SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCE (SJHSS)
VOL 20 (6) JUNE, 2021 ISSN: 2316-7989
Published by:
Sub-Sahara African Academic Research Publications,
Centre for African Development Studies, University of Ibadan,
P. O. Box 10108, U. I. Post Office. Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria, West-Africa.
Email: ssaapublications@gmail.com
PAPERS:
SURVEY OF DECENTRALIZATION OF POLICE SYSTEM AND INSECURITY IN NIGERIA
PROF. DAVID OLADIMEJI ALAO (PhD); & AKOJI, RICHARD OKLAGBA
Department of Political Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State
ABSTRACT
The rising spate of insecurity in Nigeria occasioned by incessant killings, kidnappings, cultism, terrorism, armed banditry and police brutality is a reason for the decentralization of police system in Nigeria. Hence, this paper assessed the decentralization of police system and police as panacea for insecurity in Nigeria. The study applied quantitative and qualitative methods; data was obtained from primary and secondary sources. The quantitative data was obtained through administration of 388 questionnaires to the respondents in Borno, Yobe, Benue, Plateau, Lagos and Ogun States representing the 36 states of Nigeria by applying purposive sampling techniques. Findings showed that 208 (53.6%) of the respondents were male while 180 (46.4%) of the respondents were female 235 (60.5%) of the respondents agreed that Decentralizing police system is the panacea to insecurity in Nigeria while 153 (39.4%) disagreed that Decentralizing police system is the panacea to insecurity in Nigeria. The paper recommends decentralization of police system with strict supervision and control of the state governors. This study will be of immense benefits to all tiers of government Nigeria Police Force and the researchers in the field of security and public administration
Keywords: Decentralization, Police-operation, Capability, Insecurity, Nigeria,
LA REVOLTE CONTRE LES PRATIQUES ABUSIVES TRADITIONNELLES: UNE ÉTUDE DE LE BISTOURI DES LARMES DE RAMOUNU SANUSI
MEMBER ORDUE
Benue State University, Makurdi
Résumé
La scène littéraire africaine est préoccupée par la question d’émancipation de la femme de quelques aspects de la culture méfiante par un grand nombre d’écrivains. Dans le contexte traditionnel africain, la femme subit toujours les pratiques abusives qui torturent sa physique et sa psychologie. C’est une situation qui la rend désespérée et malheureuse aux yeux du monde. Cependant, au cours des années, la situation de la femme évolue et plusieurs écrivains dénoncent cette violence contre la femme dans la société. Ramonu Sanusi fait partie de ces écrivains qui prônent la libération de la femme de ces pratiques. Ils condamnent dans une manière brillante la marginalisation sociale de la femme par une discrimination et cherchent la possibilité de le faire cesser. Dans cette étude, nous tenterons de faire un survol de ces pratiques abusives comme figurent dans les œuvres de corpus et d’étudier l’idéologie adoptée par cet écrivain dans son roman Le Bistouri des Larmes pour dénoncer ces pratiques déshumanisantes contre la femme. Nous tenterons également d’évaluer la transformation de la condition de la femme, la femme qui se lève de la misère d’être inférieure et marginalisée jusqu’au niveau d’émancipation totale contre les pratiques abusives.
Les mots clés: émancipation, traditionnelle, méfiante, psychologie, malheureuse, violence, déshumanisation, libération.
AN EVALUATION OF THE IMPACTS OF ADOPTING MODERN TECHNOLOGY OF RICE FARMING ON OUTPUT, INCOME AND FARM SIZE IN MAKURDI LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF BENUE STATE
GODWIN AGABA OCHUBE; & FLORENCE NDALAZHI
Department of Sociology, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria
ABSTRACT
The research centers on the impacts of new technological adoption on output income and farm size of rice farmers in Makurdi LGA of Benue State, Nigeria. A sample size of 100 rice farmers was sampled from five randomly selected council wards in Makurdi LGA of Benue State. Primary data on rice farmer’s previous and present output income and farm size were collected through the instrumentality of structured questionnaire administered to rice farmers. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test of mean difference and regression model. The result of the data analyzed shows that the majority (79.0%) of the rice farmers were male, a larger proportion (33%) of the rice sampled farmers belong to the age group of 31-41 years, 10.0% of the farmers were found to have gained tertiary education with average household size of 10 people. The average farm size after the adoption of technology was estimated at 3.5 hectares generating average annual farm income of N154.200. The results revealed that the major methods of rice production technologies adopted by farmers ranged from improved varieties, storage and application of fertilizers, pests and disease control proper seed rates, herbicides application and timely planting dates. The results revealed a significant difference (t= 2.67: p<0.05) in farmer`s rice output before and after adoption of rice technologies. Similarly, there was a significant difference (t=3.74, t=7.20, t=2.07) in farmers` annual income, farm size and rice income respectively before and after adoption of technology.
