CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH (CJETR)
VOL. 22 NO. 5 – SEPTEMBER, 2021 EDITION
Published by:
Cambridge Research and Publications International,
Africa (Nigeria): Centre for African Humanity and Development Circle
(CAHDC), University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Email: cambridgenigeriapublications@gmail.com
Copyright © 2021 Cambridge Research and Publications International.
Papers:
STUDY OF SORPTION PROPERTIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR VARIED TEMPERATURES OF BITTER KOLA
IJI, SUNDAY IBE; OBOH, INNOCENT OSERIBOH; & EKPENYONG, ABASIYAKE UKU
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The physicochemical properties and sorption isotherms of Bitter kola (Garcina kola) has been studied. It was processed into powder of 500 µm. The physicochemical properties determined were moisture (52.50 %), crude protein (2.51 %), crude fiber (5.12 %), fat (4.16 %), ash (0.86 %) and carbohydrate (34.85 %) content. The sorption isotherms were determined using the static gravimetric method. The obtained data were fitted into the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer and Oswin models using the nonlinear regression method. From the results obtained, equilibrium moisture content increased with increasing water activity at a particular temperature and decreased with increase in the temperatures studied. The water surface areas of the adsorbents were calculated and the values obtained were less than 260 m2.g-1. The sorption isotherm curves obtained were sigmoidal and the models were also suitable for describing the experimental data with coefficient of determination values of approximately equal to unity. A mathematical model was developed and was fitted to the experimental data which gave the correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.984992. The result of this work revealed that shelf life of bitter kola would be sustained by storage under lower temperatures.
Keywords: Bitter kola, Physicochemical, Sorption, Isotherms, Static gravimetric method
APPLICATION OF ADAPTIVE NEURO-FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM FOR FAULTS DETECTION, CLASSIFICATION AND LOCATION ON THE NIGERIA – NIGER REPUBLIC 132KV NETWORK
*NAHATA ZAROUMEY LIROUANA; & **MOHAMMED BUHARI MOHAMMED
*Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State **Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State
ABSTRACT
Power systems are the most complex systems and have great importance in modern life. They have direct impacts on the modernization, economic, political and social aspects. In this paper, a neuro-fuzzy approach fault location estimation which uses data from both ends of overhead transmission line is described. A 264km, 132kV, 50HZ power transmission line model is developed and different faults classification and locations simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK, and then certain selected features of the wavelet transformed signals is used as inputs for training and development of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The accuracy of the ANFIS for faults detection and classification for the Hybrid Method is 93.8%. For fault location accuracy percentages for Line to Ground, Line to Line, Line to Line to Ground, Line to Line to line, and Line to Line to line Ground faults are: 97.52%, 97.96%, 97.54%, 97.7% and 95.36% respectively.
Keyword Transmission Line, Fault Detection, Fault Classification, Fault Location, Power System, Adaptive neuro Fuzzy Inference.
EVALUATION OF NIGERIAN BITUMEN YIELD AND COMPOSITIONS BY HYDROUS AND ANHYDROUS PYROLYSIS – A CASE STUDY OF ONDO STATE BITUMEN
ABDULKADIRI RAJI; MUHAMMAD UMAR GARBA (PhD).
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology FUT, Minna.
ABSTRACT
Petroleum is the world’s most important source of energy. There is an ever increasing demand for energy and this has resulted to depletion and decline in production due to the fact that petroleum is extracted much faster than its rate of formation, hence the need to source for unconventional sources of crude oil. This research aims to establish the superiority of crude oil produced from bitumen by hydrous pyrolysis technique over crude oil produced from bitumen by anhydrous pyrolysis technique. The bitumen sample collected from Agbabu in Odigbo local government area of Ondo State was subjected to pyrolysis by two processes – hydrous pyrolysis and anhydrous pyrolysis. Initial protocol tests were carried out on the bitumen sample including TGA, FT-IR, SEM-EDX and GC-MS to determine the thermal behavior, functional groups, elemental composition and nature of the Saturates, Aromatics, Resins and Asphaltenes (SARA) composition of the bitumen. Anhydrous Pyrolysis was carried out with temperature ranging from 200oC to 400oC and time from 30minutes to 60minutes. Hydrous Pyrolysis was also carried out with temperature ranging from 300oC to 500oC and time from 30minutes to 60minutes. The synthetic crude obtained from both processes were subjected to further test to determine the viscosity, density, specific gravity, calculation of the API gravity and GC-MS analysis. The bitumen was found to have high viscosity of 28cSt and low API gravity of 8.6 which corresponds to standard for heavy oil. The bitumen SARA components determined are 35% saturates, 37% aromatics, 26% resins and 2% asphaltenes. At the end of the study, it was established that the yield of synthetic crude oil from hydrous pyrolysis has a greater API gravity of 29.20, lower sulfur content 0.08%, lower viscosity 3.04cSt and a higher concentration of saturates 65% than the synthetic crude obtained from anhydrous pyrolysis which respectively has 23.99, 0.16%, 3.28cSt and 50%. From this research, exploitation of Nigerian bitumen becomes more economically viable such as seen in other countries around the world like Canada.
