SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AFRICAN ADVANCEMENT & SUSTAINABILITY STUDIES
VOL. 28 NO. 2 JUNE, 2023.
PUBLISHER:
SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS,
Centre for African Development Studies, P. O. Box 10108, U. I. Post Office. Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria.
ARTICLES:
LEADERSHIP RECRUITMENT DEMOCRACY AND YOUTH DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
*UTSUA T PETER PhD; **AMENDE CHARLES; & ***HABILA ANTHONY
*Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Nasarawa State University Keffi. **Department of Linguistics, Nasarawa State University Keffi. ***Department of Religious Studies, Federal University Lafia
ABSTRACT
This paper examined the issue of leadership recruitment in our country as central to our current national leadership predicament that results to poor governance and development processes. It alludes to the fact that, result oriented development in any society lies largely on the interplay between man’s leadership skills and his environment in order to ensure self discovery that plays a major role in energizing, conscientizing, motivating and mobilizing the people both old and young towards achieving a common goal. The paper submits that, the country has been recruiting inappropriate leaders, and undermining rather than strengthening our democratic and development process. It recommends that, for Nigeria to achieve good democracy and desired sustainable development, there should be good procedure in place and be willing to explore the endowed secret wealth of our both human and material resources, taking a queue from the secret miracle of development of human engines through education and skills acquisition in Asia, Finland, China and India. The paper concludes that if good leadership is put in place, correct democratic values will cure the political system of vices and smoothen relationships and interactions between and among individuals both old and young, bearing in mind that, youths are strong composition of the future of any nation, they determine how great or how terrible the nation would be.
Keywords: Leadership, Recruitment, Democracy, Youth, Development
SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AND TEACHERS’ WORK ATTITUDE IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE: IMPLICATIONS FOR COUNSELLING
*MACLEAN, ONISOYA PhD; *BRIGHT-GEORGE, JOY WANWURI PhD; & **FRANK-BRIGGS, EVELYN AIGBEWEONA
*Department of Educational Foundations, Rivers State University, PMB 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State **Department of Educational Psychology, Guidance and Counselling, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, P.M.B. 5047, Port Harcourt, Rivers State
ABSTRACT
This study examined School environment and teachers’ work attitude in Public Secondary Schools in Rivers State. Correlational research design was adopted for the study. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study consisted of all the teachers in all the senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The population is 6,250. The sample was 300 teachers selected using the stratified and simple random sampling techniques. The instrument titled “School Environment and Teachers’ Work Attitude Inventory” (SETWAI)”was used for data collection. It consisted of two sections, A and B. Section A provided demographic data while section B is further divided into two: “School Environment Inventory” (SEI) and “Teachers’ Work Attitude” (TWAI). SEI contained 24 and TWAI contained 15 items that will elicit responses to examine the relationship between school environment and teachers’ work attitude. It was structured in a four (4) point modified Likert type scale of Strongly Agree (SA) = 4, Agree (A) = 3, Disagree = 2, and Strongly Disagree (SDA) = 1. The instrument was subjected to face validity by the three experts in the field of Measurement and Evaluation. The reliability of the instruments was determined through the use of test-retest method. The following reliability indices obtained were: SEI (r=0.80) and TWAI (r=0.78). Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to answer all the research questions and also used to test all the hypotheses. Results of the hypotheses were tested for significance at 0.05 alpha level. The finding of the study revealed that there was a significant relationship between school building (classroom, office, space etc) and teachers’ work attitude, there was a significant relationship between teaching facilities and teachers’ work attitude and there was a significant relationship between teacher quality and teachers’ Work Attitude in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. Based on this, it was recommended that; Government through the Ministry of Education should ensure that school buildings (classrooms, office space, amongst others) should be adequate, to positively influence the work attitude of teachers.
