SUB-SAHARA AFRICA JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCE (SJHSS)
Vol 14 (6) September, 2019. ISSN 2316-1989
Published by:
Sub-Sahara African Academic Research Publications,
Centre for African Development Studies, University of Ibadan,
P. O. Box 10108, U. I. Post Office. Ibadan Oyo State,
Nigeria, West-Africa.
Email: ssaapublications@gmail.com
MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. AND WORLD PEACE; FIGHT FOR JUSTICE AND FREEDOM
AHMED MUBARAK MASHI
Department of Political Science, Umaru Musa Yar’Adua University, Katsina
Abstract
This paper explores the contribution of Martin Luther King Jr. to world peace. The paper explores the speeches of King to illustrate his insight regarding world peace. Particularly, the paper focuses on the stance of King on the American role in Vietnam to illuminate his contribution to world peace. This paper is structured into seven sections. The first part is the introduction followed by an exploration of the concept of world peace, then a brief background of the life of King, his philosophies on non-violence, contributions to world peace, and the Vietnam war, this is followed by a critique of his contribution, a conclusion and references.
Keywords: World, Peace, Fight, Justice and Freedom.
MASS MEDIA COVERAGE OF DEVELOPMENT NEWS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
ANDERSON NIKADE, CHRISTIE U. OMEGO& CHRISTOPHER OCHONOGOR
Department of Linguistics and Communication Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
The place of the mass media in accelerating the development of the society and its people enjoys a global recognition. In the Nigerian context, the Nigerian media have been accused of neglecting community development initiatives. This study investigated the coverage of development news reports by journalists in Bayelsa State. The aim of the study was to comparatively investigate the challenges of development news reporting in urban and rural areas of Bayelsa State. The specific objectives of the study were, among others, to:evaluate patterns of development news reporting of urban and rural areas by journalists in Bayelsa State; and to find out the challenges of reporting development news events in urban and rural areas of Bayelsa State. The study was anchored on the Agenda-Setting theory. The investigation used the descriptivesurvey research design to undertake a census of the 320 registered journalists in Bayelsa State.Findings of the study showed that development news reports in the rural areas were significantlyneglected in favour of the urban areas. It was also found out that ownership interest was the leadingcause of neglect of development news reports in the urban and rural areas of Bayelsa State. Basedon these findings, the study recommended, among other things, that as part of their socialresponsibility and in keeping with ethical standard, journalists in Bayelsa State should strive toidentify development news sources in the rural communities and thatthe ownership of mediastations in Bayelsa State should put public interest above personal or parochial concerns.
Key Terms: Development News, Development News Reporting, Journalists in Bayelsa State, Mass Media, Rural and Urban Areas
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF POLITICAL THEORY IN CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL DISCOURSE: EXPLORING THE METHODOLOGICAL HARDCORE OF THE POLITICAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINE
*MUHAMMAD DAIYABU HASSAN PhD AND **ABDULRAHMAN DANGANA LUKMAN
*Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria ** International Relations and Strategic Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
ABSTRACT
Being regarded as the hardcore of political science discipline, this paper explored the significance of political theory in contemporary political discourse taken into cognizance its traditional and contemporary dimension. While the method used in the study is content analysis of predominantly secondary sources, the paper adopted the Systems Analysis to the study of Political Theory for proper analysis. Findings revealed that traditional political theory focuses on the history of political thought from the ancient Greek theorists to the present by looking at different historical, philosophical, institutional and legal aspects of politics. Contemporary political theory on the other hand focuses on developing the concepts and language as well as posting the relationships and defending the methodology that allows for testing claims about how political world turns. It reflects upon political phenomenon, processes and institutions and on actual political behaviour by subjecting it to philosophical or ethical criterion. Thus, political theory performs three main functions which include the description of political phenomenon, social criticism, and reconstruction of the political system through postulation of ideas and opinion. It concerned mainly with the fundamental problems of the state such as the rights and duties of citizens, the relationship between the citizens and the state, the role of civil society in an organized entity and the like. In other words, it focuses mainly with prescribing what is right and wrong, good and evil, the nature of an ideal state (justice and political stability), and the purpose of the universe or human life as well as evaluating the desirability of political actions or state of affairs.
Keywords: Political Theory, Political Philosophy, Political Science, Systems Analysis and Political Discourse.
