THEME: TRANSFORMATION AGENDA FOR THIRD WORLD COMMUNITIES IN EVOLVING AS GLOBAL DEVELOPED NATION: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
DATE: 27TH TO 29TH FEBRUARY, 2024
VENUE: USMAN DANFADIO UNIVERSITY, SOKOTO, SOKOTO STATE, NIGERIA
ORGANIZER: CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACT:
A STUDY ON MONEY LAUNDERING WITHIN DESIGNATED NON-FINANCIAL BUSINESSES AND PROFESSIONS IN NIGERIA
*GODWIN AGABA OCHUBE; & **JOSEPH IDOKO
*Department of Sociology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State Nigeria. **Department of Political Science, Federal College of Education, Kano, Kano State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study investigates Money Laundering within Designated Non Financial Businesses and Professions; (DNFBPs) play very important roles in the financial transactions and economic development in Nigeria. DNFBPs include notaries, accountants, dealers in metals and precious stones, lawyers, real estate agents, casinos, among others that provide essential services in the formal and informal sectors of the Nigerian economy. The Anti-Money laundering operational legal instruments for combating financial and economic crimes in Nigeria are devoid of monitoring and regulatory provisions on the operations of DNFBPs. This set back in the law opened a floodgate of criminality, especially money laundering in the institution. The study found that there is a causal link between corruption and money laundering as the former pave way for the latter which have a direct effect on the national economy. The study interrogated the sources of DNFBPs capital and investors and findings revealed that while banks and other financial institutions are under frequent surveillance by the law to ensure economic stability DNFBPs graze without boundaries in its operations, serving as safe havens for money launders. Therefore there is an urgent need for the government to strengthen its anti-money laundering agencies to keep watch of DNFBPs in the country against economic and financial crimes.
Key Words: Money, Laundering, Corruption, Crime, Non Financial Businesses
PUBLIC PERCEPTION ON AFTER CARE SERVICE. AS IT AFFECT RECIDIVISM–REFERENCE TO WELFARE SECTION OF THE NIGERIAN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION, NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS. ABUJA.
NWANERI CONSTANCE L.O.; DR. CHIJOKE EGWU (Ph.D); & ARETHA REKIYA SAMUEL (Ph.D)
Department of Sociology/Criminology and Security Studies, Faculty of Social Science, University of Jos, Jos, Plateaus State.
Abstract:
This paper looked at the entire concept of after- care service as a policy objective of the Nigeria correctional institution service. It sought to find out the public perception on After-Care Service, its effects on recidivism and why there has not been success in rehabilitating ex-convicts after-care programme of the correctional institution service. A descriptive research will be conducted and a simple random sampling technique will be used to select 50 respondents at welfare department and other departments at the correctional institution national headquarters, Abuja. Questionnaires and hypothesis will be formulated and tested to guide the research work. Data will be collected by means of administration or questionnaire and analysed by the use of descriptive statistics (i.e simple percentage). The finding of this work will indicate whether After-Care Service (aids given to discharged convicts) always assist in their rehabilitation and re-integration in the society/community whenever they are discharged from the prison, and also help them not to go into crime again. More findings will also be carried out to identify some of the problems encountered in the implementation of after-Care Service Programmes, there after recommendations will be made.
Key words: After-Care Service, Correctional Institution, Recidivism, Rehabilitation and Re-integration.
ASSSSING THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (QMP) AFFECTING BUILDING PROJECTS DELIVERY IN NIGERIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW APPROACH (2019 – 2023)
TIMOTHY MWANTI DAYLOP; & JOSEPH K. MAKINDE
Department of Project Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The issue of Quality Management Practices (QMP) in the Nigerian construction industry remains integral to the better performances required in delivery of construction projects. This is due to the need to avoid defects, reworks and its attendant effect and cost on the construction organizations and construction professionals undertaken the delivery of projects. As a result, this study undertakes a review of QMP affecting building project delivery in Nigeria between 2019 and 2023. The outcome suggests that the topmost factors affecting the QMP encompass customer focus, process improvement, continuous improvement, conformance, and durability. This study recommended that the implementation phase of the project should include the adoption of effective measures for total quality management, as there should be ongoing evaluation of contractors and their organizations to assess their adherence to quality standards set by regulatory bodies and government agencies. This is necessary to reduce the occurrence of building defects, avoidance of reworks and possible collapse.
Keywords: Building Projects, Literature Review, Nigeria, Quality Management Practices (QMP)
PREDICTING THE MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM ASPHALT PAVEMENT TEMPERATURES ON ABUJA TO KADUNA RAILWAY LINE IN NIGERIA.
APEH, A. S.; ADEYERI, J. B.; & AMU, O.O.
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria.
Abstract
The subject of temperature variations in asphalt pavement layers has been studied at various times in the past, because asphalt pavement layer is very sensitive to temperature. The ability to predict temperature variations at any depth in asphalt pavement at a construction site is critical to its performance and behaviour. The aim of this study was to predict the maximum and minimum asphalt pavement temperatures on Abuja-Kaduna railway line. Meteorological data of daily air temperatures for 31 years (1990-2021) were obtained at Abuja and Zaria NIMET weather stations for this research. A methodology was adopted to determine the maximum air temperature for each year, being the average hottest 7-day consecutive maximum air temperature for each year, and the minimum air temperature for each year, being the coldest one-day temperature for each year. The values of maximum air temperature being the highest value in 31 years and minimum air temperature being the coldest day in 31 years, together with the days the hottest and coldest temperatures were recorded in 31 years were substituted in the Diefenderfer regression equation at three different depths. The predicted maximum and minimum asphalt pavement temperatures were taken at mid-depths. These represent temperatures the asphaltic sub-ballast is expected to withstand in the railway substructure environment. This study found that the maximum and minimum asphalt pavement temperatures on Abuja to Kaduna railway line were 24.53 0C and 15.44 0C respectively.
Keywords: Meteorological data, Diefenderfer Regression Models, Asphalt Pavement Temperatures, Abuja – Kaduna Railway Line, Nigeria.