Keywords: School environment, teachers’ work attitude, school building, Teacher’ Quality
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONTECHNOLOGY AND STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF NORTHERN SENATORIAL DISTRICT, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
*IYALA FELIX EMEKA (Ph.D.); **OGBO ADAMU OMAKU (Ph.D.); **USMAN PHOEBE AYUBA A.; & ***SAMSON WILFRED INCHITIWA
*Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Veritas University, Abuja. **Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, Nasarawa State University, Keffi. ***Department of Educational Management, Nasarawa State University, Keffi
ABSTRACT
The study focused on the assessment of ICT and Students’ Academic Achievement in Secondary Schools of Northern Senatorial District, Plateau State, Nigeria. The study was guided by two research questions with corresponding objectives and hypotheses. The study reviewed ten empirical studies. The research design used for this study was a correlational survey research design. The population of the study consisted of 2328 principals and teachers. The sample size of the study constituted 474 respondents. The instrument used for data collection was duly validated and it yielded 0.81 as the logical validity index while 0.76 was obtained as the reliability index. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while Pearson’s product moment correlation was employed to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicated that there is a significant relationship between e-teaching and students’ academic achievement in secondary schools of Plateau North Senatorial District and there is a significant relationship between the availability of ICT facilities and students’ academic achievement in secondary schools of Plateau North Senatorial District. The study recommended that the Plateau State Teaching Service Commission should mandate all teachers of secondary schools to periodically present evidence of the areas in which they have incorporated ICT facilities such as computers, email, internet and World-Wide Web (WWW), computer database, data processing mechanism, CD-Rom, DVD among others into their teaching activities as such measure would help teachers to develop an interest in the use of ITC during teaching to enhance the academic achievement of students.
Keywords: Information and Communication Technology, E-Teaching and Students’ Academic Achievement
AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR WELL MODEL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
AWONIYI, G. O1., 2AWONIYI, O. O., & 3AWONIYI, K. P.
1Department of Agricultural and Bio-environmental Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. 2Department of Quality Control and Assuarance, TwinsFaja Group of Companies, Lagos, Nigeria. 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This work centered on adapting expert system in modeling design specifications for well construction. It came about by designing an interactive interface through a special Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The IDE was developed by programming well design parameters ranging from hydraulic parameters to quantitative material characteristics. Operation of the interactive interface was simplified to nearest minimum data entry i.e. height of well, H, and thickness of chamber, C; which served as the required operational design parameters. Inputs of the designed entry parameters in IDE were able to generate every required design specification outputs. Series of generated outputs from the developed expert system were put to test by randomly selecting design specifications at all three levels of “C” i.e. 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm. The output design specifications at each level of “C” were correlated at randomly selected level of “H”. Each correlation evaluation was found to have R2 of 1. This affirmed that the specification outputs were precise and reliable.
Keywords: Well, Model Design, Expert System, IDE, Model Specifications.
DESIGN AND PRINTING OF NOK AND BENIN CULTURAL FORMS ON T SHIRTS USING THE HEAT TRANSFER METHOD
MAXWELL ESHIWHOBE ROBERTS1; PROF. SAMAILA USMAN DAKYES2; & DR. JOSEPH A. MAMANI1
1Department of Art & Industrial Design, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nasarawa State. 2Federal University Lafia, Nasarawa State
ABSTRACT
The Nok people are considered the most primordial in West Africa and are believed to have influenced other civilizations in the region. The Nok civilization is trace to 200 AD ago, and also known for its individualistic terracotta figurines. The Nok inhabitants were proficient in agriculture, pottery and metalworking, their art is distinguished by elaborate designs and patterns.Wwhile the Benin kingdom had an intricate structure of government, with a powerful king at its head. This powerful pre-colonial state was founded in the 13th century and attained its crest in the 16th century. The Benin’s were celebrated for their ivory and bronze figures which were often used for the service of the royal court and other important individuals in the kingdom. Both cultures (Nok and Benin) are imperative when Nigeria’s cultural heritage is cited. They enthused art and cultural engagements throughout Nigeria and have significantly contributed to Nigeria’s affluent and varied cultural setting. As it stands, their legacy can be noticed in museums and galleries throughout Nigeria, as well as in the country’s vibrant contemporary art scene. The role of a graphic design is highlighted, importance of colour, heat-transfer method of printing, opportunities ahead, means inspired by opportunities ahead. Survey methodology approach is adopted, sample from a population, selected population, description of instrument and procedures, the study hope to promote the African Art value and economic empowerment. designers should pay attention to viability, impending trend and prospects of using historical figures in exploring their visual eloquence by availing them self to training where necessary on state- of the -act equipment, for better understanding and promoting cultural identity that will, compliment the Afro culture globally.
Keywords: Nok, Benin, Cultural heritage, Graphic Design, Print.
