SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT (SJECM)
VOL 19 (4) MARCH, 2021 ISSN: 2292-7733
Published by:
Sub-Sahara African Academic Research Publications,
Centre for African Development Studies, University of Ibadan,
P. O. Box 10108, U. I. Post Office. Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria, West-Africa.
Email: ssaapublications@gmail.com
PAPERS:
AN EVALUATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS AFFECTING MATERNAL HEALTHCARE IN OKENE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA.
*ADENYUMA, MERCY OVAIOZA, ** MUNDI RHODA, *** DAKYES S.P.
*Department of Geography & Environmental Management University of Abuja, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria.**Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Abuja, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria.***Department of Geography & Environmental Management University of Abuja, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria.
Abstract
Maternal health is globally an issue or concern because the existence of human population largely depends on it. It is in this view that this study sought to assess socio-cultural factors that influence maternal healthcare in Okene local government area of Kogi state by identifying the belief, norms, ways of life and values of the people and how it affects maternal healthcare in the study area. This research used semi structured questionnaire and focus group discussion (FGD) for data collection from 379 sample of women in the childbearing age (15-49) using the Krejcie& Morgan (1970) formula. This study found that the belief of women in traditional medicine is responsible for their patronage of traditional birth attendants which indirectly increases their health risks during pregnancy. This research also found that the people operate a patriarchal societal way of life where it is found that more than half of the respondents about 55% have to seek the consent of their husbands first in matters concerning their health. This study also recommends need for training and retraining of TBAs by encouraging them to develop more skills to assist delivery and also to make early referrals in case of complication during childbirth.
Keywords: maternal health, childbirth, healthcare, socio-cultural factors.
AN ANALYSIS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE COMPOSITION IN GOMBE-METROPOLIS.
*ISAH, MOHAMMED, **AHMED, CHINEDE ABDULLAHI, ***ISTIFANUS, VICTOR, & ****ADAMU, SANI JAURO,
*,**&***Department of Environmental Management Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.****Department Of Planning, Research & Statistics, Ministry of Environment & Forest Resources, Pmb 0188 Gombe (Moenv.Gm.Gov.Ng), Gombe State, Nigeria.
Abstract
An analysis of municipal solid waste composition was carried out around GOSEPA and INEX cleaners’ dumpsites in Gombe metropolis. The municipal solid waste samples collected were characterized using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D5231), the result of the composition analysis shows that at INEX cleaners dumpsite spoiled organic food materials had the highest value of 36.00%, while metal, paper, and soil had the least value of 0.83; 2.05; 2.7, while that of GOSEPA dumpsite indicated that agriculture waste had the highest value of 41.00%, paper, soil and metals had the least value of 0.71; 1.20; 1.43. This research recommends an assessment to determine the energy generating potentials of the solid waste in Gombe metropolis for renewable energy production. The research further recommend the establishment of Gombe fertilizing blending plant by the State government that uses municipal solid waste as a raw material, so as to harness the quantum of municipal solid waste that are being generated in the metropolis, as well as other LGAs of the State to boost agricultural production for the attainment of food security.
Keywords: An Analysis of, Composition in, Gombe Metropolis, Municipal Solid Waste.
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF HOUSING QUALITY ON RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCY DURATION IN MINNA NIGERIA
*JAAFARU IBRAHIM AKIBU, **PROF O.A KEMIKI, ‑***ZAKARI DODO USMAN AND HAMZA ABDULLAHI NAUZO
*,**&****Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology Minna. ***Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru.
ABSTRACT
One of the essential requirements of life aside food and consumer goods is shelter that protects world from the tough components of weather; provide a way of non-public security and privacy. United Nations Sustainable Development Goals as well as other International Organisations’ treaties some as far back in the 1940’s recognised the human right to adequate and affordable housing. The study assesses Effect of Housing Quality on Residential Occupancy Duration in Minna, Nigeria. The study adopts both quantitative and qualitative research approach and data collected for the study was through open and close ended questionnaire. A convenient sampling method was use to select 861 household within the neighbourhood with 229 for F-Layout, 343 for Tunga and 289 for Sabongari. A simple random sampling technique was use to administer the questionnaire. Data collected where analysed using descriptive table and charts while a spearman’s correlation was used to test the relationship housing quality and tenancy duration. Findings reveal that physical condition and socio environmental conditions are the major predictors of tenancy choice while an upward progression of housing quality. The study reveals a positive correlation between housing quality predicting occupancy duration. In conclusion, the need for quality housing cannot be overlooked as this must be considered while making choice of housing, therefore it is recommended that physical, social and environmental conditions of household should be considered topmost when carrying out any construction/improvements. Also, it is recommended that the need for owners of properties/developers and users be educated on the importance of providing basic infrastructure and sustainable maintenance culture.