EFFECT OF WORK LIFE BALANCE VARIATION AND SUCCESSION PLANNING ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN FCT ABUJA NIGERIA
*KOLO, IBRAHIM; **HALIRU HUSSAINI; & ***ADAM, UMAR FARUK
*Department of Business Administration, Nasarawa State University Keffi. **Department of Business Administration, Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia. ***Nasarawa State University Keffi
ABSTRACT
This study examined the effect of work-life balance variation and succession planning on employee performance of quoted commercial banks in FCT Abuja Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design. The study covered 13 quoted Commercial Banks in FCT Abuja, Nigeria. The sample size of 481 was determined using Cochran (1963) sample size formula and convenient sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Adapted questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. The data collected for the study was analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling in determining the measurement, structural models and hypotheses testing through SmartPLS 3.0 software. The study found that succession planning has positive and significant effect on employee performance of quoted commercial banks in FCT Abuja, Nigeria. While work-life balance variation has positive but insignificant effect on employee performance of quoted commercial banks in FCT Abuja, Nigeria. The study, therefore, concludes that human resources management practice influence employee performance of quoted commercial banks in FCT Abuja, Nigeria. Hence it is therefore, recommended among others that quoted commercial banks in FCT Abuja, Nigeria should improve on their work-life balance variation practice by way of avoiding conflicting the working hours with employees’ hours in order to have effective employee’s commitment to their jobs.
Key words: Employees, Performance, Quoted Commercial Banks, Succession Planning, Work-life Balance Variation.
TEACHERS’ RECORD KEEPING AND PRINCIPALS’ ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY IN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NORTH WEST ZONE, NIGERIA
RAJI, YUNUSA RUKAYYA; & KWASHABAWA, BALA BAKWAI
Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education and Extension Services, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to find the relationship between teachers’ record keeping and principals’ administrative efficiency in public senior secondary schools in north west zone, Nigeria. The research was a Correlation Research and a sample of 370 was drawn from selected public senior secondary school principals and teachers. The questionnaires were titled Teachers’ Record Keeping Questionnaire (TRKQ) with 28 items, and Principals’ Administrative Efficiency (PAEQ) with 15 items. The instruments were expert validated and after the validation, some items were modified, removed and added. A trial test was conducted and the reliability index was computed using the Cronbach Alpha method of internal reliability. The reliability index obtained were 0.75, and 0.78 respectively. The data was collected by the researcher and two research assistants using Direct Delivery and Retrieval Technique (DDRT). Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The study found that there is a positive and significant relationship between teachers’ record keeping and principals’ administrative efficiency in public senior secondary school in north west zone, Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended that: Teachers should keep a record of all students in class and arrange it accordingly for easy retrieval at any point in time. These records are; class register, assessment and result record, progress report, report cards, class list, teaching aids collected, used and outstanding. Suggestions for further research were given and they include; similar study can be conducted to investigate the relationship between principals’ record keeping and its administrative effectiveness in secondary schools.
Keywords: Record Keeping, Administrative Efficiency
IMPACT OF RICE HUSK WASTE IN SOIL STABILIZATION.
1ULOKO, JOSIAH ONU; 1 USMAN MOHAMMED MANSUR; & 2CALEB B. C.
1Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. 2Department of Rectory, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Many research works have been carried out all over the world in the direction of utilizing different Agricultural waste product in the stabilization technique of soil. From the literature available it is found that little research has been done the effect of agricultural waste on tropical soil. This project work therefore presents the result of a laboratory study undertaken to investigate tropical soil and the effect of Rice Husk Ash (RHA). The laboratory tests carried out on the natural and stabilized soils include Natural moisture content, Specific gravity, particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Unconfirmed Compressive Strength (UCS). The soil was mixed separately for conducting different tests under the same conditions with RHA from 0 to 15% at an increment of 3% by dry weight of the soil. Mixes were prepared and the above mention tests were conducted on the sample according to the standards of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). From the conclusions of the test results, it was found that the liquid limit of the soil decreased from 52 % to 27% when RHA and cement was added from 0 to 15% and from the MDD it increased from 1.74mg/m3 to 2.78mg/m3and the UCS value increased from 2.88kg/cm2 to 7.83kg/cm2. Based on the result it can be concluded that RHA gave satisfactory results in the stabilization of the soil.
Keywords: Rice Husk Ash (RHA), Tropical soil, Index Properties, Stabilization, Unconfined compressive test.
DESIGN OF A BERRY SPRAY DRYER: A CASE OF TOMATOES AND TOMATILLOS
CHIAGOROM, V. C.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma Nigeria.
Abstract
Berry spray dryers are designed for the purpose of drying beat sensitive agricultural products such as tomatoes and tomatillos in order to increase their shelf life and make them available all year round. It is used to produce fruit juice powders. The physiochemical properties of powders produced by spray drying depend on the variables of process and/or operating parameters. Post-harvest loss in tomatoes and tomatillos is a major problem in the market supply chain of small farm holders.
Key words: Spray dryers, tomatoes powders, tomatillo powders, shelf- life, heat and heat sensitive agricultural products.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL STUDIES IN PROMOTING NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN NIGERIA
YAKUBU TABITHA GARBA & DAUDA NATHAN JAMIYAL
Department of Public Administration, Gombe State Polytechnic, Bajoga
Abstract
This paper has been able to examine the role of social studies in facilitating National consciousness. It has been able to do justice to what social studies entails, the challenges associated with it in its efforts in promoting national consciousness and the way forward. It has been able to identify national consciousness as a shared sense of national identity; a shared understanding that a people group shares a common ethnic/linguistic/cultural background. The apparent euphoria that characterized the expectation of the founding fathers of Social Studies Education in Nigerian Schools appears to be flagging in the face of society characterized by moral decadence and man-made woes. This has made it difficult to be able to achieve the promotion of national consciousness in Nigerians and hence a hindrance to national development. The source of data was primarily, secondary
Keywords: Social Studies, National Consciousness, Promoting, Nigeria.
INNOVATION, TECHNOLOGICAL ADOPTION AND SUSTAINABILITY IN FAMILY BUSINESSES OF OYO STATE.