THE ROLE OF EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BUILDING HUMAN CAPACITY IN NIGERIA
ANGELA LARAI GUGONG
Department of Computer & Educational Technology, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna State
ABSTRACT
The study examines the role of ICT full human capacity building for national development in Nigeria and proffers implication for in formation Communication Technology It further highlights the role of ICT in equipping man power in Nigeria using ICT concepts in, teaching process. The study also elucidates some other importance of using ICT and education to foster capacity building formational development: The paper stresses that education can be used, in both secondary schools and Adult Educational Prograrnmes-teaching as means to foster national growth. The study later focuses on the claims for using ICT in the 21st Century as a pertinent means for development. The paper further narrates the values of the concept of teach and re-teach using ICT in schools to bring about effectiveness in human capacity building. The study recommended that proper emphasis should be laid on teaching using ICT gadgets and encouraging in-service training. The paper concluded that the use of ICT promotes inter-Africa solidarity as well as harmony and oneness in Nigeria.
Keywords: Role, Education, Information, Technology, Building, Human, Capacity, Nigeria.
DOES INSIDE AND INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP AFFECT FIRMS’ LEVERAGE? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM LISTED INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
SHADRACH MONICA & ALI, MATHEW BELLO
Bursary Department & Accountancy Department, Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B., 35, Mubi – Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study assessed whether inside ownership and institutional ownership affect leverage of listed insurance companies in Nigeria for a period of twelve (12) years from 2010 to 2021. In carrying out the study, eighteen (18) companies out of twenty-eight (28) companies were selected based on purposive sampling. The data for the study were derived from the sampled companies’ annual reports and accounts and analysis were done using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and multiple regressions through the use of STATA software version 13.00. The study found inside ownership and institutional ownership to have positive and significant impact on the leverage of listed insurance companies in Nigeria. Thus, the study recommends that both Managers and institutional investors should be wary of their influence on debt desirability and reduce the amount of debt in the capital structure especially where there are signs of financial deterioration which is usually associated with high cost of debt. They should only increase debt in the capital structure of companies when profits are high; cost of equity capital are high and benefits of tax shield are high and ensure that long-term debts are used to finance fixed tangible assets while short-term debts are used to finance short-term obligations.
Keywords: Ownership structure, Inside ownership, Institutional ownership, Leverage.
ACCEPTABILITY OF BREAKFAST CEREALS PRODUCED FROM CASSAVA-AFRICAN YAM BEAN FLOUR BLEND
ICHIMA M.E.; IDOWU O.B.; NDALIMAN M.B.; AND ADENIRAN A.
Department of Hospitality Management, the Federal Polytechnic Bida. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, the Federal Polytechnic Bida. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna State
ABSTRACT
This study is to assess the acceptability of cassava-african yam bean flour blend to produce breakfast cereals, different samples of breakfast cereals is to produce from blend of Maize-African yam bean. Four smaples will be selected randomly, and determine their proximate compositions and sensory attributes.
Keywords: Acceptability, Breakfast, Cereals, Produced, Cassava-African Yam.
APPRAISAL OF MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT DISPOSAL IN KAKURI AREA OF KADUNA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMRENT
*ISAH ABUBAKAR EVUTI; *BASHIR LAWAL; & **ADAMU UMAR SHESHI
*Department of Building College of Environmemtal Studies Kaduna Polytechnic. **Department of Building College of Environmemtal Studies Federal Polytechnic, Bida
ABSTRACT
Urban centers in developing countries are still battling with waste management problems owing to insufficient collection and improper disposal of waste. In Kakuri Kaduna South Local Government area, various techniques are still employed in waste management, such as the burning, burying, open dumping and others, but an empirical understanding is needed for the prominent ones. The objectives of the study are to: – examine the characteristics and volume of waste, characteristics of waste management techniques, capacities of waste management agencies, and evaluate the challenges of management techniques in the study area. For administration of questionnaires 90 respondents using random sampling techniques. Data collected were analyzed using percentages, pie charts. Solid waste generated in the study area 72% of organic waste papers and plastics 23%, 3% metals, 1% others. Another finding is that solid waste management techniques in the study area includes burning at 21.71%, burying at 15.90%, open dumping and secondary dumping locations has 61.77% and others at 0.61%. In terms of management capacities 134% of solid waste were managed by private, individuals and companies while196% is managed by the State and the local authority. This explains reasons why government could not cope with the growing of waste streams. About 53.8% were not satisfied with the management techniques and 46.2% were of the opinion that the government is trying. Management and disposal of waste is commonly done in the study area by dumping on any relative available space or uncompleted buildings, dumping on designated bins by the major road sides and important streets in the study area. The bulk by percentage of the solid waste generated are biodegradables, papers, plastic and other organic waste such garbage. The Local government should in an effort find a way of converting the organic waste to re-useable manure or materials in farms and gardens by mere adoption of the local technology abound in the study area.