Keywords: Technology, Farming, Rice, Agriculture, Sustainable growth.
THE EVIL IMPACT OF CORRUPTION AS IT UNDERMINES NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
NWANERI CONSTANCE L.O; AND DHIKYILNAN M. BEWUL
Department of Sociology (Criminology and Security- Studies), Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau-State
Abstract:
This paper emphasizes the evil impact of corruption as it undermines the national development of the country. Corruption is a problem not only in the world’s major financial markets and offshore centres, but also for emerging markets. And as emerging markets open their economies and financial sectors, they become increasingly viable targets for corruption activity. One of the greatest threats to economic and political development of any nation is corruption. Therefore, the challenges of corruption remain a major devastating issue facing Nigeria since the colonial period, although, this phenomenon has become a canker worm that has eaten deep into the fabrics of our system. Nevertheless, its solution rests in our hands and cannot be put off to another day. In Nigeria, corruption has been identified as the bane of urgently needed development in the country. Corruption remains the greatest threat to the attainment of millennium development goals (MDGs) and even to the continued existence of the Nigeria state. Corruption impairs the development of these important financial institutions for two reasons. First, corruption erodes financial institutions themselves. Within these institutions, there is often a correlation between corruption and fraudulent activities undertaken by employees. At higher volumes of corruption activities, entire financial institutions in developing countries are vulnerable to corruption by criminal elements seeking to gain further influence over their corruption channels. Federal government should make all the anti-corruption commissions more effective as a result of empowering them and funding the agencies and should be made to be independent so as to enforce laws without interference.
Keywords: National development, threat to economic and political development, millennium development goat (MDG’s) anti-corruption commission.
ILLEGAL FISHING AND PIRACY IN THE GULF OF ADEN: A STUDY OF SOMALIA FROM 2000-2014
OBI, UCHENNA S.; & OBIEKEZIE, NKIRUKA P.
Department of Political Science Education, F.C.E (T), Umunze, Anambra State.
Abstract
The Gulf of Aden remains strategically important to the international community due to its location and rich aquatic resources. Meanwhile, the problem of illegal fishing and piracy in the gulf has remained intractable. This study investigated the nexus between illegal fishing and incidence of piracy in the Gulf of Aden. The study was guided by two research questions which sought to discover whether there is a relationship between illegal fishing and piracy in the Gulf of Aden as well as the efficacy of the strategies adopted for the management of piracy in the Gulf of Aden.. The study established that the rise in Piracy is attributed to businessmen which saw Piracy as profit making enterprise. The study further established that the strategies so far adopted to check illegal fishing and piracy in the Gulf of Aden has been ineffective. Therefore, the researchers recommended ban on illegal fishing, making piracy more risky and less lucrative as short term solutions within the current context of statelessness in Somalia while advocating for the formation of a strong, centralized, federal state under the supervision of the International Community in Somalia as long term strategy to check the incidence of illegal fishing and piracy in the Gulf of Aden.
Keywords; international, community, illegal, fishing, piracy, incidence, strategy.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS OF TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF THE OKE-OGUN POLYTECHNIC, SAKI)
MUSLIM, N.A.; AND ABEGUNRIN, A.O.
General Studies Department, the Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State
Abstract
There has been increasing use of the social media among Nigerian youths. However, this is not wthout some problems, like increasing rates of crime and social vices. This paper critically examined the psychological implications of the use of social media among students of the Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo state, Nigeria. Using survey method through administration of questionnaires, the paper found out that social media have impacts of social behaviour of the students. The paper, therefore, recommended that efforts should be made to censor information circulated on the social media and that parents should also monitor activities of their wards on social media platforms.