ABUBAKAR SARAFADEEN BAYO & SOLIU RASAQ ADESINA
The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki
Abstract
This paper explores the interplay between innovation, technological adoption, and sustainability within family businesses in Oyo State. This study aims to investigate the impact of innovation and technology on the sustainability of family businesses in Oyo State. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study provides insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by these businesses in adopting technology while maintaining a sustainable approach. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with family business owners and quantitative data analysis. The population of this study, which comprises all staff of selected family firms in Oyo State, amounted to 1,221; according to Taro Yamani formula, a sample size of 301 was used to get the results. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between innovation and the sustainability of family-owned businesses in Oyo State. Also, findings show that technology has an impact on the sustainability of family businesses in Oyo State. Lastly, the outcome of the research shows that family businesses in Oyo State adopt technology to improve their operations. This research concludes that the sustainability of family-owned firms largely depends on innovation and technological adoption.
Keywords: Family businesses, Innovation, Technological adoption, Sustainability, Oyo State
EXPLORING DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC FINTECH IN NIGERIA
KABIR IBRAHIM
Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic, Bali
Abstract
Government initiatives, start-ups, and customers are driving force behind the growth of Fintech ecosystem. Thus, Islamic FinTech can be best enhance through proper supervision by regulatory authorities and strong Shari’ah board. This paper aims to explore the existence of Islamic FinTech in Nigeria and gives some recommendations, if any, to improve Islamic FinTech development in the country. It uses qualitative methodology to extract information from stakeholders such as; regulators and operators, using semi structured interview. This research finds that the CBN and SEC both play important roles in regulating Islamic FinTech even though they haven’t released any regulations that specifically address it. Islamic FinTech can best be develop through Islamic banks in Nigeria, however, these banks, do not specifically operate Islamic FinTech. With regards to existence or otherwise of Islamic FinTech this study received mixed reaction about Islamic FinTech existence in Nigeria. Some are on the view that there is no different between Islamic FinTech platforms and conventional FinTech so long it does not infringe on the sharia guidelines, while others are on the opinion that FinTech must certified the requirement of Islamic principles, as such there exist no Islamic FinTech in Nigeria.
Keywords: Islamic Fintech, Banks, Regulators, operators, Shari’ah, ecosystem
INTEGRATION OF DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCE IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM USING OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE
HASSAN ADAMU DAY, HARUNA MOHAMME
Department of Electrical and Electronics, Mai Idris Alooma Polytechnic, Geidam, Yobe State.
ABSTRACT
To fulfil the load requirement and enhance the system performance, it is imperative to use renewable distributed generators optimally in the DS. In the present scenario minimization of power loss is a prominent research issue. Different researchers solved power loss reduction and voltage profile improvement problem in DS. Exact location and size determination of DERs are two crucial factors for identifying the exact location and capacities in two crucial factors affecting the DS performance. This research aims to reduce the power loss in the DS and facilitates an improvement in voltage profile of the system. First, the vulnerable nodes for placement of RDGs are identified by LSF method. Next, the sizes of DERs at determined places are found using optimisation techniques. Various constraints of the DS are included to solve the problem. Various cases are considered to analyse the performance. Further, most of the literature authors considered allocation of these sources independently. In this paper an integrated approach is proposed to solve DG and SC allocation problem mutually. Finally, the potency of the developed method is tested on 83 IEEE buses and also real test system (83 bus Taiwan systems) is considered. The obtained shows its dominance of the developed methodology in terms of better loss reduction and voltage profile improvement.
ANALYSIS OF VOLTAGE SAG FAULT IN POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
OFOMA, CHINEDU S.1 AND NWOSU N.O.2
Federal Polytechnic Oko
Abstract
The aim of distribution system is to deliver quality power supply with high level of reliability. Hence, when there is disturbance these disturbances are regarded as faults in the power system network. Faults can be defined as a flow of a massive current through improper path, which could cause enormous equipment damage which will lead to interruption of power, personal injury, or death, which at this point not accepted. The calculation of sag magnitude for a fault at a given location within a radial distribution system requires that the point of common coupling (PCC) between the fault and the load to be found. A distribution line fault model was developed in Simulink. The model was used to simulate and perform voltage sag analysis caused by line fault. There were scopes to measure the instantaneous waveforms of the phase voltages and RMS located at 33 kV, 11 kV and 0.415 kV buses that describe and represent each stage of the distribution system. Two fault blocks located at the 11 kV bus were used to simulate line fault and multistage fault. The simulation time was set as 0.4 second. The developed model was used to simulate various line faults such as single-phase to ground and two-phase to ground. The result shows that the magnitudes of the voltage largely drop with the period when the fault occurred especially two phase fault The simulation parameters are taking considering the distribution voltage level used in Nigeria power distribution grid.
Key words: Fault, voltage sag, distribution system
THE APPLICATION OF RIGHT OF SILENCE AT THE PRE-TRIAL STAGE; THE ROLE OF THE POLICE
GARBA DANLAMI HASSAN ESQ
School of Legal Studies, A.D. Rufai College of Education, Legal and General Studies, Misau LGA, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The fundamental objective of our criminal justice administration is to punish the guilty and protect the innocent. Thus, if an offence is committed the suspect is investigated and when a prima facie case of guilt is established against him, he is then charged to court. Foremost in the act of investigation is the police, though other special investigators with power to prosecute also exist side by side with the police. What is now to be resolved are, whether the Right to silence in its current application promote the concept of justice as envisaged by our criminal justice administration; whether a suspect in the hands of the police is equally entitled to Right(s); whether by virtue of the role played by the police, the right of silence is preserved at the pre-trial stage; or whether the right of silence is assertive and enforceable by the suspect in custody. The study within the purview of the principles of Right of silence and its relationship with investigators. Simply because daily offenders are apprehended and taken into custody, how are they (suspects) treated, while in custody. However, due to the significant attention accorded the police by the law greater attention will be focused on them. The manner and procedure of obtaining information and confession from suspect in custody is regulated and controlled whether the police in its duties do observe these regulatory checks or not will be unveiled.
AN APPRAISAL OF THE SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF VOTING PATTERN IN THIRD WORLD COMMUNITIES: THE NIGERIAN CASE.
ABUBAKAR UMAR; LAZARUS AYUBA BUDIDI; & ILIYA ELISHA
Gombe State Polytechnic Bajoga, School of General Studies
Abstract
There is no gainsaying that credible elections constitute a major factor in democracy, the way election is conducted in a country determines to a great extent the level of political culture, political participation, voting pattern, and good governance in the country. This paper is an appraisal of the sociological factors of voting pattern in the third world communities with a special consideration to Nigeria. The paper is objectively guided to appraised socio-cultural factors that influence voting pattern in the study area. In exhuming these factors, the research adopted the participatory observation method and the use of secondary data to achieving the aim of the research. The research also discovered that religion and ethnic affinity had strongly influenced voting pattern in the study area. The paper do recommends that an informed political ethics or objective electoral act devoid of elitist interest be enacted so as to cope parochialism in the political culture of the third world communities.