Keywords: hydrous pyrolysis, bitumen, synthetic crude oil, GC-MS, SARA content.
SECURITY OF VEHICULAR MOBILITY IN AN ORGANIZATION
EBINOWEN TUSIN DAYO
School of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Penang Malaysia. [Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji]
ABSTRACT
Major problems encountered by transport companies includes car insecurity, illegal diversion of products and unassigned route other than the prescribe route. Due to the inefficiency in conventional car security alarm system, the possibility of the car being diverted or blocked in the security system is high. Surveillance was specified to car operating system and the immediate feedback of data to the owner of the vehicle using SMS when the alarm is triggered. This paper is focused on the need to curb truck theft in an organization and illegal diversion of consignments as haulage business is one of the sources of economic revenue to individual, industry and nation. The audible distance limitation of the alarm is of critical concern but, a means of transmitting the alarm to the vehicle owner that was not limited to the audible distance through line of sight is an option to vehicle owners. However, this option through GPS is costly and because of maintenance monthly. The system was upgraded and the process was achieved with hybridized GPS, SMS and google map as a good choice of the communication to replace the conventional alarm system with little cost. This paper also employs the use of job order and MATLAB 2019Ra to gather information and interface with the map and flowchart showing mobility and tracking of the vehicles. The result shows graphically plotted maps of the truck and the user on the Google maps getting real time location of the truck.
Keywords: Mobility, Insecurity, Surveillance, Organization.
SPECTRALLY EFFICIENT 8 BY 8 MIMO BASED PHYDYAS FILTERED OQAM-MODULATED FBMC
*MAHMUD JA’AFAR, A. D. USMAN
Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria.
Abstract
We developed a spectrally efficient 8 by 8 MIMO based OQAM-modulated FBMC using PHYDYAS filter as opposed to Hermit filter which enabled the concentration of energy in time domain, rapid decaying in the frequency domain to reduce Inter-carrier interference (ICI), and flexibility with respect to overlapping factor, R. The computation involved in the design and implementation of PHYDYAS filter is also less compared to Hermit filter. Hadamard coding scheme enabled bi-orthogonality by restoring the orthogonality in the imaginary field of the complex data symbol, thereby availing both the imaginary and real components for transmission. The complex data symbol were transmitted by employing Space-Time Transmission Scheme which cancelled the imaginary intrinsic interference developed at the receiver side which also augment the compatibility of the OQAM-modulated FBMC complex data symbols with the MIMO system. The spectrally efficient system developed is a result of the collective advantageous properties of the PHYDYAS filter, the Hadamard coding scheme, and the space-time transmission scheme.
Keywords: FBMC, FFT, Hadamard, IFFT, MIMO, PHYDYAS filter, STTS.
DESIGN OF A STANDALONE PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM FOR A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN OSOGBO, NIGERIA
1ALAJE ELIJAH OLAYIWOLA, 2YUSUF ABDULHAMID, 3ADEYEMI WAHEED ADEBANJO, 4 ABIOYE, ISMAIL OLAWALE, 5OLAWALE, OLANIRAN KAYODE
2Department of Physics Electronics & Earth Sciences. Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria. 1, 3,4 Department of Science Laboratory Technology. Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, Nigeria. 5Department of Science Laboratory Technology. Federal Polytechnic, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
Abstract
Stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems have become one of the most promising power solutions for remote areas, which are not connected to the utility grid. In this paper, a stepwise design of a stand-alone PV system for a residential building is presented. A detailed procedure for choosing each system component is mathematically presented and discussed. The cost analysis for the installation and maintenance of the system for 25 years have been outlined. The result reveals that the cost of having a Stand-alone photovoltaic system to power a residential building in Osogbo is high and not yet within the reach of average Nigerians.