Keywords: social media, social behavior, social vices, crime, psychological implications
THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION IN CURTAILING SOCIO-POLITICAL ISSUES IN NIGERIA.
HASSAN, MOHAMMED KABIR
General Studies Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bali, Taraba State
Abstract
Nigeria as a multi-lingual, multi-ethnic and pluralistic cultural nation faces several social, political, economic, linguistic and religious problems. Based on this, some researched works revealed that Nigeria is supposed to be a country not a nation for the multiplicity of tribes and religion. For instance, the Nigerian citizenry at the federation level speaks too many different languages, ranging from the major ethnic languages such as Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba to the diverse languages of the minorities which include: Efik, Ibibio, Ijaw, Mumuye, Kanuri, Fulfude, Tiv, Gwari, Igala and Idoma to mention but few. In this kind of divergent linguistic setting, human interaction and relationship amongst the various distinct groups would be difficult if not impossible, without an independent and neutral language which many people can speak and understand freely and effortlessly. Ordinarily, because of the monolingual propensity of different actors in various fields in Nigeria, there would be mutual distrust and suspicion among the operators of national assignments leading to hatred and gross insecurity, if there is no language in which each of the divergent linguistic/cultural groups can speak and write. For instance, while the three major ethnic groups will be suspicious of one another, the vast minority ethnic groups would be suspicious of the three major languages and political groups as forming an unholy alliance against them. The obvious mutual distrust among these groups would naturally have a devastating impact on the overall development of the geographical entity called Nigeria. The above socio-cultural cum linguistic scenario would naturally impede negatively on national integration, security and development. To overcome the above-envisaged problems, a language that possesses the characteristic features of national acceptability, mutual intelligibility and social neutrality needs to be put in a central position to act as a bridge through which all the different ethnic/linguistic and cultural groups can cross into the mainstream of the national culture. And the only language that can step into the big shoes painted above is the English language. Therefore, this study intends to highlight the functions of the English language and communication as a panacea to some socio-political challenges in Nigeria.
Keywords: language, communication, socio-political, panacea, challenges
INSECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA: A CRITICAL REFLECTION ON THE NORTH EAST OF NIGERIA
*MOHAMMED MUSA; **MARTHA K BUHARI; & **SULEIMAN ADAMU
*Department of International Relation and Strategic Studies, Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola. **Department of Crime Prevention Management and Control, Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola
Abstract
Nigeria has been bedeviled with insecurity challenges of great magnitude with great looses in farm of human and material resource. The expression of frustration is the cause of concern as it threatens the Nigerian state hood. The paper tries to examine the activities of terrorist in Nigeria since 2012 when Boko Haram started unleashing harm on the Nigerian people especially northeastern part of Nigeria. The emergence of Boko Haram has brought untold headship to the people of Nigeria in all its ramifications. A part from the billions of naira expended on the war against terrorism, it also brought intimidating challenge on the development of the country. The paper further examined some of the effects of terrorism as it breads moral suspect among people, fear form being killed and business being damaged. The paper recommend that government should be up and doing in providing employment to the teeming youths so as to be gainfully employed. Poverty and corruption should be tackled in the fight against this menace. Government should also involve in vigorous activities in tightening security of the land by investing heavily in securing sophisticated equipment.
Keywords: Terrorism, security, insecurity; boko haram,
THE DYNAMICS OF CHRITIANITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHANGES IN THE FIVE L.G OF OGBOMOSO, OYO STATE – NIGERIA
*OKE, TOYIN M.; AND **ILORI, MORONKE O.
*Curator, National Museum, Ogbomoso. Oyo State, Nigeria **National Museum, Ogbomoso. Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
Many people are of the opinion that Christian Missions came to Nigeria primarily to preach the gospel and their impacts are not felt in other areas of life. Similarly, it is has become general opinion that most of the social amenities in the area of study are the effect of efforts put in place by the government. Apparently, this paper examined the dynamics of Christianity and its impact on socio-economic development of Ogbomoso. In this paper, we made use of secondary sources, that is, books, journals, unpublished theses and archival materials. Correlative research method cannot be avoided because views, facts, opinions were correlated particularly on the activities of Christian Missions. However, it was observed that there was and there is mutual relationship among the missions that are competing in developmental programmes. Missions were mutual in elite-building of the Ogbomoso Youths. Finally, the paper recommended that evangelism should not be restricted to spirituality only but social needs must be a counterpart of church growth.