RWANDA GENOCIDE AND THE ISSUE OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN AFRICA
*JIBRIN UBALE YAHAYA, PH.D **ABDULLAHI MUSA ZANGO
*Department of Political Sccience, Nasarawa State University, Keffi ** Student Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN).
ABSTRACT
The conflict in Rwanda has covers period of three months in 1994, an estimated five to eight hundred thousand people were killed as a result of civil war and genocide in Rwanda. Large numbers were physically and psycho-logically afflicted for life through maiming, rape and other trauma; over two million fled to neigh-boring countries and many of these peoples has become internally displaced within Rwanda and other neighboring countries. The agony and legacy of the violence has created suffering, economic loss and tension both inside Rwanda and in the Great Lakes Region during that time. For several years preceding the massive violence of 1994, the international community contributed to efforts to find a peaceful solution to escalating conflict and it provided substantial assistance to alleviate the human suffering. During the nine months of the emergency in 1994, April to December, international assistance for emergency relief to Rwandese refugees and displaced persons is estimated to have cost in to amount of US$1.4 billion, of which about one third was spent in Rwanda and two–thirds in asylum countries. The consequences of Rwanda conflict or violence has led to typically to the breakdown of legitimate institutions and governance, widespread suffering and massive population displacements, and they often involve and require a range of responses from the international community, including intense diplomacy and conflict resolution efforts, UN policing actions, and the provision of multilateral and bilateral humanitarian assistance by official and private agencies. The paper has the major findings that Rwanda’s conflict led to massive killing of hundred innocent citizens, secondly, media has become a tools for escalating violence during the Rwanda’s conflict, lastly the ethnicity syndrome become a significant for disintegrating the major groups of Hutu and Tutsi in Rwanda. The paper has recommended that African countries must employed priority to the Statehood than the considerations of ethnic affiliations and government at all level must provide measures for peaceful sustenance in the society rather than encouraging violence in the society.
Keywords: Conflict, Violence, Media, Peaceful living, Massive Killing.
ASSESSING THE TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS OF YOUTH MIGRATION IN NIGERIA
*BILYAMINU SULAIMAN MUHAMMED, Ph.D & **TIJJANI NAZIR ZANGO
*Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi **Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Umaru MusaYar’Adua University, Katsina.
Abstract
Migration of people from one place to another is not a recent phenomenon. However, the bourgeoning rate of young migrants is what continues to be the trend in this 21st Century and attracts a considerable global attention of governments and policy makers. The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs reported that young migrants aged 15-24 represents 28.2 million (12 per cent) of the total migrant population in 2013 alone. This study examines the Trends and implications of youth migration in Nigeria; it also examines international migration among Nigerians. The sources of data involve utilization of secondary data which include journal articles, Books, conferences and policy reports by International Organization for Migration, International Labour Organisation, media reports, and relevant academic papers. The paper finds that poor socioeconomic conditions in the rural communities occasioned by urban bias policies of government are some of the factors identified as Trends of youth migration. More so, continues conflicts and economic down turn was contributed to youth international migration to Europe, America and other countries. The implications include reduction of agricultural output, increase on criminality in the urban areas and receiving countries of Nigerian migrants. The paper recommends that Government should redirect its development policies towards rural development by putting in place basic social amenities that will improve the living standard of the rural dwellers, create job opportunities for the youth and equal opportunities in the Governance.
Key words: Migration, Youth, Trend, Implication, Nigeria.