Key words: election, voting, voting pattern and political culture
THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL NORMS IN PERPETUATING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA
MUSLIM NASIRUDEEN ADE Esq.
The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State
Abstract
Nigerian women have suffered various forms of gender-induced violence from pre-colonial, through the colonial era and afterwards. Not even civilization and western education has changed most men’s perception of the Nigerian woman as someone who deserves some respect and dignity. In Africa, one of the many social dimensions arising from this gendered culture includes an acceptance of domestic violence. In this situation, religion and culture are viable tools used by the society to cage and afflict the women and girl-child. The male folks always carry themselves with a sense of superiority over the women; they see women as punching bags and nothing but a sex machine. This lopsided thinking has placed women in a tight corner where it is difficult for them to share their thoughts in the society. Domestic violence has also resulted in health problems for women and other disorders which have reduced their impact in their corners. This paper relied heavily on journals, reports, magazines and other established data to carry out its analysis. The paper however concluded that if domestic violence is not addressed, the negative impacts it will generate will be uncontrollable. Proper education of people on the evils of domestic violence and strategically formulating policies against offenders were recommended.
Keywords: domestic violence, girl-child, Africa, women, Nigerian
AN ANALYSIS OF RESETTLEMENT STRATEGIES IN BOKO HARAM INSURGENCE AFFECTED COMMUNITIES IN GUJBA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, YOBE STATE, NIGERIA (2018-2022).
MUSA ADAMU MAHDI
Department of Public Administration, Mai Idris Alooma Polytechnic Geidam, P.M.B 1020, Yobe State. Nigeria.
Abstract
The Boko Haram insurgency and terrorist conflict in Nigeria is a humanitarian crisis involving over 20,000 fatalities and almost 2.6 million refugees has arisen in Nigeria. Several strategies have been employed in an attempt at resolving the crises. The effort of government is however yielding result as peace is gradually returning to the region. What is of great concern now is the plight of the displaced persons (otherwise referred to as internally displaced persons). Although government is making efforts in rehabilitating and resettling the people by returning them to their original abode there are however, challenges and constraints in this regard, there is therefore the need to analyse the different strategies been employed by government and nongovernmental organizations in the bid to resettle and rehabilitation of the people in the aftermath of the crises. Findings revealed the need that the current resettlement and rehabilitation strategies is confronted with challenges and therefore there is the need to analyse and review it appropriateness, or otherwise, the Boko-Haram insurgent affected communities are in no doubt clamouring for revitalization and infrastructural rebuilt as well as adequate provision of social services, reconstruction of buildings and provision of adequate security for both life and properties, more than ever there is the need for peace building as a preventive measure towards curbing security challenges and enhancing harmonious coexistence.
Key words: Analysis, Resettlement, Insurgence, Strategy, Affected Communities, Boko- Haram.
AN EXAMINATION OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL AGROE-COLOGICAL FOOD SYSTEMS
NJOBDI, L.A.; BONI, P.G.; MUSA, M. N.; MAMUDU, A.; TERU, C. P.; & VANKE, S. C.
Department of Forestry Technology, Adamawa State College of Agricultural Ganye
Abstract
Given the urgent need for food security, the impact of climate change on agriculture and food distribution, and the impact of these factors on food security, we analyze the strategic processes involved in the adoption of agroecological food. We have identified the following characteristics of agroecological food: reducing the use of external resources, improving internal resources, efficiency, productivity, more work and more cooperation, to name a few. The list is made by content, equity and nutrition. We focus on the urban food context in the region and make some suggestions on how the agro-ecological food system can be implemented in urban areas. Agroecological food systems are designed for use by many in rural, urban environment and urban areas and have different cultures and contexts. Implementing agro-ecological food systems in urban and rural areas emphasizes the importance of diversity, knowledge of urban and rural areas, and planning for greater seasonal and large-scale food production. Urban and rural food systems provide a valuable and challenging starting point for understanding how food systems can be transformed to achieve significant, positive change. Food systems in the context of agroecology require social institutions, community development, sharing of learning and knowledge sharing, in addition to the support of appropriate institutions and legislation.
Key Word: Agroecological, food and problems
DESIGN CONSTRUCTION OF A PNEUMATIC PALM KERNEL SHELL SEPARATOR
CHIAGOROM, V.C.
Imo State Polytechnic, Orlu campus. Nigeria. Mechanical Engineering Department.
Abstract
Palm kernel is one of the products from palm oil mills. In kernels recovery plant, the separation of kernel and shell from cracked mixture is carried out using a combination of dry and wet separation. The separation device uses forced draught principle instead of usual induced draught. The air flow velocity in its separation column can be adjusted via the blower (damper) located at the ground or an elevated level. The effect of velocity and fan air speed in activity of separation must to be in consideration. The parameter that has been a monitored during the trials was dirt and shell content in production kernel, kernel loses and the effect of velocity on efficiency of separation. The system was capable to separate dried nuts and kernel shells. The total kernel from dry and wet separation also could be minimizing. This pneumatic or winnowing system also reduces the waste effluent from the mill promoting more environmental friendly technology for the oil palm industry.