Keywords: Assessing, Effect, Housing, Quality, Residential Occupancy.
AN ASSESSMENT OF HOUSEHOLD AWARENESS AND WILLINGNESS TO PARTICIPATE IN E-WASTE MANAGEMENT IN ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL (AMAC), FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA.
*RITA ADENIKE OLAOMI, **ADAMU TANKO OGAH
Department of Geography, Nasarawa State University Keffi (NSUK)
Abstract
This study investigated awareness levels and knowledge amongst households in the Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja (Nigeria). The stratified random sampling technique was adopted for this study on which basis settlements were grouped into four strata: urban; peri-urban; satellite towns and rural. Four settlements per category were randomly selected using the ballot method of random sampling technique. The settlements in the urban category include; Asokoro, Garki, Wuse and Maitama, in the same vein that of the Peri-urban category include; Gwarinpa, Jabi, Life-camp and Karu, also the settlements in the satellite towns include; Galadimawa, Lugbe, Gwagwa and Karmo, while that of the rural areas include; Gosa, Kurumduma, Ketti and Iddo. The Taro Yamane sample size determination formula was employed to determine the sample size for the study and the sample size derived from the formula was 400, this was used to generate the data for the study. Furthermore, the systematic sampling was used to administer four hundred questionnaires to selected Households to sample their views on e-waste management in the study area, the questionnaires used for data collection were coded in SPSS Version 16 to ease analysis. The data obtained from the field were analyzed using frequencies and percentages, also the student’s t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test the hypothesis formulated for the study. Findings from the study revealed no significant differences between the mean score of male (1.4467; 0.49818 SD) and female (1.5000; SD 0.50161) regarding willingness of respondents to participate in e-waste management according to their socio-economic characteristics, while, results showed a significant differences between the mean score of male (1.3484; SD 0.47743) and female (1.3077; SD 0.46302) respondents regarding their awareness of e-waste. Furthermore, the one-way ANOVA test showed significant differences at alpha level 0.05 between the awareness and willingness of respondents to participate in e-waste management according to their educational levels, marital status, as well as age. It was therefore recommended that educational interventions on sound e-waste management in the Abuja Municipal Area Council, along with a systematic analysis of how policy interventions such as the extended producer responsibility schemes can be designed for effective e-waste management and recycling amongst all stakeholders.
Keywords: e-waste; awareness; willingness; disposal; and households.
MOTIVATING FACTORS AND BARRIERS OF INNOVATION IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
*I. A. AWODELE; **A.T. OGUNTOLU; ***U.U. DURU; ****C.N. BAYWOOD***; AND S.I. EGWUNATUM***
*Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. **Department of Quantity Surveying, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria. 3Department of Surveying and Geo informatic, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The construction industry has of recent been blamed for lack of innovation. This is believed to be responsible for the decreasing or stagnant levels of productivity in the industry in comparison with other industries. This study seeks to appraise drivers and barriers to innovation in Nigeria construction industry. Data on factors that propel and hinder innovation were obtained through Questionnaires administered to 100 construction professionals. Mean item score (MIS) was used to analyse drivers and barriers of construction innovation and demographic response of the respondents was through percentile. The findings of the study revealed that ‘Need for improved performance is the greatest drivers with Lack of Technical knowhow and shortage of fund as the most critical barriers of innovation in Nigeria. It is concluded that company or organisation should include innovation as one of their main objectives and that construction professionals should be sent on periodic training. Besides, adequate funding should be devoted for such purpose.
Keywords: innovation, construction professionals, construction industry, productivity, performance.
ASSESSMENT OF PROCUREMENT RISKS IN FIRS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN NIGERIA
*HUSSAINI ZUBAIRU; & **IBRAHIM SAIDU
*&**Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Minna
Abstract:
The procurement system practiced by the FIRS is constantly challenged with the problems of fraudulent practices, inefficiencies, lack of transparency, professionalism, and non-adherence to procurement code of ethics. This study assessed the procurement related risks in FIRS building construction projects in Nigeria with a view to minimising the problems of fraudulent practices. The study adopted a quantitative approach using structured questionnaires, which were randomly distributed to clients, procurement officers, contractors and consultants of FIRS building projects. The collected data was analysed using percentile, frequencies and Relative Importance Index. The study categorised risks in FIRS procurement into five major groups and found the important risks factors under each group. The top risks factors under ‘Fraud’ were: Kick back, shadow vendors, changes in the bids after formal receipt, suspicion about conflict of interest, and conspiracy amongst bidders. The top risks factors under ‘transparency problems’ were: dishonesty and lack of openness of staff to bidders, non-adherence to award criteria, and improper advertisement of proposal requests. The top risks under ‘competitiveness problems’ were: lack of competition among tenderers and limited issuance of eligibility forms. On the overall, the top procurement related risks were: Kick back, lack of cost effective tenders among the bidders, shadow vendors, changes in the bids after formal receipt, and suspicion about conflict of interest. It is recommended that a system of checks and balances is put in place in FIRS project to forestall the inherent corruption. Also, contractors and consultants with integrity should be engaged in FIRS projects.