REFINEMENT OF A PRECONDITIONED ACCELERATED OVER-RELAXATION METHOD FOR SOLUTION OF LINEAR ALGEBRAIC SYSTEM
ISMAILA M.1, MOHAMMED I. H.2 ABDULLAHI I.3, AND ALIYU A. H.4
1,2,4 Department of Mathematics, Federal Polytechnic, Bida Niger State, Nigeria 3Department of Computer Science, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation Ibadan, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
In Linear Algebra system, a significant improvement of the iteration matrix will reduce the spectral radius and accelerate the rate of convergence of the specific method while solving system of linear equations of the form. This prompt us to refine the Preconditioned Accelerated Over Relaxation (PAOR) method called Refinement of Preconditioned Accelerated Over-Relaxation (RPAOR) so as to accelerate the convergence rate of the method. A refinement of Preconditioned Accelerated Over Relaxation method that would minimize the spectral radius, when compared to AOR and PAOR method is proposed in this paper. We investigated the convergence of the method and presented some numerical examples to check the performance of the method. The results indicate the superiority of the method over some existing methods
Keywords: Preconditioned, Accelerated, Over Relaxation, Convergence, Spectral radius
RURAL BASE ACTIVITIES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
1LAWAL KABIR TUNAU, 1YAKUBU USMAN MOHAMMED AND 2IBRAHIM MAMMAN
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi Adamawa – Nigeria. 2Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi Adamawa – Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The survival of the rural inhabitants depends wholly on varies economic activities engage upon by the rural dwellers. The major economic activity in the rural area is agriculture and it is supported by other activities of the rural life. This paper addresses various rural activities, their impacts on the natural environment and the sustainability measures in the face of the exploitation of natural resources. The study utilises desk study as a source of data. Conclusively the paper observes that The survival of the rural inhabitant depends wholly on varies economic activities engage upon by the rural dwellers and that the major economic activity in the rural area is agriculture and it is supported by other activities of the rural life. Finally, the study recommends that: Issuance of Cease order in the Case of Oil spillage can be controlled by ensuring adequate Environmental Audit Report of companies engage in oil exploitation. Fines, withdrawal of licence, and legal punishments for defaulting mineral exploiters, also the use of Environmental Friendly farming Practices will ensure that the land and its resource which farming depends on are maintained for future benefits etc.
Keywords: Rural base, environment, inhabitants, agriculture, minning, lumbering, fishing.
EVALUATING THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE USING FOUNDRY SAND AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE
GANA A.J., OSAS-ENATO E.F
Civil Engineering Department, Collage of Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State
ABSTRACT
This study is a summary of the various experiments, discussions for the given project topic “Evaluating The Strength Of Concrete Using Foundry Sand As Partial Replacement For Fine Aggregate”. With highlights on the effect of foundry sand on the strength of concrete and its effect when used in constructions. Also, the detailed discussions of the experiment carried out in the project. The use of concrete is widespread in the construction industry due to its durability, strength, and versatility. The primary components of concrete are cement, water, and aggregates, with fine and coarse aggregates typically used to ensure the desired properties of the final product. Fine aggregates provide the necessary filling and binding properties to cement, making it an essential component in concrete production. The cost of sand used as a fine aggregate is increasing, and the environmental impact of sand mining is becoming more apparent, leading to the search for alternative sources of sand. Foundry sand is a by-product of the manufacturing process of metallic castings, and its disposal has become a significant environmental challenge. Recycling foundry sand as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete could be an innovative solution to this challenge.This project aims to evaluate the strength of concrete produced using foundry sand as a partial replacement for fine aggregate. The research will explore the characteristics of the foundry sand, including its fineness modulus, specific gravity, and absorption capacity, and compare them with the properties of natural sand. The study will also analyze the effect of varying replacement percentages
Keywords: Evaluating, Strength, Concrete, Foundry Sand, Fine Aggregate