EVALUATION OF THE NEW GLOBAL DEFINITION OF THE SOCIAL WORK PROFESSION: A STRENGTH BASE PERSPECTIVE FOR A GENERALIST PRACTICE IN NIGERIA
LWAHAS BENJAMIN
Department of Social Development School of Administration and Business Studies Plateau State Polytechnic, Heipang, Barkin Ladi
ABSTRACT
How can the social work institutionalization and professionalization dialogue be negotiated? Especially in between opposing traditional, cultural and local practices against modern and global ideological dispositions in other to strengthen between the professional and academic world in Nigeria, and begin to contribute to the production and practice knowledge development as the most successful experiences that can inform new curricula for the future capable of sustainable development in Nigeria’s democratic process? This paper engages in examining the strategies from a strength base perspective that can bring the two worlds of democracy and this noble helping profession as it were with theory and practice closer in a systematic reflection on social work action as a type of life giving and helping profession to new interpretations born in this academic work for a generalist approach. The paper put itself forward on the fundamental academic premise that, when critical social work is activated by systemic imaginations, it would be a function of a structural deconstruction of social work that resonates with informed position of structural processes of social change and social problems. It discussed that this reality is made manifest in the new global definition of the profession. The paper drew an implicit conclusion in this new development that are actionable with its implication for social work in practice in Nigeria if social work in Nigeria as an academic discipline posited by the new shade of opinion in the definition has changed. How is social work affected away from a problem solving towards social cohesion and how does social work’s mandate and contribution to society change if respect for diversity and indigenous knowledge are now given central emphasis to paid occupation. While social work build the linkages between global trends and realities and local community responses social work practitioners increasingly recognize the regional and global connections in their work but still raise questions as to what international social work has to do with social work in their locales. It presents the generalist approach as the probable and possible way out for this conundrum. People suffer from social deprivation that is supposed to be egalitarian, wrapped in Nigeria’s democratic process and principle is that, all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities. This is that which the new global definition anchored as its strength base strand. While social work is changing globally, it seems installed in Nigeria in a time and lag cultural or practice that makes it culturally incompetent when compare to global best practice. The paper recommended a generalist approach in helping all need/client groups and Social workers in Nigeria unable to work generically because of the poor nature and scope of social work covering the international association of practice as some possible way out for Nigerian social workers
Keywords: New Global Definition of the Social Work, Profession, Generalist Practice and Strength Base Perspective
ASSESSING ADMINISTRATIVE LAWS AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE
AHMED HAMIDU MAIHA & BANSON PWAPWAT
Department of Public Administration, College of Administrative and Business Studies, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola
Abstract
Today governance entails a lot responsibility. This is such because, with the increase in human population, advancement in technology and development, the needs and wishes of citizens have increased and the roles of government in society have increased correspondingly. Administrative law which refers to a branch of our law which vest power in administrative agencies, impose certain requirements on the agencies in the exercise of powers and provides remedies against unlawful administrative acts remain a subject of intellectual inquiry. This paper therefore, attempts to assess administrative law as an instrument of good governance in Nigeria. Special focus is put on the relevance, sources, agencies and powers exercised under administrative law. The paper also provides a preview on good governance, democracy, and democratic governance and the challenges of good governance in a constitutional state like Nigeria.
Keywords: Administrative law, good governance, constitutional law, government agencies, democracy and democratic governance.
COMBATING THE MENACE OF SEXUAL IMMORALITIES IN THE NIGERIA’S HIGHER INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING: THE SOCIAL & LEGAL OUTLOOKS
SALEH ABDULLAHI, ESQ., & BAKOJI ZUBAIRU HAMMA, ESQ.,
Both of A. D. Rufa’i College for Legal and Islamic Studies, Misau, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT:
This article: “Combating the Menace of Sexual Immoralities in the Nigeria’s Higher Institutions of Learning: the Social and Legal Outlooks” is aimed at proffering socio-legal ways of curtailing or completely curbing the alarmingly rampant rate of illicit sex among the opposite genders that comprise students, lecturers, administrative staff and general public, particularly in connection with the Nigeria’s tertiary institutions of learning. The term sexual immorality is not explicitly defined by the Nigerian laws despite numerous occurrences; hence, it is only left for judicial interpretations to determine its scope. The term can also amount to the offence of adultery under the Nigerian Penal Laws, as it is also ordained a religious sin by both Nigeria’s major religions of Islam and Christianity. In the latter religion, it is one of the cardinal sins in the ten (10) commandments. Islam also considers what is in Arabic called “Zina” –which comprises both adultery (by a married couple) and fornication (involving an unmarried person) as forming part of the major sins (Al-kaba’ir) alongside associating a partner with Allah (Shirk), committing unjustified murder, brigandage, deliberate alcohol drinking or related intoxicants, etc. Nevertheless, sexual immorality will have to be tackled and curbed, both socially and legally, in order to uphold the dignity of women and men in all walks of life, particularly in Nigeria’s higher institutions of learning. To address this topic, rules, cases and relevant literature were as well as religious ordinations examined. It is gathered from numerous researchers that, it is one of the dimensions of workplace and tertiary institutions’ insecurities faced by employees, students and administrative staff, who suffer one form of sexual violence and harassment or another as condition of employment or study benefits, ranging from unwanted sexual remarks or related sex gestures, fondling/grabbing sensitive body parts, sex favour, unwilling sexual intercourse and rape occasioned by money enticement and intimidation using the position of power and force to import sexual requirements and contend with sexual demands. The study concludes that comprehensive legislation is wanting in Nigeria with attendant policies proscribing with punitive measures the instances of immoralities and adequate implementation mechanisms. Societal enlightenment campaigns and preaching by religious clergymen against sexual immoralities will also help in no small measure. To these effects, even if the implementation of the laws and societal re-orientation may not totally resolve the problem of sexual immoralities in the higher institutions, it will definitely keep it in check.