Keywords: Nigeria, Stand-alone, residential, design, Osogbo, power.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF STATCOM PLACEMENT ON THE ACTIVE AND REACTIVE POWER OF IKEJA – WEST 330KV POWER NETWORK USING GENETIC OPTIMIZATION META-HEURISTIC
1AFOLABI OLUSEGUN. A., 2 NKELEME VICTOR .O. 3CARROLL PIUS SARMEJE
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The important of investigating both the active and reactive power contents in the quality of power transmission on the Nigerian 330KV grid line cannot be over emphasized. This paper investigates the effect of FACTS devices (STATCOM) on the active and reactive content of Nigerian (Ikeja- West) 330 kV Network. It also demonstrated how STATCOM has successfully been applied on the Nigerian Ikeja- West Region 330 kV Transmission Network.The STATCOM is modeled and genetic algorithm optimization method was used in its placement on the network. Power system computer aided design (PS-CAD) was used in the simulation and the behaviours of the Network were investigated when STATCOM was connected and when it was not connected to the network. The result shows that active and reactive power losses were reduced with the STATCOM connected to the grid.
Keywords: Facts, Statcom, Ps-Cad, Reactive Power, Active Power.
DESIGN OF FABRICATION OF METAL SHEET BENDING MACHINE
ONYEMELIKAYA IFEOMA BLESSING; & OKIGBO NONSO EMMANUEL
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Oko
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to develop a roller bending machine which is useful to bend a metal strips in workshop. This project is to design and construct a portable roller bending machine. This machine is used to bend metal strips into curve and the other curvature shapes. The size of machine is very convenient for portable work. It is fully made by steel. Moreover, it is easy to be carry and use at any time and any place. It reduces human effort and also required less skill to operate this machine. We are designing manually operated roller bending machine with use of rollers, chain sprockets and support (frame). The roller bending machine is manually operated. Therefore, our objective is to increase accuracy at low prize without affecting the bending productivity. This machine works on simple kinematic system instead of complicated design. Due to its portability it can be used by small workshop or fabrication shop. Bending machine is a common tool in machine shop that is used to bend a metal.
MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF A356 ALUMINUM ALLOY PRODUCED BY HIGH PRESSURE DIE CASTING
1,2* N.A YEKEEN, 2I. ABDULLAHI & 2M. MAKOYO
1Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria. 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
In foundry industry, numerous efforts have been made to predict and improve flexural properties of cast components. This present work developed models for predicting of flexural properties of A356 aluminum alloy cast by high pressure die casting process. An experimental study on the flexural properties of aluminum alloy die casting process was carried out on the cast components of motorcycle brake handle to validate the models developed. Nevertheless, variation of casting parameters and molten metal characteristics modifies the optimum flexural properties achieved when part is made at three factors are constant. The error between experimental and predicted values is within 95% confidence interval which verifies that the model is adequate and both the predicted and experimental values are in good agreement with each other. Finally, the interactions between the studied parameters of HPDC and the quality of motorcycle brake handle showed a significant improvement on the flexural properties. The research findings and developed mathematical models could be useful to research institutes and die casting industry in Nigeria to predict flexural properties of A356 aluminum alloy before cast by high pressure die casting.
Keywords: Mathematical Models, Aluminum alloy, Die casting, Flexural Properties, Prediction.
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF ĆUK DC-DC CONVERTER TOPOLOGY IN STEP DOWN MODE FOR IMPROVED SOLAR BATTERY PERFORMANCE
K.A. SA’IDU 1* , A. SHEHU 2 , D.Y. GITAL 3, M.A. SULE4
1 Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Kaltungo 2 Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi 4Department of Computer Engineering Technology. Federal Polytechnic, Kaltungo
Abstract:
This paper presents the design and simulation of a DC-DC converter, namely, Ćuk converter. The step-down mode of the converter is designed and then simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results discussed. The converter uses 17V DC as its input voltage and 12V DC as the desired output voltage. This converter can be used in photovoltaic solar charge controllers to either step up or step down the fluctuating DC voltage from the solar panels for effective battery charging. To further enhance the charging process and to extend the battery life, the design of the Ćuk type converter becomes paramount. The Ćuk converter has several advantages over its counterparts.
Keywords: Ćuk converter, Photovoltaic, Charge Controller, MATLAB/SIMULINK, Solar Panels.
INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIALS FOR ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION: MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING EDUCATION.