Keywords: Dynamics, Christianity, Socio-Economic and Changes.
CODING AS A MEANS FOR ERROR CORRECTION IN THE CONTEXT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: AN OVERVIEW OF ACCURACY
VIKA TENSABA AKAFA
General Studies Department, Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State
Abstract:
Errors are quite significant in the context of ELT as a result of indicating the leaners weak points which need to be addressed professionally. It is raised up to the responsibilities of Language Teachers to do so in order to safe errors from being fossilised in learners’ brain for effective learning. Error correction is definitely needed at some point in the learning process to a lesser or a wider extent .For instance, error of accuracy which includes: grammar, meaning and appropriacy; however, the main focus of this paper is to answer the following research questions: what exactly do language teachers indicate as errors? What sign or code do they use to notify the learners what needs to be corrected? Therefore, a very wide range of individual factors defining our students make this task a very complicated one which will depend on issues such as lack of clarity of what is to be corrected or the learner´s age, aptitude, stage in the language process, proficiency level, motivation, anxiety, metalinguistic sophistication, individual preferences, learning styles, learning strategies and previous achievement, factors which turn to be crucial information for the language teacher in order to improve the learning process (Martinez, 2007,p.5). In essences, this work intends to provide a useful means of correcting errors in form of feedbacks for a better teaching and learning English in the contest of ELT.
Keywords: Error, Mistake, Slip of the tongue, Interlingual error, Intralingual error, codes
EFFECT OF DENOMINATIONALISM OF THE CHURCH AND THE NEED FOR UNITY
MAMMAN NATHAN ENOS
Christian Religious Studies Department, Kashim Ibrahim College of Education, Maiduguri.
Abstract
The church since reformation has undergone dramatic change. It has metamorphosed from one single body into numerous bodies. The church today look more or less as financial institution which was fundamentally metamorphosed based on the motive of these denominationally formed bodies. The word divisions or denominations rightly fit the church. This is because a proper meaning of denomination defined the churches today. These divisions have identified the church/churches with different functions and motives. It has created an avenue for serious competition among church members. This paper identified the various causes of denominationalism; its effect and suggest possible ways of uniting these churches. It also highlighted the need for uniting of the church for which it was founded upon. The causes of division are numerous but one may add that ,the Church was brought into Africa in a fragmented form. It is never the wish of Christ that the church be divided but that all will be one.
Keywords: Effect, Denominationalism, Church, Need, Unity
HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY: A TOOL FOR WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT IN NIGERIA
OKUNLOLA KAFILAT ASAKE AND OKUNOLA ADAFIN A. OLAIYA
Department of Hospitality Management, School of Applied and Natural Sciences, the Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B 55, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Hospitality industry is considered as one of the world’s largest economic activities today. The Draft hospitality industry is an important instrument for sustainable human development including poverty alleviation, employment generation, environment regeneration and advancement of women. The contribution of women in the business world has increased in recent years, although women are underrepresented in management and leadership. In the hospitality industry, the percentage of women who work in the industry is high, but their function is dominated by unskilled, low-paid jobs. The hospitality industry definitely provides various entry points for women’s employment and opportunities for creating self-employment in small and medium sized income generating activities. In recent years the increased number of women in the hospitality industry and their underrepresentation has made women’s status in industry a great concern. This paper aims to examine Hospitality industry as a tool for women’s empowerment in Nigeria. In addition, the paper discusses the perceived factors that facilitate and constrain women’s in the industry. The paper also attempts to explain the need for approaching the Hospitality industry sector as mechanism for women empowerment. It also explains the importance and benefits that arise from women empowerment and highlights the essential element of empowerments. The paper concludes that, Hospitality sector in the Nigeria could play an important role in creating a more equitable environment for women advancement.