Keywords: Public building, Procurement Risk, Risk management, and FIRS
DETERMINISTIC INFLUENCE OF QUALITY OF VALUATION REPORTING AND RELIABILITY OF VALUATION CONTENT ON USERS SATISFACTION.
*KALU JOSEPH UFERE; **HABU BABA AND ***JOSEPHAT CHRISTOPHER
*,**&***Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study assessed deterministic effect of valuation quality and reliability on end-users’ satisfaction, a case study of Yola, Adamawa State; with a view to enhancing the acceptability of property valuation services. The study adopted a quantitative research approach with descriptive survey design. The instrument adopted for data collection is questionnaires, purposive sampling method was employed for sample selection based on those fit as an end-user of valuation services. A total number of sixty three members of staff at the management cadre, including Heads of Operation and Account officers in financial institutions in Yola is the sample frame. The multiple regression analysis (MRA) was used in determining the effects of quality of valuation reporting and reliability of valuation content on end-users’ satisfaction with valuation services.. The study found that the independent variables of quality of valuation reporting and reliability of valuation content was responsible for 73% of end-users’ satisfaction with significant at P < .000. Furthermore the quality reporting of valuation having the advantage of conveying clearly the substance of value and the process that led to the professional opinion, had the highest deterministic effect on users’ satisfaction, followed by reliability of valuation content. Hence the need for professionals to do due diligence in reporting valuation services. This research recommended that the valuers need to meticulously adhere to the professional guideline for valuation reporting and based their professional opinion of value on dependable market data. Assumptions and special assumption and Nature and source of information relied upon.
NIEGHBOURHOOD CHARACTERISTICS AND I’TS IMPACT ON RENTAL VALUES OF RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES IN MINNA, NIGERIA.
*SHUAIBU MOHAMMED NASIR; **MUHAMMAD BASHAR NUHU; ***ZAKARI DODO USMAN; & ****INUWA MOHAMMED DANLAMI
*&**Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna. ***&***Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru.
ABSTRACT
The study examines the impact of neighbourhood characteristics on rental values of residential properties; this has over the decade been a major topic of discussion in the global housing market. This situation emanated as a result of the multi –dimensional bundle of services and a bundle of contradictions and paradoxes that housing is known for. The study aimed at examining the impact of neighbourhood characteristics on rental values of residential properties in Minna, Nigeria and the objectives were (i) to assess the adequacy of the identified neighbourhood characteristics in the study area,(ii) To examine the current rental values of the class of residential property in the study area. and (iii) to examine the relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and rental values of residential properties. However, the methodology adopted was the use of a structured questionnaire with closed ended questions to extract data from 621 randomly administered questionnaire across the three categories of residential properties. The data were subjected to the use of both descriptive (frequency table, and a 5 point likert scale) and inferential (chi-square) statistical analysis. Results from the analysis revealed that rental values of residential properties in F-lay out are higher than that of the residential properties in Tunga low cost, and the rent in Bosso neighbourhood is relatively higher than that of Tunga low cost respectively, this is in relation to the variation in the quality of neighbourhood characteristics in these areas respectively. In order not to have a wide disparity of rental values that emerges among similar categories of residential properties within the same market, it is therefore recommended that the government should undertake an aggressive infrastructural facilities development, particularly in the high density areas and to also improve the number and quality of the existing amenities in the low and medium density areas.
Keywords: Effect, Nieghbourhood, Residential, Property and values.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR EFFICIENCY LOSSES IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN NIGERIA
*LOYA, Osusha Samuel and ANIFOWOSE, **Opeyemi Maroof (PhD)
*Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria **Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The construction industry is the economic prime mover of nations and it influences and propels infrastructural provision and development. Labour Efficiency losses on construction works have denied the reaping of the full benefits of the industry; as it has led to cost and time overruns, poor quality, claims and disputes. This study adopts exploratory factor analysis to analyse the factors responsible for efficiency losses in construction projects in Abuja, Nigeria. The data gathered through the self-administration of questionnaires using simple random sampling techniques, were analysed using Percentages, frequencies and factor analysis (FA). The study found that the major cluster of factors responsible for efficiency losses are; construction method and poor documents, Communication and materials related causes, Poor supervision and planning, Equipment installation related causes, and industrial action and weather related causes. It was concluded that both private and public construction projects suffer s from efficiency losses. Accurate timing and scheduling of projects activities, efficient communications, use of experienced supervisory staff and staff training and retraining on modern construction methods were advocated to eliminate labour loss efficiencies.