*ENGR. URANTA CHARLES ATEMIE; *EVEREST OKWUDIRI KEKE; **OBOMANU CECILIA ALEX; & ***NDIOKWERE GABRIELLA CHIOMA
*Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana, Akwa-ibom State. ** Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana, Akwa-ibom State. ***Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Applied Science, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana, Akwa-ibom State
Abstract
The phrase “Materials is everything and everything is materials”, is no less true for either the Materials engineer, the Industrial Microbiologist, the Petroleum/Chemical engineer or the Mechanical engineer. It tends to take on a deeper meaning when considered from the perspective of materials as a constituent of the physical universe and a necessity in engineering practice or education. The research work builds upon the latter, considering the numbers of institutions of higher learning (Universities) that accords the study of both Materials Science and Engineering its proper significance in the innovative development of materials to aid the economic diversification of the Nation. Using Comparative Analysis as Methodology, a premium statistical analytic software known as SPSS is utilized in the analysis of the research data. The research findings shows that of the approximately one hundred and fourteen (114) accredited universities offering engineering based education, only eleven-point-four percent (11.4%) offers material science and engineering as a specialized form of engineering education. This implies that the usage of innovatively developed materials as a means for economic diversification is truncated mainly due to, the unavailability of the necessary engineering education based knowledge. The research work proffers some obvious and unorthodoxly viable solutions that is geared towards national greatness through materials science and engineering.
Keywords: SPSS, Comparative Analysis, Economic Diversification, Industrial Microbiology, Petrochemical.
OPTIMIZING CERAMIC RAW MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF HIGH VOLTAGE PORCELAIN INSULATOR
S I BELLO1, A. S. AHMED2, P. C. OKONKWO3, M. T. ISA4, A. A. ABDELMALIK5, A, BELLO6
1Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa 2,3,4Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 5Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 6National Biotechnology Development Agency Abuja/Bioresources Development Centre, Ilorin.
ABSTRACT
Materials combination of ceramic raw materials for production of porcelain insulator has been trial and error approach. In this work, effects of these raw materials proportioning on the properties of high voltage porcelain insulator were investigated for the optimization of raw materials combination. This was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM), for mix design optimization (MDO) incorporated in the design of experimental tool version (6.0.6). Fourteen porcelain bodies were formulated from the experimental design output by varying materials combination of clay 40-60 %, feldspar 20-40 % and quartz 10-30 % body constituents (as variables). They were produced by dry pressing method at pressure of 5.0 MPa. Porosity, water absorption, bulk density, bending strength and dielectric strength were the responses investigated. Models for these properties were generated from the statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) and optimized solutions generated. The optimized solution with highest desirability was characterized with 49.81 % clay, 40 % feldspar and 10.19 % quartz. The resulting predicted response values of porosity, water absorption, bulk density, bending strength and dielectric strength were 0.98 %, 0.47 %, 1.75 g/cm3, 40.88 MPa and 49.82 kV/mm respectively.
Keywords: materials combination, electrical porcelain insulator, porcelain properties.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC PHASE FAILURE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR A THREE-PHASE MOTOR
1I.H. USMAN, U, 1U. D ZAHRADDIN 1 M. A. AHMAD, 1 A. ABDULKADIR, 2 A. MUBARAK, 3H. BALA
1Departement of Electrical Electronic Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. 2Departement of Computer Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. 3Departement of Electrical Electronic Engineering Technology, Jigawa State Polytechnic Dutse
ABSTRACT
This project work Design and Construction of an Automatic Phase Failure Detection System for a Three Phase Moto was successfully done. The constructed system used PIC Microcontroller to sense the present of phase failure by comparing the rated voltage values with the current line voltage. The system is stripped off whenever there is presence of phase failure.. From the results, it is observed that the results are satisfactory, reliable, gives quick response, cost effective and highly versatile with the ability of the system to switch off the load when any of the phase voltage is lower than the set (rated) threshold as well as when there is phase outage.
Keywords: Design, Construction, Automatic, Detection System, Three-Phase Motor.
REMOVAL OF HEAVY METAL IONS FROM LOCAL BATTERY RECYCLING WASTEWATER USING FUNCTIONALIZED CORN HUSK DERIVED ACTIVATED CARBON
MUHAMMAD SALIHU ISMAIL; & MUIBAT DIEKOLA YAHYA
Department of chemical engineering, Federal university of technology, Minna, P.M.B. 65Minna.