Keywords: Palm kernel, pneumatic separator, dry palm kernel shell, winnowing
TRANSFORMING MINNA INTO A SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT SETTLEMENT IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
OWOLABI KEHINDE MARTINS; & PROF. A. A. OKIMAMHE
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
Minna’s economic development is constrained by unsustainable practices and inadequate resilience measures. The inefficient use of resources, reliance on non-renewable energy sources, and limited disaster preparedness contribute to economic losses and hinder the city’s ability to recover from shocks and stresses. There is a need to foster sustainable economic growth, create job opportunities, and enhance the city’s resilience to ensure long-term prosperity. Therefore, the aim of the study is to develop Minna into a sustainable and resilient North Central Nigerian settlement. Geospatial techniques, including Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing, were used for the analysis of satellite imagery and spatial data. These techniques aid in mapping land-use patterns, vegetation cover, and environmental changes over time. The finding presents a breakdown of key environmental challenges in Manna based on the number of mentions received for each issue. Among the challenges highlighted, air pollution emerges as the most frequently mentioned concern, accounting for 31.25% of the total mentions. This indicates a significant level of awareness and apprehension regarding air quality issues within the region. Water pollution follows closely behind with 25.00% of mentions, underscoring the importance of addressing water quality and contamination issues in Manna to safeguard public health and environmental sustainability. A remote sensing analysis of Landsat 7 and Imageries was conducted, the analysis revealed a significant vegetation cover loss in Minna city, as indicated by the analysis of Landsat imagery from 2003 to 2023, underscores the pressing need for sustainable urban development and environmental conservation efforts. The observed decline from 27,139 units to 20,145 units over a 20-year period highlights the challenges posed by urbanization, deforestation, and other human activities on green spaces within the city. The significant vegetation loss indicated by the NDVI analysis from 2003 to 2023 in Minna city aligns with the objective of evaluating the environmental impacts of urbanization. The decline in vegetation cover, as detected through remote sensing data, reflects the consequences of rapid urban development, deforestation, and land-use changes within the city. When comparing the findings and strategies from Minna’s case study with best practices from other regions where remote sensing has been effectively employed in urban transformation, insights from the green zone data analysis can provide valuable lessons. By examining how other regions have successfully preserved and expanded green zones through remote sensing applications, Minna can draw inspiration for enhancing its own green infrastructure. Strategies such as targeted reforestation, green roof initiatives, and urban greening programs can be adapted to suit Minna’s urban context, promoting biodiversity, mitigating urban heat islands, and enhancing the overall quality of life for residents.
Keywords: Urbanization, Transformation, Sustainable and Resilient Settlement
IMPACT OF ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF NIMBIA FOREST RESERVE, KADUNA STATE
ANGO, CASIMIR; & PROF. ABDULKADIR AISHA
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
In September 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations reported that Nigeria had the highest deforestation rate globally, losing approximately 3.7 percent of its forests annually. Between 2015 and 2020, the country experienced a significant decline, losing over half of its primary forests. The demand for resources driven by a growing population, increased standards of living, and poverty has led to the shrinking or disappearance of protected areas. Rural communities, facing daily needs, engage in various degrees of forest exploitation through activities such as farming, logging, and construction. This anthropogenic pressure has accelerated the depletion of Nigeria’s forest reserves. The aim of this research was to assess the impact of Anthropogenic activities on Nimbia forest reserve. The study’s objectives were to evaluate the dynamics of land use and land cover within Nimbia forest reserve, investigating the extent and pace of forest degradation if any in the designated study area from 1982 to 2023 and Modelling the influence of human activities on the forest reserve in future based on the current trends. Landsat TM series were used for imagery of 1987, 1993, 2003, 2013 while Landsat ETM was used to obtain imagery of 2022 all with resolution of 30m. The Land Cover classification of the study area were, water bodies, built-up areas, grassland, tree plantation and farmland/open space. The result of the LULC classification showed that there have been a steady growth of tree plantation from 8.242 km2 in 1983 to 17.131 km2 in 2023 representing a 48.15 percent jump over a period of forty years. Grassland shrunk drastically from 5.69 km2 to 0.642 km2 representing a 25.9% fall from 30.42 to 4.5% while farmland/ open space also reduced from 4.23km2 to 0.53km2. There was also reduction in build area from 1.7% to about 0.04 % and water bodies went further down from 0.10% to 0.001% of the total area. It is also important to note that due to the activities of bandits and kidnappers, settlements and farming activities have all diminished and therefore there it was found that there are relatively less Anthropogenic effects on the forest reserve. A simulated LULC change analysis for the year 2050 indicates an increase in tree plantation to about 98.2% while grassland, farmland/open space, build up area and water bodies will be negligible. The study recommends government implementation and enforcement of agro forest policies that will achieve the very essence of the forest reserve.
Keywords: Anthropogenic, Forest Reserve, and Nimbia Forest Reserve
ABSTRACT NO.2
DETECTION AND CORRECTION OF VIOLATIONS OF LINEAR MODEL ASSUMPTIONS BY MEANS OF RESIDUALS
REUBEN FRIDAY OSEMEKE1 JOHN NWABUEZE IGABARI 2 NWABENU DOMINIC CHRISTIAN 3
1Department of Statistics, University of Delta, Agbor, Nigeria. 2Department of Mathematics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. 3Department of Mathematics And Statistics. Ogwashi-Uku. Delta State Polytechnic
Abstract:
The examination of detection and correction of linear model violations by means of residuals is an important step in statistical analyses. Sometimes regression results are non-optimal, biased estimates, increase in Type 1 error rates, poor standard errors, untrustworthy confidence intervals, and insignificance F and T Test. This is as a result of assumption violations arising from non-normality, non-linearity, serial correlation, and multicollinearity All statistical analysis as well as graphical plots was carried out with SPSS 25 statistical package. The chi-squared test of two selected statistical test is greater than chi squared critical or sig value is less than 0.05. This shows evidence of heteroscedasticity(non-constant variance). The variance inflation factor (VIF) of predictors X1 and X3 are 50.603 and 49.286 which are appropriately high. This shows evidence of multicollinearity in the model. The ANOVA F test sig value of 0.112 is greater than 0.05. This shows overall non-significance relationship between the variables in the model and provides insight to other violations present. In all, the standardized residuals were used in the analysis instead of ordinary residuals. The Durbin Watson test statistics are 1.470 less than 1.5 specified benchmark showing evidence of serial correlation. Some adjustment such as increase in sample size with a linear and quadratic inheritance were made to correct all model violations and improve on the model through its test statistic, critical values, sig value and residual visual assessment. The best optimal transformation is when VIF is less than 2.500.The VIF<2.500 satisfies the classical regression of normality, constant variance, linearity, independent, with no outlier present and no multicollinearity present in the model.
Keywords: Detection, Correction of Violations, Linear Model Assumptions, Means of Residuals
IMPACT OF RADIO AGRICULTURAL PROGRAMMES ON FOOD INSECURITY IN NIGERIA (A study of selected Radio Stations in Ondo State)
ATINUKE OLUBUKADE AKINTAYO (PhD); & PETER TAIWO AJAYI
Department of Mass Communication, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State.