Keywords: Sex, immorality, higher institutions, Nigeria, solutions and legal perspectives.
REARTICULATING CORRUPTION: AN ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED NEWSPAPERS’ NARRATIVES ON ATIKU ABUBAKAR’S STRATEGIC FOREIGN TRIPS
ONIFADE, OLUWAFEMI SUNDAY* AND ABATI, MOBOLAJI OLUWASEUN
*Department of Mass Communication Federal Polytechnic Bauchi; **Department of Mass Communication, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro
Abstract
This study examines the perennial association of Nigeria’s former vice president, Atiku Abubakar to corruption in the Nigerian public sphere. The study traces his political career from his retirement from the Nigerian Customs to his last outing as the presidential candidate of the People’s Democratic Party in the 2019 presidential election. Using the framework of the Agenda Setting theory, the study examines the role of the media in the public perception of Atiku Abubakar vis-à-vis his corruption perception index. Due to the acclaimed relationship between media and politics, the study takes a closer look at the underlining political motives that drive the agenda and coloration of reports on the relationship between Atiku Abubakar and corruption in the Nigerian media space. The method used for this close examination is Critical Discourse Analysis. Two newspapers were purposively selected and one report was purposively selected from each newspaper for the analysis. Findings from the study show that both newspapers served as unofficial channels for the promotion of the interests of their principals and the denigration of their principals’ opponents. Both of them reduced governance to the ability or inability of an individual to visit a foreign country.
Keywords: Corruption, Nigerian Newspapers, Agenda Setting, Power Relations, Atiku Abubakar.
POLITICAL PARTIES IN A DEMOCRATIC NIGERIA: UNDERSTANDING APC AND PDP
*SIRAJO ADO JAHUN *INUWA ABDU IBRAHIM **HUSSEINI ADAMU HUSSEINI
*Public Administration Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi **General Studies Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
Abstract
Political parties play two important roles in a political process; they form a government or they serve as opposition. The paper looks at the role of APC and PDP in consolidating democracy in Nigeria. This journal article is an attempt at analyzing secondary data towards carrying out a qualitative-conceptual research. It evaluates the significance of political parties in developing society and the state. The article asserts that political parties in Nigeria lack true ideology. They are lacking as opposition parties when out of power and suppress opposition when in power. Part of the recommendations is political parties must be based on true belief (ideology) and consists of members that truly believe in the party’s ideology. These will ensure political parties play their rightful roles in a democratic Nigeria.
Keywords: Democracy, Ideology, Nigeria, Political parties,
CONSTRUCTION OF GREETINGS IN OLA ROTIMI’ THE GODS ARE NOT TO BLAME
ODEKUNBI SUNDAY KEHINDE
The College of Education, Lanlate, Oyo State
Abstract
Greeting is very important in the Yoruba culture, but its actual realization is beyond the routine expectation of the interactants as its pragmatic contexts play significant roles in its natural and mediated constructions. Most of the existing studies on greetings are based largely on the socio-cultural and institutional dimensions to the phenomenon within the ambits of sociolinguistics, discourse analysis (including aspects of literary discourse), pragmatics and stylistics; they do not largely examine the socio-pragmatic mechanisms of greetings in dramatic works influenced by the Yoruba culture, particularly, Ola Rotimi’s The gods are not to blame with abundant instances of greetings. This study is out to consider the construction of greetings in Ola Rotimi’s The gods are not to blame with the purpose of identifying the greeting types in it, examining the speech functions the greetings are used to perform as well as accounting for their contextual implications. The choice of Ola Rotimi’s The gods are not to blame was informed by its groundedness in Yoruba cultural contents, particularly the greeting culture. All the greetings in the play were subjected to pragmatic analysis. Two types of greetings, namely culture-informed greeting which bifurcates into routine and culture- constrained greetings, and situation-informed greetings, are discovered in the play. The greetings in the play are constructed both verbally (i.e. spoken, as in ‘I greet the elders of our land’) and non-verbally which is sex-determined/ status-dictated (i.e., chiefs squatting, males prostrating and females kneeling). Using the theory of pragmatic acts, it is discovered that the greetings in the play pract, among others, respecting, encouraging, apologizing, consoling, prodding, attracting insulting and challenging.