Keyword: efficiency losses, productivity, factor analysis, construction project, Nigeria
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH AND SAFETY TRAINING PRACTICES IN MEDIUM SIZED CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN ABUJA
*HALIMAT SALAKO; **SHITTU A. A.; & ***OGUNLOLU ALICE T.
*,**&***Department of Quantity Surveying, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Health and Safety (H&S) training is one of the most widely adopted practices to improve workplace safety. Existing H&S literature focuses on training of workers in large sized construction firms leaving out the medium sized construction firms. This study therefore evaluated the effectiveness of H&S training practices of medium sized construction firms in Abuja, with a view to proposing strategies for reducing accidents on construction sites. The population for the study constitutes 25 construction firms registered with the Federation of Construction Industry (FOCI) operating within Abuja metropolis. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was carried out using Relative Importance Index (RII) and Mean Item Score (MIS). The study identified 12 important H&S Training practices (average RII = 0.813) which are averagely complied with (average MIS = 4.067). 7 important Regulations identified have significant impact on H&S performance of construction firms (average MIS = 4.08). 15 effective strategies were identified for reducing the rate of accidents, injuries and fatalities on construction sites (average MIS = 3.84). It was concluded that the level of compliance to H&S training practices among medium sized construction firms in Abuja, Nigeria is not effective. It was thus recommended that medium sized construction firms should implement the suggested strategies to the latter in order to create a conducive atmosphere for both management and workers to be able to implement the H&S regulation and training practices for enhanced H&S performance.
Keywords: Construction, Effectiveness, Health, Safety, Training.
ASSESSMENT OF ENFORCEMENT OF KADUNA STATE URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY (KASUPDA) DEVELOPMENT CONTROL GUIDE IN
UNGWAN PAMA, KADUNA
*SAMUEL ACHILE OGU, **ASMA’U SHEHU USMAN DANTUDU, ***MANSUR BELLO
*Joachim Opara Associates, Estate Management and Valuers, No. 28 Imam House, Ahmadu Bello Way Kaduna, Nigeria **&*** Department of Urban and Regional Planning, College of Environmental Studies, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study aimed at assessing the level of enforcement of the KASUPDA Development Control Guide on residential land uses of Ungwan Pama, Chikun Local Government area of Kaduna State. To achieve the aim, the research question on the level of enforcement of KASUPDA development guide in the study area was answered. The data for this research was collected through primary and secondary methods. The sampling frame for the household and physical observation survey consists of 3,956 households. In the case of institutional survey, the sampling frame constitute all the institutions/agencies that are responsible for the monitoring and regulation of development in Kaduna Metropolis. A census was conducted for institutional survey and the sample size for household/compliance survey was calculated to be 98 households using the Yamane Taro’s 1967 sample size formula. Systematic sampling technique was used to administer the questionnaires during the household and compliance survey. The findings from KASUPDA revealed that they usually embark on development control activities in the study area on a weekly basis by the development control officers attached to the area. The control officers usually look for developments without building permit, upon which enforcement notice is issued to defaulters. If the defaulters fail to comply with the requirement of the authority after 21 days, a stop order is issued. After this, demolition occurs. However, the interviewee noted that development control activities is suppose to be twice a week but due to poor funding and equipments, it is now on a weekly basis. Using the Kerg model for assessing the level of enforcement of planning standards on existing development in Ungwan Pama, it was found that 18%, 55%, 23% and 4% of the respondents said that the level of enforcement is absent, partial, moderate, and full respectively. It therefore requires collective action of the public and private sector of the state to work together in providing development control duties. The paper recommended for new and relevant bye laws, edict, acts and regulations to channel the new course of challenges in the planning profession so that the gains associated with the discipline can be appreciated by all.
Keywords: Assessment, Enforcement, Urban Planning, Development, Control
POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN SUDANO-SAHELIAN REGION OF NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF YOBE STATE
*KEHINDE, M. O.,** BULAMA, L., ***UMAR, A. T., ****JIBRIL, H.