Abstract
Food insecurity is a pressing challenge in many developing countries, including Nigeria. Despite efforts to improve agricultural practices and food distribution systems, a significant proportion of the population continues to suffer from inadequate access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food. In this context, the role of radio agricultural programmes in addressing food insecurity has gained prominence due to their wide reach and potential to disseminate information to diverse populations. This paper examines the impact of radio programmes on food insecurity in Nigeria, with particular reference to selected radio stations in Ondo state, exploring their potential to raise awareness, promote agricultural best practices, enhance nutritional knowledge, and influence behaviour change related to food production, consumption, and waste reduction. The study employed a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative interviews with radio programme producers, listeners, and agricultural experts, along with quantitative data analysis of survey responses from a sample of radio programme listeners. The findings highlight the significant role of radio programmes in addressing food insecurity challenges by increasing knowledge, changing attitudes, and promoting sustainable practices. The paper concludes by discussing implications for policymakers, broadcasters, and other stakeholders, emphasizing the need for tailored and evidence-based programming strategies to maximize the impact of radio programmes on food security in Nigeria.
Keywords: Radio, Agricultural programmes, Food Insecurity, Food security, Listeners.
A DISTRIBUTED HEALTH MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR QUALITY DATA FAIRification (A case study of VODAN-AFRICA INITIATIVE)
IBRAHIM BILYAMIN AHMED; DR. IBRAHIM ABDULLAHI; & DR. ADAMU A. ISAH
Department of Computer Science, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Virus Outbreak Data Network (VODAN) started as a child of necessity to enable access to critical data needed from Africa to fight the novel Coronavirus. The initiative set out question to answer how data can be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR). The initiative discretely shared systems to some health facilities for data collection to answer the FAIR question but the aim was not achieved. A Distributed Hash Table (DHT) architecture was implemented to achieve the distributed system, this distributed system creates a FAIR Data Point (FDP) for data FAIRification. The localized CEDAR was used to create the template for data collection while an open-source app (Kobocollect) was link and used by the data stewards to collect data from the health facilities. Data stewards collected data from the various health facilities to help achieve the quality data for the system. The Naïve Bayes algorithm was used to determine the independency of the data while the K-Nearest Neighbour algorithm was used to show the relation of the data. The 2 algorithms were used to achieve the objectives of identifying the type of data. A distributed system was implemented which allows for data to be viewed by users using an ODK of the Kobocollect. As health data is supposed to be confidential, a security was put in place to secure the health data from unauthorized users. A back up system was also put into consideration in case of any data loss. Identification of data becomes easy for researchers as the similarities and differences of the data was shown in the study. In conclusion, a distributed system was designed to replace the existing discrete system used in data collection with the objectives of having quality data for data FAIRification. The distributed system is then used as the FDP for data FAIRification for researchers and policy makers. This has curbed the stress of collecting data from individual health facilities in terms of research, study, reference or policy making.
Keywords: Health Management Information System, VODAN-Africa, Distributed Health System, FAIR Data.
MODERATING EFFECT OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGRICULTURAL FINANCING AND FOOD PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA
*LAWAL MOHAMMED, PhD; **NURA MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM NA ALA, PhD; & **ALIYU AUDU GEMU, PhD
*International Centre of Excellence for Rural Finance and Entrepreneurship, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. **Department of Business Administration, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Abstract
This study examined the moderating effect of agricultural technological innovation on the relationship between agricultural financing and food production in Nigeria from 1990 to 2022. Agricultural Financing was measured using Agricultural Credits, Agricultural Savings and Agricultural Insurance. Food Production was measured using Agricultural Gross Domestic Product of Nigeria and the moderating variable of Agricultural Technology Innovation was measured using Global Innovation Index (GII). The unit root test resulted mixed stationarity of I(0),I(1), the study opted for the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model for its analysis. The bounds test for co-integration revealed that the variables are co-integrated in the long run and lag selection criteria settled for an optimal lag length of two. The long run results showed that AGC, AGS, AGC*ATI, AGS*ATI and AGI*ATI have long run significant effect on food production. While, AGC, AGS, AGI, AGC*ATI, AGS*ATI and AGI*ATI have significant positive effect the short run effect on food production in Nigeria all at 5% level of significance. The result indicted that agricultural financing has positive significance effect on food production in Nigeria and then moderating variable of ATI boosted the relationship between the agricultural financing and food production in Nigeria at both short and long run basis. It was recommended that the government of Nigeria should increase the allocation of agricultural financing in the budget and direct the agricultural financing institutions to allow for easy access to agricultural financing services towards achieving sustainable increase in food production in Nigeria.
Keywords: Agricultural Financing, Food Production, Technology, Innovation, food security.
AN ASSESSMENT OF SECURITY MEASURES ADOPTED IN MANAGEMENT OF GARKI AND WUSE MARKET, ABUJA, NIGERIA
OLEKA, JASPER OBINNA; & PROF. O.A. KEMIKI
Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The need for protecting market facilities has been long recognized. However, in Nigeria, the government has not shown interest in developing the relevant legislation, although they have relied on the old ways to safeguard market facilities in the country, the study therefore assessed the security measures adopted in the management of Garki and Wuse market in Abuja. Data used for the study were collected through primary source (field survey) using multiple sampling and convenience sampling techniques. This involved the shops occupiers and the security officers who could be reached out to base on their availability. Out of 334 questionnaires administered to shops occupiers in Garki market, 252 were correctly filled and used for the analysis while for Wuse market out of 343 questionnaires 284 were correctly filled and used for the analysis. Data collect for the study include the effectiveness of the security measures identified and the factors influencing the implementation and effectiveness of the security measure in the study area, using mean value and relative importance index respectively. The major finding of the study revealed that emergency exit routs for safety, security checkpoint, and regular drill on fire outbreak were identified as the ineffective measures in Garki market, while in Wuse market, construction of high fencing, installation of CCTV cameras, regular drill on fire outbreak and I.D verification were identified as the ineffective measures. The factors influencing security measures in Garki were resource constraint, lacke of trust and collaboration, market management culture among other, while in Wuse lack of trust appeared to be most significant factors influencing security measures. Therefore, the study conclude after analyzing various market security measures, that security measures effectiveness ultimately depends on a combination of factors such as the specific measures implemented, the level of enforcement and compliance, the sophistication of potential threats, and the agility of response mechanisms and recommended comprehensive approach incorporating both technological and human elements is essential which includes implementing advanced encryption protocols, multi-factor authentication, intrusion detection systems, and continuous monitoring for suspicious activities.