Keywords: Greeting, culture-informed, culture-constrained, situation-informed and pragmatic acts.
CONFLICT AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN ORGANISATIONS
MAIMUNA BULAMA
Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the causes, effects, types and methods of managing conflicts in organizations. The methods of managing conflicts are multiple, depending on the nature of the causes that lead to the conflict. Any organization, regardless of its type (public institution, state owned commercial organizations or private non-profit organizations, etc.,) face daily conflicts that are based on different causes. Conflicts cannot be avoided since it is an inevitable aspect of work teams. However, the results of conflicts are not predetermined. This is a conceptual paper which relies heavily on journal articles, textbooks, newspapers, magazines, and observations for reviews and findings. The study found out that conflicts occur in organizations as a result of competition for scarce of resources, organizational ambiguities, breakdown in communication, difference in personalities, etc. The study also discovered that conflict might escalate and lead to non productive results, or it can be beneficially resolved which might be of benefit to the organization. It is therefore the prime responsibility of management to put in place appropriate strategies on how minimize conflicts in the workplace. This study contributes to the body of existing literature; specifically, it will inspire managers to develop appropriate strategies on how to manage conflicts in their organizations effectively. It was recommended that managers should be able to identify the causes of workplace conflicts and also be able to apply the right and appropriate conflict resolution method suitable to the situation at any given time.
Keywords: Organizational conflict, Interpersonal conflict, Intrapersonal conflict, Intragroup conflict, Intergroup conflict
CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN CHRISTIAN FAITH TODAY
WADAM Z.S
Department of Christian Religious Studies, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi State.
ABSTRACT
The paper examines the effectiveness of family planning whether or not family planning is in existence in Christian homes. It also identified the implications of family planning and corrects wrong views of family planning, as well as, examines the cultural views of family planning. The second issue raised in this paper is rapid abortion in Christian family in the contemporary Christian era. Abortion refers to, as the termination of pregnancy, as a result of that many women suffers chronic pelvic distress and appreciable lost of lives has resulted from such infection, are as follows: loss of lives, infertile, unstable marriage, earning disrespect. Abortion is a serious crime to God. Those women who have not yet tried abortion should not do so, religious leader should make necessary arrangement to educate their members on family planning and the dangers of abortion, in Christian families.
Keywords: Contemporary, Issues, Christian, Faith., Today.
OIL MINING LEASE (OML): AN EXAMINATION OF THE RIGHTS OF HOLDERS IN NIGERIA’S OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
ABDULRASHEED ISAH BARAU1, GARBA DANLAMI1, HASSAN AND HABILA ISA BARAU2
1Lecturer, A. D Rufa’I College for Legal and Islamic Studies, Misau, Bauchi State. 2Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Bauchi State University, Gadau, Bauchi State.
ABSTRACT
Petroleum and petroleum resources play a significant role in the Nigerian economy. Hence the saying that Nigerian economy is oil based economy. Nigeria is one of the largest oil endowed and exporter of petroleum in Africa. For any person to have the right to explore or prospect or carry on any petroleum exploration activity, he has to acquire one of the instruments of authorisation, otherwise the activity is an offence and punishable by law. One of such instrument is the oil mining lease which confers on the lessee the exclusive right within the leased area to conduct exploration and prospecting operations and to win, get, work, store, carry away, transport, export or otherwise treat petroleum discovered in or under the leased area. This paper has considered in detail, mining lease, procedure of obtaining a mining licence and the rights that flow with the acquisition of an oil mining lease.