*Department of Geography, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto State **Department of Geography, Federal University Gashua, Yobe State. ***&****Department of Geography, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto State
Abstract
Potential evapotranspiration is a major controlling factor in hydrological processes and plays a vital role in the water balance of any place, river bodies or basin on the earth. This study assessed Potential evapotranspiration in Yobe State over the period (1956-2015). The study used mean monthly air temperature data collected from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) for Nguru and Potiskum in Yobe State. The entire data were subjected to Thornthwaite’s method to estimate the monthly Potential Evapotranspiration (PE) over the period. The result indicated that the long-term mean monthly PE for Nguru varies from 167mm in January to as high as 191.7mm in June and from 170mm in January to as high as 191.8mm in May in Potiskum. Finding further revealed that the long-term annual mean PE for Nguru and Potiskum over the period were 2260mm and 2203mm respectively. On a general note, there were upward trends in PE during the period. Likewise, there is a significant relationship between PE and Temperature in Nguru (F =61.515, df= 1, p= .000) and Potiskum (F= 97.464, df = 1, p = .000). The study concluded that potential evapotranspiration was very high in the area due to high rate of temperature and it is suggested that irrigation schemes be expanded and intensified in the area to boost crop production. More trees should be planted to contain the high temperature, which will in turn curtail the higher rate of potential evapotranspiration
Keywords: potential, Evaporation, Transpiration, Potential evapotranspiration (PE) and Water balance
ASSESSING THE LAND USE/LAND COVER DYNAMICS IN TORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
*ABDULKADIR AHMED AND **TAKANA ABUBAKAR
*Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, AbubakarTafawaBalewa University Bauchi, Nigeria **Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, ModibboAdama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria
Abstract:
This study used both Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (RS/GIS) for the analysis of land use land cover (LULC) dynamics of Toro for the period of 1985 to 2015. The purpose was to detect the nature and magnitude of these changes in order to determine its direction for future planning. The study was achieved using landsat 7 images of 1985, 2000 and 2015 by means of classifying the images into settlements, vegetation, farmlands, stones and water bodies.Erdas Imagine 9.2 and ArcGIS 10.1 through supervised image classification techniquewas used in the classification. The results show that significant changes occurred in settlements and least in water bodies. The study revealed that there is also a significant expansion in some towns of Toro LGA in terms of size and the expansion is more concentrated around the settlements situated along Bauchi-Jos road. Settlement like Gumau town also witnessed a remarkable expansion.
Keywords: Land use, land cover, Remote Sensing & GIS, classification, change detection
ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF SLUMS IN KARU LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.
MUNIR MUHAMMAD JUNAID, PROFESSOR N. M.IDRIS, DR. A. T. OGAH, PROF. N. D. MARCUS
Faculty of environmental science Nasarawa State University, Keffi,
ABSTRACT
Rapid urbanization have led to the creation of slums and informal settlements in urban areas of Nigeria. This study assessed the environmental conditions of slum in Karu Urban Area with the aim of developing sustainable strategies for mitigating the associated effects. In order to accomplish the aim, the study examined the housing and basic infrastructural condition in six slum settlements selected from Mararaba, Karu and Masaka communities. The study was based on survey research design and mixed technique approach (qualitative and quantitative) was used for data collection and analysis. Data for the study were collected through direct field observation, photographs and the use of questionnaire and interviews. The qualitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics while the qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. The findings revealed that only 25.48% of the surveyed buildings had a good walling condition, zinc (94.16%) was the main roofing material out of which 66.31% were either rusted and patched or loosed and flapping. Pit latrines (59.15%) was the main toilet facility, 9.28% had no bathroom facility, 6.37% had no kitchen facilities while the existing ones were shared and inconveniently located. Domestic water supply was still largely from underground wells and 54.65% of the buildings still dispose waste indiscriminately. It was concluded that until the provision of basic urban services is drastically improved, Karu Urban Area will remain a largely unhealthy town to live in. A participatory based upgrading project should be carried out by the State and Local Government authorities to better the living conditions of slum dwellers in the study area, giving attention to their needs and priorities.
KEYWORDS; Slum, Environment, Condition, Karu
ANALYSIS OF URBAN GROWTH USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES IN KABONG, JOS NORTH LGA, PLATEAU STATE.
*ALKALI MOHAMMED,** I.M ANZAKU, USMAN S. LAY, M.S MAREN
*,***&****Department of Environmental Management, Nassarawa State University, Keffi, Nassarawa State.**Department of Sciences, School of Continuing Education, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This research work examine the analysis of urban growth using remote sensing and GIS Techniques in Kabong, Jos North L.G.A, Plateau State, Nigeria . Data for the study were sourced from the primary and secondary data source. The finding of the study revealed that the most substantial change was the transformation of vacant barren land and rock outcrop to imperious built-up areas. Classification results shows the built up cover increased from 24462(9.8) in 1998 to 552.69 Ha922.2%) in 2008 to 2018 to 1071.27Km2 (143.18). results present that among the changes in Kabong increase in built up area from 9% to 43.18% and decreased off bare surface and vacant land had serious changes on the landscape as presented on the maps. the main changes of land use in these areas can be described as other type of land use covering into urban land. it is recommended that proper monitoring of the pattern and rate of urban expansion should be adhere strictly so as to achieve sustainable urban development.