Keywords: Hospitality, Management, Empowerment, Polytechnic, Education.
CHALLENGES OF NATIONAL INTEGRATION IN NIGERIA
GIDEON, VICTOR OLORUNFEMI Ph. D & AGABA, ADAH EKOJA
Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER)
Abstract
The amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914 marked a turning point in the evolution of the entity called Nigeria. The effect of this development was the fusion of diverse political entities involved. The amalgamation broadened the national boundaries and merged North and South into one country but ignored the need to integrate the various people for the new administrative entity. National integration was supposed to promote national development as it would blur and ameliorate ethnic, religious, political and cultural differences and enable the people to acquire a sense of shared citizenship and common national consciousness. The 1914 Amalgamation was not followed by a general redrawing of the boundaries of the administrative divisions of the unified entity as was done in the case of protectorate of southern Nigeria and the colony of Lagos in 1906. The result of this paradox created bedevilling imbalance between Northern and Southern Nigeria. What seems to exist is the crises of marginalization and practice of sectional and tribal politics which have negative consequences on the socio-economic and political lives of the citizenry. Politics, ethnicity, religion and culture have great effects on national integration in Nigeria. Though Nigeria is a multi- cultural, multi-ethnic, multi- religious and multi- party country, the combined territorial boundary is expected to bound the different ethnic groups together as a nation. However, those factors have rather made national integration very difficult in Nigeria. Recommendations for the promotion of national integration in Nigeria include: The religious, ethnic-cultural and political differences that often plague Nigeria and thereby negatively affect its national integration and unity must be urgently addressed. The major religions and leaders must begin to emphasis the need to embrace peace within the multi-religious and ethno-linguistic pluralism. Secularity should be embraced as the best option that can uphold peace and harmony in Nigeria. Religious fanaticism should be avoided in order to pave way for re-designing Nigerian society. The government should respond to religious crises on time in order to arrest the situation. Leaders should strengthen existing policies that promote tolerance of other people. General issues of governance should not be religionized or tribalized to the detriment of the collective good and Nigerians must learn to love one another and imbibe the spirit of patriotism and nationalism.
Keywords: Decentralization, Police-operation, Capability, Insecurity, Nigeria.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ERROR IN WRITTEN COMMUNICATION BY L2 LEARNERS: AN OVERVIEW OF ELT
*ABUBAKAR, YUSUF; & **ALIYU, BAMANGA
*Department of Languages & Communication Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State. **Department of General Studies, Federal Polytheistic, Bali, Taraba State.
Abstract:
In teaching and learning a second language, it is generally believe that the inadequate linguistic competence of students in their communication portray some deviations which should not be left uncorrected as a result of their effects on mutual intelegebility and social accepterbility in a classroom situation and beyond ( see, Ellis, 2001). Therefore, this could be a very complex issue which has to do with many internal and external factors affecting the language acquisition and learning process, Language teachers, Learners, and the society at large. This article focuses on errors in construction within the context of ELT. It hopes that the positive influence that corrective feedback has in ELT may be useful for practitioners, researchers and learners. The theoretical framework underpins this study is Error Analysis (E A) by (Corder, 1967). The effects of errors are highlighted and some solutions are proposed for corrective measures.
Keywords: E L T, Grammar, Error, Error in Language construction
LEGAL EFFECTS OF FEDERAL LEGISLATION IN VALIDATING ‘NO CASE SUBMISSION’ UNDER DELTA STATE ADMINISTRATION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE LAW.
ATSENUWA KENNETH BAWO, ESQ.
School of General Studies, Delta State Polytechnic Ogwashi-Uku.
Abstract
This paper applies the doctrinal research method to critically appraise the legal ambits , purport and scope of defendants rights to making no case submission at the close of prosecution’s case in Nigerian criminal trials under the Federal Administration of Criminal Justice Act 2015 as well as the Delta State Administration of Criminal Justice Law 2017 vis a vis constitutional provisions. This paper concludes that the right of an accused person to make no case submission is a constitutional right which cannot be taken away by mere lacuna in the Delta State ACJL. This paper recommends urgent reform and amendment of the Delta State Administration of Criminal Justice Law to remedy its inconsistency with constitutional provisions and ensure its validity
Keywords: Legal Effects No Case Submission, Constitution, Criminal Justice.