Abstract
The synthesis of functionalized corn husk derived activated carbon was aimed at studying the potentials of the adsorbent in the removal of heavy metals from local battery recycling wastewater. The synthesis emphasizes on the pretreatment, particle size, amine functionalization and thermal treatment of the adsorbent while the effect of contact time, adsorbent dosage, effluent temperature, pH and concentration forms the basis of the study. The characterization of the raw corn husk and functionalized corn husk derived activated carbon was carried out using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Branauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), and scanning electron microscopy-elemental disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results of TGA shows a temperature profile with steep degradation between 300 and 500 0C while the FT-IR results reveals the presence of various functional groups before and after modification, the SEM-EDS results also revealed enhanced pores in the activated carbon with broad elemental dispersion containing carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen suggests the presence of related functional groups. Effect of contact time was studied between 5 and 140 min while the effect of temperature and dosage were studies between 28 to 70 0C and 0.5 to 5 g respectively. Further study on the effect of concentration and pH were conducted between the ranges of 10 to 100 % effluent initial concentration and 2 to 11 pH respectively. The experimental adsorption capacity (qe) was 2.258, 1.492 and 1.065 mg/g for Pb Cu and Ni adsorption respectively. The Langmuir, fruendlich and D-R isotherms were used to describe the sorption process with a best fit in fruendlich isotherm which suggests multi-layer adsorption, the study of pseudo-first and pseudo second order kinetic models reveals best fit for second order rate which suggests chemisorption. Further thermodynamic studies also suggest exothermic reaction with negative enthalpy and Gibbs free energy. The regeneration study also reveals the viability of the adsorbent for recycle and reuse as 99 % recovery efficiency was observed after three cycles.
Keywords: corn husk, activated carbon, local battery wastewater, adsorption, desorption
DEVELOPMENT OF STEP-UP TRANSFORMER FOR LOW CURRENT AND LOW POWER SOUND ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM
EZE GERALD C.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Oko Anambra
ABSTRACT
In this paper, an enhanced low power (2.29 mW) and low current (0.588 mA) step-up transformer energy harvester circuit for powering low consumption electrical devices were designed and verified. The objective of this research is to presents a novel method for battery-less circuit start-up from ultra-low voltage energy harvesting sources. The approach proposed for the first time by using a transformer and bridge rectifier as the key component for the step-up harvesting device. The proposed transformer circuit is first modeled and then experimentally verified with a sound energy harvesting system. Based on several experiments carried out in laboratory and results presented show that the proposed step-up transformer topology begins to operate at 3.89 V and achieves a 5.0 V output voltage at low frequency that is 68 Hz. This work transformer design construction needs no inductive component, not have SMT microelectronics technology. It is also have benefits of simple and achieves self-starting operation with a smaller input voltage, simple circuits and save cost. The measured results agree well or comparable with the theoretical results. From the result, it shows that the vibration of sound energy generates from speaker strike impact produce mechanical energy convert into electrical energy. The PZT-5A harvest energy effectively through transformer and provide energy to utilize low power devices such as wireless sensor network or ultra-low power sensor.
Keywords: Development, Transformer, Current, Low Power, Sound Energy, Harvesting System
PUMP AS TURBINE (PAT) FOR SMALL SCALE POWER GENERATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
MUSA HALADU; AMINU YAU; & ABDULHAMID MOHAMMED
Department of Electrical Electronics, Federal Polytechnic Mubi Adamawa State
ABSTRACT
Pumps can be operated as turbines to generate electricity by changing the mode of its operation and reversing the direction of power flow. Since the pump manufacturers usually do not provide datasheet showing the pump’s characteristics and performance when operating as turbines, problem arises as to understand how the pump behaves in the turbine mode or reverse running mode. To resolve the problem scientists have developed different mathematical models to find the pump behavior in the turbine mode and its characteristics. In this paper, the BEP (best efficiency point) of a pump operated as turbine (PAT) turbine is mathematically determined using two different methods with the help of the experimentally obtained general pump characteristics data. The BEP is then used to determine the amount of hydraulic power and hence in turn the amount of electrical power that can be generated when an induction machine (operated in generator mode) is coupled to the pump. Also a suitable site is assumed to determine the operating points or range of the PAT using the conventional mathematical models available in many literatures of fluid mechanics.
Keywords: PAT (Pump as Turbine); Small scale power generation using PAT; Micro-Hydro; BEP (best efficiency point); Reverse Running Pump Operation
DESIGN OF AN ALERT SYSTEM FOR GAS LEAKAGE
ILONWAFOR CHUKWUKA LEVI
School of Engineering, Department of Electrical/ Electronics, Federal Polytechnic Oko.