Keywords: Urban, Growth, Remote Sensing, GIS Techniques, Landuse/Landcover
WILLINGNESS TO PAY RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY TAX IN IKEJA METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
*ADETOYE SULAIMAN ADEPOJU **MICHAEL TOLULOPE ADEYEMI AJAYI
*Department of Estate Management, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti. Ekiti State. Nigeria. *Department of Estate Management and Valuation, School of Environmental Studies, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State. Nigeria.
Abstract
The study examined factors affecting the willingness to pay (WTP) residential property tax in the study area. This was with a view to providing information that will enhance willingness to pay residential property tax in the study area. Primary data was used for the study, data were sourced using questionnaire. Ninety valid questionnaires were returned and analysed. Soliciting information about residential property owners’ willingness to pay property tax, using a 5-Likert scale of Strongly agree, Agree, Undecided, Disagree, Strongly disagree. Each of these was respectively assigned a value of 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1. Descriptive statistical tools were used in analysing the data obtained. The study found that the majority of the respondents were males (88%) and fall within the age group of 46-55 years of age (38.9%), majority was master’s degree holders (40%). The result has revealed all the factors identified affecting the WTP property tax except poor community school facility, and the factor maintained high RII this more average at 60% relative importance. The study concluded that residential property owners are willing to pay property tax whenever various factors are addressed and satisfied.
Keyword: Willingness to pay (WTP), Tax compliance, residential property.
LAND USES CONFLICTS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF THE PERI-URBAN AREAS OF JOS
*E. O. ADAMU1, **U. Y. AJANI2 AND ***C. O. ABAH 3
Department of Estate Management, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa.
Abstract
Land use conflict and environmental sustainability are increasingly becoming a source of concern in many countries. Thus, this study examined land use conflicts and sustainable development in the peri-urban areas of Jos with a view to ascertaining the nature and causes of land use conflicts for sustainable development. The sampled populations for the study were the practicing Estate Surveying and Valuation firms as well as property owners/occupants of some selected villages in the peri-urban areas classified based on the local governments into Jos North and Jos South Local Governments respectively. Data was collected through the administration of structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics, likert scale and Kruskawalis test. The study revealed that changed mix of urban & rural activities; nature of activities carried out on the land and conversion/mixed uses of land were the common forms of land use conflicts in the study areas. The result of the Kruskwalis test conducted on the nature and sources of land use conflicts in the peri-urban areas of Jos showed a p-value of <0.05.The study further revealed that the major sources of land use conflicts inhibiting sustainable development includes disagreement over fundamental values; increased population and rapid development; lack of clear institutional arrangements amongst others. The study thus concludes that the competing interests in land uses if not properly monitored, managed and controlled may lead to severe land use conflicts and negative environmental impacts which threaten sustainable development of the peri-urban areas.
Keywords: Conflict, Land Use, Land Use Conflict, Peri-Urban Areas, Sustainable Development.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEVEL OF WASTE MINIMIZATION PRACTICES BY CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES IN BAUCHI STATE
* BABANGIDA BABA, **AZEANITA BINTI SURATKON
* Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytecnic P. M. B. 0094, Wuntin Dada, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria,** Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia 101 Beg Berkunci, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, 86400, Malaysia
Abstract
Ineffective application of waste management plan during different stages of construction is evident in many cities around the world, as well as in Bauchi State in Nigeria. The management of construction processes to reduce, reuse, recycle and effectively dispose of wastes has a significant impact on the final cost, quality, time and environment. The aim of this research was to find out the most suitable strategies for effective waste minimization practices in Bauchi State. Structured questionnaires were sent to a total number of 77 identified registered construction firms in Bauchi through Survey Monkey, of which 70 (90.91%) were returned with valid responses. Several analyses such as frequency, mean, ranking was used to analyze the data. The study revealed that reuse on site and minimizing waste at source of origin to be the most frequently implemented construction material waste minimization practices. The study also showed mminimizing waste at source of origin and reuse on site as the most effective waste minimization strategies in Bauchi. The study finally recommended recycling of construction waste as a viable option in construction waste management. This research will be of benefit to the clients, contractors and the various project stakeholders in the construction industry, by providing adequate knowledge regarding construction waste minimization, so that necessary steps can be taken for prevention. It will provide knowledge about the appropriate strategies to employ in order to improve profitability and protect the environment.