LIABILITY OF THE PRINCIPAL TO THIRD PARTY IN AGENCY PARTNERSHIP IN POST COVID-ERA
OBIAKOR UGOCHUKWU JUDE; AND NWANKWO CHIZOBA DANIEL
Department of Business Administration, Federal Polytechnic Oko
ABSTRACT
The Principal is generally responsible to third parties for any decision, act or omission of his agent, which was performed or taken while executing the terms of his agency. Such decision, act or omission may constitute contractual tortuous or criminal delinquency.
Keywords: Liability, Principal, Agency, Partnership, Post Covid-Era
SERVANT LEADERSHIP, JOB CRAFTTNG AND TASK PERFORMANCE IN ADAMAWA STATE HIGHER INSTITUTIONS
1 JAMILA NUHU WAKILI, 2 ADAMU AHMED GIREI & 3 HAUWA ADAMU DUHU
1&2department of Business Administration & Management, Federal Polytechnic Mubi. 3Department of Purchasing and Supply, Federal Polytechnic Mubi
Abstract
This empirical paper examines the effect of servant leadership on task performance in Adamawa state higher institutions. Specifically, it assesses the moderating effect of job crafting on the relationship between servant leadership and task performance among employees of selected Adamawa State higher institutions. The population of this study was 3 selected higher institutions in Adamawa State with staff strength of three thousand one hundred and twenty one (3121). The sample size for this study was 355 respondents obtained through Yamane (1970) formulae. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. This study was conducted from December, 2020 to June, 2021. Partial least square structural equation modeling was adopted with the help of Smart PLS 3 for the purpose of data analysis. The result provided support for four hypothesized relationship of the study. Specifically; result reveals that Servant leadership was found to be significantly related to job crafting and task performance. It was also found that job crafting significantly relates to task performance in the higher institutions of Adamawa State. The study found that job crafting significantly moderate relationship between servant leadership and task performance. It was concluded that with servant leadership institutions can respond to their challenges effectively and properly in a dynamic and competitive world. Therefore, it was recommended that servant leadership of styles and job crafting spirit be encouraged among employees of the higher institutions in Adamawa State for improve task performance performances.
Keywords: Servant Leadership, Task performance and Job crafting
HATE SPEECH: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE OF ISSUES THROUGH THE HOROSCOPE OF COSMOLOGY
ISIAKA ADETOKUNBO ADEDEJI (Ph.D)
Department of English, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Nigeria
Abstract
This paper examines the concept of hate speech through the horoscope of cosmology in the Nigerian context. Deducing meaning from utterances is a two-way affair, resulting into either the positive or the negative, depending on who is the utterer and who the listener is and at what informed the utterance versus context of speech. Pragma-Sociolinguistics is considered an appropriate theoretical framework with particular recourse to context of situation. Two (2) purposively selected speeches of individuals in power were focused alongside the reactions generated, with related newspapers headlines as well as twenty-four(24) screenshot face book texts in relation to hike in cement price. The affordances of the texts become metaphoric for their structural deficiencies. The paper discovers that not all hate speeches are pragmatically hate-imbued, and that not all ‘sweet talks’ are made in the best interest of the target audience. This buttresses the witty belief of the Yoruba as a people that’ when two siblings of same mother engage in discourse that engenders bitterness, it is purported to be eventually beneficial to the two parties. The study has implication for dramatic ironies in the sense that an individual cannot offer more than he possesses, suggesting laxity not only in governance but also in education as demonstrated by grammatical errors in the comments of face book writers on issues of public interest. All these call for urgent remedy. The paper concludes on a note that supposedly hate-speeches should be taken as toe holders’ opinion meant for a better nation, and by extension a well-developed sub-Sahara Africa, just like the errors corrected to enhance the standardization of the written English of face book writers.