EXAMINATION OF AL-HUKM AL-WAD’I (DECLARATORY LAW) UNDER THE SHARI’AH LEGAL SYSTEM
SABO KARABI GIADE
A.D.Rufa’i College for Legal and Islamic Studies, P.M.B. 004 Misau, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
This write up is aimed at having a thorough examination of the rules of shari’ah pertaining to HUKM or rules which in the bases of understanding the rules as to whether they are obligatory, recommended, prohibited, disapproved or permitted. The HUKM or rule can be perceived in two different categories as HUKM At-Taklifi (a rule that demand, prohibit or give option) and Hukm Al-wadi (explain the relationship between the different obligatory rules) it will therefore be observed that Hukm Taklifi requires the performance of an act from a mukallaf (subject law) prohibiting him or giving him option while Hukm wad’i is not concerned about that, but it borders on the fact that doing a particular act is a condition for another thing to happen or it prevents a particular rule to take effect. Example, presence of witnesses or payment of dowry is a condition for marriage contract.
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION STRATEGIES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION FOR AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: THE BACKGROUND EXPERIENCE OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
DR IBRAHIM ZUBAIRU
Educational Psychology Department, Federal College Of Education, Zaria
ABSTRACT
Inclusive education, from the view point of educational psychologist is a carefully designed system of education for children with special needs so that they can reach their optimum potentials in terms of development. Recent developments in educational system lead to the inquiries such as whether the design is actually implemented accordingly or not. The paper discusses inclusive education strategies in early childhood from the perspective of educational psychology and its impact on the realization of sustainable development in Nigeria and Africa. It explained it as a concept that views children with disabilities as true full time participants and members of their neighborhood schools and communities. That inclusive school is a place where everyone belongs is accepted, supported of having his or her educational needs met. The question of whether inclusive education in Nigeria is practiced the same way and manner to reflect the reality as any other advanced countries or is just a myth has been addressed by the paper. One of the obstacles discovered is the fact that although it is practiced, not every level of education (primary or secondary) does it well. The paper went on to make some recommendations for improvement in order to meet up with the projections of education for all (EFA), as well as that of the millennium development goal which will lead to the realization of the basic objectives of sustainable development. To achieve those, some important recommendations were made. One of such recommendations is that human rights organizations should take a lead to pressurize for the proper implementation, since inclusive education is the right of all children, (normal and exceptional).
CONFLICTS, MASS MEDIA, AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: THE NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVE.
USMAN ABDULLAHI ISAH AND SAGIR LAWAL ISYAKU
Department of Mass Communiations Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic, Kazaure, Jigawa State.
Abstract
This study has examined the extent to which the mass media serves as instrument of escalation, generation and de-escalation of conflicts in Nigeria and the consequent effects of the role of the mass media in the development of the country as a whole. Secondary sources of data were the main method employed in the collection of data. The study examined critically news reports and analysis, editorials, advertorials and special columns’ contents of some newspapers and news magazines. Also radio broadcasts, television news and International News Agencies’ reports on conflicts were examined. From the analysis, the paper showed that the role of the mass media during period of conflict contribute immensely to the escalation of these conflicts which consequently affected the socio-economic development of Nigeria in particular and the nation at large. In addition, the paper established that even in some instances when conflicts arose as a result of other factors, they usually assumed religious colourations thus making them intractable. The study therefore recommends a paradigm shift in conflict reportage by the mass media in order to play down the situations rather than escalating them.
Keywords: Conflicts, Mass, Media, National. Development.
CHALLENGES IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF ENGLISH AS SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE 21ST CENTURY: DIMENSION IN ERROR AND CONTRASTIVE ANALYSES.
CHRIS J D MICHAEL
Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Bali
Abstract
In spite of the explosive growth in the global use of English, researchers in the field have failed to establish a synergistic channel that can propel its teaching cum learning forward well into the 21 st century. The use of English in Nigeria cut across all fronts. It is in fact the pivot of the educational field given that the means of interaction (instruction and communication) in this field is English. Language teaching and learning is faced with myriads of challenges. This paper is of the view that though the challenges in the teaching of English as a second language are multifaceted; the teacher is faced with challenges arising from the actual teaching process. It is suggested that effective teaching strategies cum methods which encompasses modern approaches to learning, error and contrastive analysis be employed to help remedy weaknesses in the learning process.
Keywords- Challenges, Teaching, Learning, Second Language, Century, Dimension, Error, Contrastive Analysis.
SOCIAL STUDIES AS A TOOL FOR PROMOTING SECURITY EDUCATION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
*OYESIKUN JOSHUA OYEKALE (Ph.D) *AKINOLA DAVID BABATUNDE (Ph.D) AND **UMAR BASHIRU BAKO (Ph.D)
*Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Educational, University of Abuja, Abuja. **Department of Social Studies, School of Arts and Social Science, Niger State College of Education, Minna.