Keywords: Project, Construction, firms, waste and environment
COMPULSORY ACQUISITION FOR A DUAL CARRIAGEWAY BY A BENEVOLENT GOVERNMENT: MATTERS ARISING IN AKWA IBOM STATE
*UYOBONG SUNDAY ETUK, **UBON TITUS USORO, ***UDUAK OKON JEREMIAH
*Dept. of Estate Management, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua,**Dept. of Estate Management, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua,***Dept. of Estate Management, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua
Abstract:
The sides of any major road are densely populated with privately owned properties, crops and economic trees all courtesy of human activities. Consequently, the expansion of such roads or conversion to a dual carriageway, usually witnesses the issue of compensation with its attendant dissatisfaction among affected properties owners. The study examined the causes of dissatisfaction using Uyo-Ikot Ekpene Road as a case study. Questions were asked using a well-structured questionnaire administered to sample opinions of claimants and Estate Surveyors and Valuers involved in the road project. The results revealed that Inadequate compensation value, non-payment for the future value of income derivable from the acquired properties, economic trees and crops, lack of access to the determination of the compensation value, no-payment of interest on delayed payment and non- compliance with the law with respect to issuance of notice of acquisition are the causes dissatisfaction. It recommended for the effective and efficient application of compulsory acquisition and compensation procedure and a radical harmonization of all conflicting laws on compulsory acquisition and Compensation.
Keywords: Assessment, Compensation, Compulsory Acquisition, Dissatisfaction, Dual Carriageway.
NIGERIA URBAN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD
*ADAH, PAUL D., **JEGEDE JOY ANWULI & ***MBAMARA BLESSING. EZINE
*&**Department of Urban and Regional PlanningThe Federal Polytechnic, Idah Kogi State, ***Department of Urban and Regional Planning Federal Polytechnic, Offa Kwara State
Abstract
The management of towns and cities in Africa is part and parcel of the public sector management system. The system revolves around land management, housing and infrastructure development. Operational system are organised on sector basis through ministries, department, agencies and boards etc. The method adopted for the paper is the qualitative approach. The study relied essentially on data from published, unpublished materials and observations. Data collected were sorted using contents analysis. The findings of the study indicated that the traditional (sectorial) approach to urban management has not effectively deliver on urban management mandate. It also shows that urban management affair is solely state driven. There is less collaboration and citizen participation in the affairs of managing the cities. In conclusion the sectorial urban management is deficient in approach as it is not holistic in attending to city challenges. There is need for a broad-based urban management system involving all stakeholders in urban development both public sector and private sector, NGOs and CBOs. The study therefore recommends paradigm shift in the approach, suggesting participatory management, commitment to urban planning and development and importantly develop an integrated approach to urban management system.
Keywords: City, Integrated, Planning, Urban Management, System, and Participation
URBAN RESILIENCE: ADAPTABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF CITY TO DISASTER IN BIRNIN KEBBI, NIGERIA.
*TPL. OYELADE IMOLE AND **TPL. OYEDIRAN KAYODE.
*&**Department of Urban and regional planning, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi state, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The Research studied on urban resilience: adaptability and sustainability of city to disaster in Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. The Aim of this study is to examine the resilience nature of Birnin Kebbi’s city in Nigeria and establish the constituents of threats in the area. The Objectives are to identify the current environmental threats to the people living in the area; to examine possible governance failure towards building resilience in the study area and to dentify some economic importance derived from building resilience. This study adopted both primary and secondary data. The primary data made used of questionnaires which were administered to 125 professionals in the built environment within the study area. Data Analysis was done using frequency, percentage and weighted Average. The Study revealed that Covid-19, flooding, and environmental degradation are the most common environmental threats posed within the study area, the failure of governance processes in areas such as regulatory challenge, financial challenge and socio-economic challenge among others while also identifying the benefits of building resilience. The study recommends promotion of green infrastructure; building institutions, government agencies, and civil society to strengthening the governance structure and at the same time promote good urban governance.
Keywords; Urban; Resilience; Climate; Disaster; City and Shocks.
ASSESSMENT OF METHODS OF DETERMINING COMPENSATION ON ACQUIRED LANDS FOR INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES IN NIGERIA
*BUSARI, ADEYEMI MARUPH, **OLATUNDE, BOLAJI ZAKARIYYAH
*&**Department of Estate Management, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Compulsory land acquisition has generated a lot of crises over the years. The bone of contention being the failure of the acquiring authority to pay adequate compensation, claiming its operations are guided by the provisions of the law. These controversies are having adverse effect on developmental objectives of the government, provision of infrastructural facilities and by extension the Nation that is in deficit of infrastructures. Therefore, this study examines if the problem causing the controversies lies with methods of assessment prescribed by law. Triangulation research method was adopted to achieve the objectives of this study. The research relied on multiple instruments adapted for data collection such as existing literatures, structured questionnaires administered on claimants, real estate professionals and interview with the government’s representatives saddled with the responsibility of acquiring land and determining the quantum of compensation payable for dualisation of Kano-Maiduguri road project, in Yobe state. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study discovered among other findings that the prescribed method of assessment by the Act does not in any way conform to the principles and conventional methods of valuation and it negates the principle of equivalence which requires that claimants should not be better off or worse off after the acquisition. This therefore implies that the government needs to introduce a new land policy that would completely eliminate the tensions usually associated with the issue of compulsory acquisition and compensation and conform to the international best practices.