Abstract
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a main source of fuel, especially in urban areas because it is clean compared to firewood and charcoal. Gas leakage is a major problem in the industrial sector, residential premises, etc. Nowadays, home security has become a major issue because of increasing gas leakage. Gas leakage is a source of great anxiety with ateliers, residential areas and vehicles like Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), buses, and cars which are run on gaspower. One of the preventive methods to stop accidentsgassociated with the gas leakage is to install a gas leakage detection kit at vulnerable places. The aim of this paper is to propose and discuss a design of a gas leakage detection system that can automatically detect, alert and control gas leakage. This proposed system also includes an alerting system for the users. The system is based on a sensor that easily detects a gas leakage.
Keywords: LPG (liquefied petroleum gas); gas sensor MQ-6; buzzer (alarm); LED (light).
MODELING AND SIMULATION PERFORMANCE OF DOUBLY FED INDUCTION GENERATOR (DFIG) FOR A TYPICAL 9MW WIND FARM
S M LAWAL1; ALIYU ABDULLAHI1; &MUSA BELLO DALIL2
1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering, Kaduna Polytechnic.2Works and Services Department, Kaduna Polytechnic.
Abstract:
The paper describes the modeling and simulation of a typical 9MW wind farm, consisting of six 1.5MW wind turbines connected to a 25KV distribution system to a 120KV grid through a 30KM short transmission line of 25KV feeder. An average model of a Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) driven by a wind turbine model was utilized in the modeling. Steady-state operation of the (DFIG) and its dynamic response to voltage sag resulting from a fault on the 120KV system was analyzed. Various simulation results of the proposed system are also presented in this paper.
Keywords: Doubly-Fed Induction Generator, Wind farm, Wind turbine and simulation model
IMPACT OF ADVANCED MACHINING & PROCESS IMPROVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
IGWEGBE, CHUKWUKA O. 1**, UDORAH, DANIEL O.2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Oko, Anambra State, Nigeria. 2Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Oko, Anambra State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT:
Advanced manufacturing technology (AMT), known to perform repetitive functions and work without permanent alteration of equipment, has been on the increase in most manufacturing industries for their process improvement and overall production. Being a technique which is likely to cause constructive changes in a firm’s manufacturing practices, as well as management systems and its approach, this paper evaluates the impact of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies in Nigerian Manufacturing industries. Survey research design was used in this work for data collection. The data were collected from four sectors of manufacturing industries. The majority of respondents are from automobile sectors, followed by process sectors, electrical & electronics sectors and industrial machinery and equipment sectors. Respondents were requested to choose a response on five point likert scale; anchored at one end with ‘least important’ meriting a score 1 and the other by ‘most important’ meriting a score of 5. After which the hypotheses testing were performed by testing the level of conformity between the variables. The results showed that the implementation of new technology within an industry for the purpose of improving efficiencies, developing flexibility and enhancing output represents an innovative development. It is concluded that efficiency enhancement of manufacturing industries can be accomplished through advanced manufacturing technologies.
Keywords: Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT); CNC/DNC; Kaizen; Benchmarking; Recycling
PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF TELEMEDICINE: A NEW PARADIGM FOR HEALTHCARE DELIVERY IN DASS LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BAUCHI STATE
M.A. GADAM1*, HASSAN IBRAHIM 2, HAFSAT SULEIMAN JALO3
1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi. 2Department of Computer Science, Gombe State Polytechnic Bajoga. 3 Department of Computer Engineering Technology, Gombe State Polytechnic Bajoga.
Abstract
Good healthcare services and medical specialists are usually concentrated in urban areas. Patients cannot often afford transportation to the nearest health care centre providing the necessary medical services. Provision of support and continuous medical education for those health care professionals working in rural areas are extremely difficult. The ability of telemedicine in the utilization of scarce medical personnel and resources irrespective of distance and availability of personnel on site makes it attractive in healthcare delivery to both rural and urban areas. In particular, telemedicine may be seen as a valuable tool for providing much needed medical services to remote rural areas. The study ascertains the possibility of future success that telemedicine could attained by showing the low level of availability of the services in Dass Local government area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. In addition to showing the low degree of application of the services in the area, some pressing issues affecting the prospects of the services in the healthcare delivery were highlighted. 100 questionnaires were administered in which 93 were returned, the data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Mean and standard deviation were used in discussion of results. The study paved a way of addressing the challenges that hinders the development of the services in the area.