Keywords: hate speech, pragma-sociolinguistics, mis-governance, grammatical infelicities, implicature
THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN PROMOTING PEACE AND SECURITY IN NIGERIA: THE 21ST CENTURY OF THE GLOBAL PEACE AND SECURITY: AN APPRAISAL
*VEN EGESI JONATHAN .C; *EMENYONU IMMACULATE ADAKU; & **VEN. SIMEON DURUJI
*Department of General Studies, Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo – Ohaji. **Department of Religion and Cultural Studies, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri
Abstract
The global stage since the turn of this century has witnessed incessant unrest, crisis, chaos and what have you. Various interpretations have been given by scholars, experts and intellectuals as their root causes. Whichever one is the case. There is available evidence proving that the world population has almost doubled in recent times. This gave birth to various attendant challenges making the hand of the world leaders full. Crisis they say is inevitable, peace on the other hand, is not the absence of crisis . But what must be said above all things is that the attendant challenges rocking the world today are basically due to migration, increase in population and development cum modernization. Whatever be the case, language as an instrument has been there to provide a platform for dialogue in order to ensure there is at least relative peace. On the other hand, insecurity has been among the things posing great challenge to the world at large even at the moment. What is needed is dialogue and dialogue cannot take place in the absence of language. This research is engendered by the high rate of insecurity and incessant disturbances the world over. Various data collection techniques were used as the textbooks, journals, the newspapers, internet, and even the survey method. The Marxian paradigm was used as its theoretical underpinning, thereafter, summary, conclusion and recommendations followed.
Keywords: Language, Promoting, Peace, Security, Nigeria, 21st Century.
FLOODING MENANCE IN THE MILLENIUM ERA: SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE 2018 FLOODING ON UDABA COMMUNITY OF EDO STATE
ISERE, VICTORIA OSHUARE MERAB; & AKUVUO, JUDE OBIORA
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
Abstract
Following climate change and human activities, flooding remains a growing menace all over the world and the people of Udaba community of Etsako Central local government Area of Edo state, Nigeria are not spared. They have had some share of the flooding experience having had two bouts – 2012 and 2018 as at the time of this research; causing severe loss of crops and source of income. This study was done to further reveal the socio-economic impact of flooding on Udaba community alone. The original work covered Agbabu-Ekperi, Osomegbe and Anegbette. A sample size of 270 respondents was randomly selected among the residents of Udaba alone. The data so gathered was analyzed using SPSS. The findings revealed that flooding of these communities was caused by the heavy rains and the overflowing of the river Niger; the help rendered by government was inadequate; the impact of the flood was much because of lack of information concerning the movement of the flood and that the flood brought improved social cohesion to the people. The paper recommends among others that there be adequate and timely information sent to these communities and that government intensify interventions to permanently better the life of these people.
Keywords: flooding, Udaba, Etsako central, social, economic
CRISIS OF INSECURITY IN NIGERIA: EMPLOYING HUMINT AND SIGINT INTELLIGENCE TO FIGHTING BOKO HARAM MILITANTS IN NIGERIA
SUHAIBU MOHAMMED; & BABUGA HASSAN BELLO
Department of Social Studies, Shehu Shagari College of Education (SSCOE), Sokoto-Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper employs the structural functionalism to explain how integrating HUMINT and SIGNIT intelligence resources in the overall security apparatus of Nigeria will help douse the increasing insecurity challenges perpetrated by the Boko Haram insurgents. While the paper has successfully establish the limitations by adopting a qualitative case study without any reference to qualitative interviews to gather supportive data to augment the study’s findings. This research is concluded that future studies should focus not only on secondary data, they should also employ quantitative data and structured interviews to provide better and more reliable findings on this interesting subject. However, this paper recommended that the Nigerian security agencies should take a holistic approach to security, which means that intelligence gathering should be incorporated into the Nigerian security apparatus as much as deploying soldiers on the battlefield, it is that the Nigeria should invest heavily in signal intelligence, namely: aerial surveillance, GPS trackers, sophisticated telecommunication gadgets, and high-speed hardware and software computer devices to outcompete the enemy, in addition to training its intelligent agents; and that the Federal Government of Nigeria should end the endemic corruption that has crippled Nigerian institutions.