Abstract
The position of this paper is that security is highly instrumental to development in human society. That notable development can only be attained in a situation of adequate security. The paper further discusses the concept of national security, security education, sustainable development and social studies education. The content areas of security education intrinsic in social studies education are highlighted, while some security problems of individuals and of the nation are stated in question form. The paper does not only presents some strategies for global sustainable security, but it also explains how security could be taught through social studies. Finally the paper concludes that security is indispensable to sustainable development. It is therefore, recommended that security should be given adequate attention because of its “leakage-effects” and to complement this, individuals should be made to eschew all manifestations of insecurity in order to maintain and sustain already achieved development and to crave for more. Avoiding insecurity is the greatest form of security.
Keywords: Social Studies Education, National Security, Security Education and Sustainable Development.
EFFECTS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON LEADERSHIP
1BABA SHUWA GONI & 2DANJUMA ABUBAKAR UMAR
1Department of Business Administration and Management, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri. 2Department of Industrial and Labour Relations, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri.
Abstract
Emotional Intelligence is important for success in work and in life. Moreover, managing interpersonal skills and collective enterprise bridge leadership and emotional intelligence. It is against this background that the article examined the “Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Leadership”. The methodology employed was the secondary source of data collection. The justification for the adoption of the secondary source was to help us to have a better focus and a better appreciation and understanding of emotional intelligence and leadership. Thus, emotional intelligence is a key to addressing organisational problems and challenges and that it would enable leaders and followers alike to have a good interpersonal relationship.
FAMILY SIZE, CHILD UPBRINGING AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
AKUVUO JUDE OBIORA
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria.
AbstractThe family is the basic unit of every human society. A child’s behavior depends on the functionality of the family. The essence of this paper is to determine the extent the family influences the child’s performance and upbringing. The study was carried out in Auchi town of Edo state, using a sample of 114 families. Questionnaire method was used in collecting data; t-test was used to obtain results, chi-square test, p-test, R-square at 5% Significance level. The result revealed that the family size of family has no significant effect on the child’s academic performance but however, there is remarkable difference between complete parent and single parent in the area of upbringing of a child. We therefore recommended that, parents should put away their differences and stick together and bring up family. The National women commission and women league should mount family support programs that will promote family life, enhance parental practices and plan families among others.
Keywords: child’s upbringing, R-square, t-test, performance, family, extended family.
FEAR OF RETRENCHMENT AND WORKERS’ COMMITMENT TO SELECTED BANKS IN IBADAN, OYO STATE NIGERIA
NGOZI EDITH IYOHO
Social policy Department, Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER) Ibadan, Oyo- State. Nigeria.
Abstract
Workers retrenchment has been widely practised within the banking sector and the trend has made the bank workers regard their jobs as unfitting due to insecurity of tenure. This study examined the fear of retrenchment and workers’ commitment to selected banks in Ibadan. Organizational Justice Theory and Neo-Liberalism theory were employed. A cross-sectional survey was the research design and quantitative and qualitative methods were employed. Multistage sampling technique was adopted, the sample size consisted of 280 bank workers, and 12 management bank workers were for In-depth Interviews, The quantitative data were analysed using the statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS), while the results were presented on tables and interpreted by the use of simple percentages, pie chart and bar charts. The result collected indicated that 56.4% of the respondent strongly agreed that years of service is part of the reasons for retrenchment. 63.6% strongly agreed that inefficiency is also the reasons for bank retrenchment, 50.8% strongly agreed that incapability of staff is also a reason for retrenchment 80.8% agreed that redundancy can cause retrenchment, 56.8% strongly agreed that gross misconduct is also the reasons for bank workers retrenchment, 100% agreed that misappropriation is one of the major reasons for retrenchment of employees, The result also showed that 100% agreed that government policies and economic recession are significant reasons for retrenchment exercise. Hence, this study concludes that notification of the retrenchment process should be properly disseminated to the workers as to reduce persistent fear, worry and anxiety and lack of workers’ commitment. The study suggested among others that, initiating the methods that will boost workers’ level of commitment is necessary since commitment influenced turnover intent, this would benefit bank management as well as employees and also boost employees’ commitment.
Keywords: Retrenchment, Fear, Banks, Commitment, Employees, Survivors.