Keywords: Security, Market, Security measure, and Management
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SOME CULTIVARS ONION (Allium Cepa L.) GROWN IN BAUCHI STATE
MOHAMMED IBRAHIM
Department of Biological Science Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State.
Abstract
The experiment was conducted at the Tatari Ali farm in Azare, Bauchi State Nigeria to determine the effect of poultry manure, cow dung, NPK (15:15:15) and Urea on the growth and yield of Onion. The recommended rates of poultry manure (10 t/ha) cow dung (10 t/ha) NPK (400 kg/ha) and Urea (200 kg N/ha) were used as treatments with a control (0 kg/ha). These were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Measurements were taken on the growth and yield parameters and data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and signifcant means separated by GenStat at 5% probability level. The results revealed that all the treatments signifcantly (P<0.05) improved the growth and yield parameters of onion. NPK, produced signifcantly higher number of leaves (10.85a), followed by Urea (9.52b) poultry manure (9.34b) then cow dung (9.25b) and control 0kg/ha (8.04c). The highest bulb diameter was recorded with poultry manure (6.16 cm) and Bulb length was recorded with NPK (6.84a cm) and fresh bulb weight was signifcantly higher in poultry manure, and cow dung applications. The onion bulb yield is in order of poultry > cow dung > NPK > Urea > control. It is concluded that poultry manure application is better for the production of onion. The rate of photosynthesis was significally higher in Urea (14.27a) and NPK (13.19a). The chlorophyll estimation was significantly higher with treatment of NPK (0.0040a) and Urea (0.0035b) was recorded. Among the cultivars ‘kwadon local’ had the highest number of leaves (9.72) followed by ‘Agrifound’ (9.09) the bulb diameter was significantly higher with ‘kwadon local’ (5.63). Bulb weight (30.17) found with ‘kwadon local’. And Rate of photosynthesis was significally higher in ‘kwadon local’ (12.35) and chlorophyll estimation was found in to be higher in ‘Agrifound’ (0.0030) for optimum production of onion. ‘Kwadon local’ cultivar is recommended to farmers during rainy.
Keywords: Onion, Organic fertilizer, Inorganic fertilizer, Yield
AN EVALUATION OF FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL STRATEGIES IN THE DESIGN OF SHOPPING MALL, JAHI ABUJA
YAHAYA, M. S.; AND AYUBA P.
Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Fire is one of the most important discoveries that has emerged for various reasons throughout human history. However, it has also been an essential source of risks and hazards for life and property. The most important thing that should be done to prevent the heat from becoming a conflagration is to prevent the fire from occurring. Therefore, fire safety is gaining importance. Hence, this study assessed the fire prevention and control strategies in the design of the shopping mall, JAHI ABUJA. Ten case studies within Abuja were examined, and the findings revealed that, as regards emergency exits, 90% of the sampled case studies had emergency exits; all the case studies had emergency staircases; 60% had a clear path of travel to exits; and the findings showed findings as regards the passive fire safety features in shopping malls. The findings revealed that all the shopping malls had no smoke or fire detectors. The findings revealed that all the shopping mall had an emergency fire resistance refuge point and smoke and heat vents; 80% of the case studies had emergency vehicular access. The paper concludes that there is a need to increase awareness of fire safety measures among users and staff of shopping malls. It is, therefore, recommended that the provision of fire safety training and instructions, such as posters for users and seminars for staff of shopping malls, be a main focus of shopping mall owners and responsible authorities.
Key words: Control Strategies, Design, Fire, Prevention, shopping mall,
ASSESSING THE CHALLENGES THAT HINDER SMEs SUCCESS IN TENDERING FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
GABRIEL ODUDU AGBIDI; & JOSEPH K. MAKINDE
Department of Project Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The need for reduction in the challenges that affects the construction project performances of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) remains inimical to the expected stability, growth and development of these SMEs in Nigeria. This study thus, empirically reviews the challenges that disrupt the success of the SMEs in tendering for construction project. The study applies a mixed-research approach in which both quantitative and qualitative data analysis were employed. While empirical review approach was adopted for this study, the result outlines the top challenges that have inundated the performances of the construction SMEs. This study concludes that financial challenges, infrastructural problem, management problems, marketing challenges and technological challenges are the top factors triggering the challenges in the SMEs tendering success for construction projects in Nigeria. This study recommended financial training is also recommended to instill discipline and prevent SMES from falling into financial crisis. Training will improve their skills to manage their funds and bookkeeping. It also emphasize the need for the government to provide requisite infrastructural facilities such as electricity provision, good road network as well the provision of requisite subsidies on construction materials can facilitates better SMEs performances.
Keywords: Construction Projects, Empirical Review Nigeria, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Tendering
EFFECT OF COMPENSATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT BILAAD REALTY ESTATE- ABUJA-NIGERIA
*RAYYAN YUSUF; **HABIBA SANI; ***MUSA, LEAH; & ****HAUWA GARBA AHMED
*Department of Business Administration, Federal University Kashere, Gombe State. **Salford Business School, University of Salford, Manchester. ***Department of Business Administration, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State. ****Department of ocial Sciences and Administration, School of Continuing Education, Bayero University, Kano
ABSTRACT
In modern business practices, compensation serves as a crucial tool for attracting, retaining, and motivating employees. This study explores the effect of compensation on employee performance, focusing on salaries, bonuses, promotions, and rewards as proxies for compensation. Taro Yamani formula was used to determine the sample size of 77 respondents from the total population. Data collected were presented, interpreted and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 2.1 was employed to analyze the data obtained. Through a thorough analysis, it was found that these components of compensation exhibit a positive relationship with employee performance. Specifically, competitive and satisfactory salary packages are associated with enhanced employee output. Bonuses are found to contribute positively to employee performance, indicating that their presence leads to improved productivity. Similarly, promotions demonstrate a positive relationship with employee performance, suggesting that career advancement opportunities enhance employee dedication and effectiveness. Furthermore, a well-structured reward system is shown to positively impact employee performance, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and incentivizing employee contributions. These findings hold significant implications for organizations, including Bilaad Realty estate Abuja, highlighting the need for effective compensation strategies to motivate and retain a high-performing workforce. By understanding the nuanced relationships between specific compensation components and employee performance, organizations can tailor their approaches to achieve overall organizational success.