Keywords: Assessment, Methods, Compensation, Acquired land, Infrastructural Facilities
ASSESSMENT OF RISK AND RETURN ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY INVESTMENT IN KANO, NIGERIA.
*ZAKARI USMAN DODO, **MOHAMMED SANUSI MUSA ***USMAN JAMILA ***AND WALI RAKIYA I.
*,**,***&****Department of Estate Management and Valuationy, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru.
Abstract:
The paper assess risk and return on residential property market in Kano with a view to examine the trend in returns of residential property investment types and the risk-return in relation to residential property investment. Residential property investment return in Kano has been influenced by several risk factors which affect the property market and the economy, Kano has been chosen for this study because is the commercial city of northern Nigeria and due to the inflow of people the residential housing infrastructure is growing. The study utilized descriptive (standard deviation, viariance, coefficient of variation) and inferential method (ANOVA). The results of descriptive analysis across the five markets showed. The properties sampled are 2Bedroom, 3Bedroom and 4Bedroom which showed that Badawa and Bompai maintained double digit over the other three market. And the variance result revealed that, variation in returns on residential property investment across the market in the selected areas of Kano is statistically significant since the p.value across the market are less than 0.05 level of significance.
Keywords: Analysis, Risk – Return, Residential, Property Investment, Anova.
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS OF NIGERIA REAL ESTATE MARKET IN IBADAN, OYO STATE, NIGERIA
VICTORIA OLUWAFUNMIKE ODUNFA1, TOSIN BABATOLA FATEYE2, ABIOYE, OLATUNDE KEHINDE1 AND EBUN IYADUNNI1.
1Department of Estate Management & Valuation, the Polytechnic Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria. 2Department of Estate Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abstract
Real estate investment represents a significant portion of many institutional portfolios as a result of various potentials and perpetual benefits. The study examines the investment analysis of Nigeria real estate market in Ibadan. The focus of the study is to identify those prominent factors that influence and enhance the investment activities in real estate market. The study sampled Ibadan based Estate surveying and valuation firms with the population of 95. The study deployed descriptive statistics such as simple frequency distribution (SFD) and mean score (MS) to analyse the data. The study found that type of client (investor), cost of finance and locational characteristics of the local market were the prominent factors that influence real estate investment activities in the market; while some of the major factors that stimulate activities in real estate investment market include low interest rate, neighborhood security, access to development funds and technology-aid land administration system among others. This suggests that cost of finance and physical development of real estate property are critical to seamless operations of real estate investment market. The study therefore recommends that an improved level of access to credit facilities at a business friendly interest rate should be encouraged through strengthened policy framework.
Keywords: Investment analysis, Nigeria, Real estate market
SUITABILITY OF LOCUST BEANS WASTE ASH AND ALKALINE ACTIVATED RICE HUSK ASH AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR CEMENT IN CONCRETE
ADEJOH BENJAMIN OCHOLA1, KAMAR USMAN OTARU2, UMAR MUSA3
1.2Department of Civil Engineering, Kaduna Polytechnic. 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Kaduna Polytechnic
ABSTRACT
In this study, the suitability of locust beans waste ash and alkaline activated rice husk ash as Cementious materials in partial replacement for cement in concrete was investigated. The locust beans waste ash and activated rice husk ash were used to partially replace cement by percentage of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% in concrete cube samples. 60 number of grade 20 concrete cubes and 60 numbers of grade 25 concrete cubes were cast in laboratory and cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days in accordance to BS1881: part 116: 1983. Water/cement ratio of 0.55 was used in the work; the study is aimed towards managing the of locust beans waste and rice husks through reuse so as to reduce there accumulation which constitute nuisance on the environment and could cause environmental health hazards. The locust beans was incinerated, sieved after incineration using sieve size of 150m and was later mixed with the activated rice husk ash in the laboratory at equal percentage. However despite the observed loss in compressive strengths of the concrete, it can still be used for various application requiring medium and low strength in accordance to concrete grade 5, a strength which is achieved with these replacement of locust beans waste ash and activated rice husk ash in concrete: such as non-load bearing concrete wall, sidewalks, road barrier, concrete block, kerbs. The amount of concrete produce worldwide for this application could ensure the viability of this study.
Keywords: Locust beans waste ash, rice husk ash, Cementious material, Environmental health hazard, Compressive strength.