Keywords: Insecurity, Employing, Fighting, Boko Haram Militants, Nigeria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ON CALIPH ABUBAKAR ATIKU (1837-1842) OF SOKOTO CALIPHATE
YUSUF SARKINGOBIR 1; & ALIYU UMAR SHARU 2
1Department of Biology Shehu Shagari College of Education Sokoto, Nigeria 3Department of Islamic Studies, Shehu Shagari College of Education Sokoto, Nigeria
Abstract:
Shehu Danfodiyo established Sokoto Caliphate through strivings to clear innovations, and polytheism out of the Hausaland. He was the first commander of the faithful who received oaths of allegiance from his adherents. After him, successive caliphs followed. Every Caliph had his own specific role which he played. Atiku was the immediate successor of Muhammadu Bello of the Sokoto Caliphate. Atiku was selected after Bello and spent five years and months on the throne. Atiku was born at Dagel and raised during the critical time of the Shehu’s cause. He received formal education and had eyes in all sciences of Islam through his family and quasi. He had become a closer of Shehu during all his time. He was the reservoir of Shehu and protector of his secrets. He had performed in all the battles fought by the people of Shehu. His upbringing was a nature with good character and knowledge. A staunch upholder of truth and justice culminated due to his family nature, which earned him trust by Shehu and Bello. During the ill-health of Bello he served as his deputy and after his death he was selected by the Electoral College as substantive Caliph. After coming on board, he formulated and executed many policies to uphold the traces laid by Bello and to safeguard the integrity of the Caliphate. He left no year to pass without performing an expedition to consolidate the Caliphate; his attacks were mainly to clear the Gobirawa of Tsibiri and Maradi, Zamfarawa and Kabawa, who are still against the Caliphate. He ensured the abolishment of plays, singing, drumming and relations. He ensured the upheld of justice by checkmating the activities of the judges and courts and distributing wealth to his subjects. Laconically, his time was characterized with the laying of justice, Shariah and abolition of plays.
Keywords: Caliph Bello, Caliph Atiku, Sarkinn Musulmi, Sokoto Caliphate, justice
EFFECT OF BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY ON HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN COUNCIL, BORNO STATE.
ALHAJI MODU MAINA1 & ALHAJI UMAR MODU 2
Dept. of Business Administration & Management, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri.
Abstract
This study examined the Effect of Boko Haram Insurgency on Human Capital Development in selected Commercial Banks Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Borno State, Nigeria. . The population of the study is 198 respondents with a sample of 132. Data was collected using structured questionnaires administered to the respondents. The data collected was analysed with simple linear regression analysis. The major findings of the study reveals that there is significant effect of Boko Haram insurgency on employee level of productivity in selected commercial banks, there is significant effect of Boko Haram insurgency on employee attitude to work in commercial banks, and there is also significant effect of Boko Haram insurgency on employee turnover in commercial banks in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Borno State. The study concludes that Boko Haram insurgency affect the performance and manpower planning of the banks employees which lead to the lower productively because some of the employees had to leave for other safer places. Therefore, the study recommends that government should address the incessant attack by Boko Haram insurgency so as to improve the conceptual skills of the employees, banks should provide enabling environment with the provision of various incentives, such as risk allowance and excessive load allowance to prevent the employees from leaving the banks.
Keywords: Boko Haram Insurgency, Human Capital Development, Commercial Banks.
RELIGION AND POLITY AMONG PEOPLE IN YORUBA LAND/NIGERIA/AFRICA
MUSTAPHA, MULIKAT OLUWATOYIN (MRS.)
Department of Yoruba, School of Languages, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, P.M.B. 1010, Oyo
Abstract
The impact of religion can never be over-emphasized all in human endeavours because there are many religions in the world with different beliefs and practices. Religion is intertwined with socio-cultural, political and economic lives of every society. This paper focused on the impact of religion on politics (and vice versa) in Yorubaland and Nigeria/Africa. The objective of this essay is to investigate the relationship between religion and polity among the Yoruba people in Nigeria and Africa. Relevant concepts and the major religions among the Yoruba people were examined. Instances in which religion interferes with polity were across the various parts of the country were cited. On a final note, the impact of religion on leadership and political behaviours of the Yoruba people was explicitly discussed.
Keywords: Religion and Polity in Yoruba Land/Nigeria/ Africa
Pls supply us with cover design of this journal vol:20(6) June 2021, ISSN:2316-7989