Keywords: Compensation, employee, performance, Salary, Bonuses and Reward
A REVIEW OF THE EFFECT OF POST HARVEST HANDLING ON THE SHELF LIFE OF SELECTED INDIGENOUS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS: A CASE STUDY OF YAM.
CHIAGOROM, V. C.
Mech. Engineering Dept, Imo State Polytechnic, Orlu campus
ABSTRACT Both quantitative and qualitative losses occur at all stages in the post harvest handling system of the distribution chain of yam (from harvesting, through handling, packing, storage and transportation to final delivery of the fresh produce to the consumer). The study investigated the post-harvest handling of yam and needed information by farmers in Kogi and Benue States, Nigeria. The population of this research comprise of all the yam farmers in the two states. Data were collected from 240 yam farmers who were randomly selected from the four agro-ecological zones of Kogi State (Zone A, B, C and D) and three zones of Benue State (A, B and C) using interview schedule. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data collected. Results show that most (78.75%) of the farmers were engaged in transporting of yam from farm to home, home to markets or farm to markets. Analysis on the level of information needs shows that 50.00% of the yam farmers were highly in need of information on storage of tubers in the study area. Analysis on the access of yam farmers to improved post-harvest management technologies shows that majority (77.50%) of the yam farmers had access to improved transportation system and 14.28% had least access to storage of yams in the warehouse. It is recommended that farmers should have access to information on improved postharvest management, and the practices of some effective indigenous post-harvest m anagement of yam would ensure better value addition on yam.
Keywords: postharvest spoilage and losses, postharvest handling of yam, transportation of harvested yam, storage (yam barns), preservation, drying, cleaning, sorting, grading.
DETERMINING THE CAUSES OF UNETHICAL PROFESSIONAL METHODS IN NIGERIA PUBLIC BUILDING PROCUREMENT.
1RAJI M. MUDASHIR, 2EBENEHI IBRAHIM YAKUBU, 2SHUAIBU NURU MAMMAN & 2ABUBAKAR AHMED YAU
1Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi-Nigeria 2Department of Building technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi-Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Procurement for public construction is used as tool for well-being in term of the economic, social and environmental of a nation, as well as a strategic means for reducing unethical practices in the use of public funds. Nonetheless, Unethical professional method negates the main objective of professional ethics; by implication unethical professional method is a way that professionals disrespect the interest of their clients which translate to the wider public interest not recognized and respected. Hence, this study investigated the factors that constitute unethical professional practices in public building procurement in Nigeria. Questionnaire survey was used to elicit data from public building professionals in Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria, through a disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. The finding shows no statistical difference in respondents mean scores on what constitute unethical professional practices. Factors of unethical professional practices were ranked to be moderately severe and severe. This study recommends: stakeholders in tendering procedure adheres strictly to ethical requirements, public procurement Act be reviewed, improvement on conditions of public servants in Nigeria and appointment of credible leaders in public procurement agencies.
Keywords: Nigeria, professional practices, public building procurement, unethical
AN APPRAISAL OF THE SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF VOTING PATTERN IN THIRD WORLD COMMUNITIES: THE NIGERIAN CASE.
ABUBAKAR UMAR; LAZARUS AYUBA BUDIDI; & ILIYA ELISHA
Gombe State Polytechnic Bajoga, School of General Studies
Abstract
There is no gainsaying that credible elections constitute a major factor in democracy, the way election is conducted in a country determines to a great extent the level of political culture, political participation, voting pattern, and good governance in the country. This paper is an appraisal of the sociological factors of voting pattern in the third world communities with a special consideration to Nigeria. The paper is objectively guided to appraised socio-cultural factors that influence voting pattern in the study area. In exhuming these factors, the research adopted the participatory observation method and the use of secondary data to achieving the aim of the research. The research also discovered that religion and ethnic affinity had strongly influenced voting pattern in the study area. The paper do recommends that an informed political ethics or objective electoral act devoid of elitist interest be enacted so as to cope parochialism in the political culture of the third world communities.
Key Words: Election, Voting, Voting Pattern and Political Culture
“THE EFFECT OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE: IN SELECTED FEDERAL COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA”
ADAMU HASSAN SHINGA & USMAN MOHAMMED
Department of Public Administration, School of Management Studies, Gombe State Polytechnic, Bajoga (GSPB), Gombe State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The study examined the Effect of Performance Management System on Employees’ Performance, using selected Federal Colleges of Education in north East, Nigeria. Relevant theoretical and empirical literatures were reviewed. The study was anchored on feedback theory. The population of the study was 3,296 and the sample size was 346 using Krejcie & Morgan table. Cluster and Simple random sampling techniques were used to select the respondents. Primary source of data collection was adopted. The study used structured questionnaire as instrument for data collection. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) V. 23.0 was used to analyse the data. The study used both Descriptive and inferential statistics in analysing data. Specifically, Ordinal logistic regression was used in answering research questions 1,2 and 3. Findings of the study revealed that Performance Management System has a positive and significant effect on Employees’ Performance. Therefore, the study recommended that Public Organizations should improve on the current Annual Performance Evaluation Report(APER). and should pay adequate attention, monitor and lay emphases on 3600 Feedback Appraisal technique to improve employees’ performance, since it was found to have high positive and significant effect on Employees’ Performance. Also Public Organizations should place little or less emphases on Management by Objective Appraisal since this technique was found to have weak but significant effect on Employee Performance.
Key Words: Performance Management System, Annual Performance Evaluation Report (APER), 3600 Feedback Appraisal Technique, Management by Objective Appraisal Technique and Employees’ Performance.
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF ADAPTIVE NEURO-FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM BASED BOOST CONVERTER USING MATLAB SOFTWARE
JIMOH, A.A.1*; IROMINI. N.A.2; IBRAHIM, M.A.3; ADENIRAN. R.T.4; SALAWU G. 5.
1*Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Nigeria. 2Department of Computer Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria. 3Department of Computer Science, Federal polytechnic Offa, Nigeria. 4Departmemt of Library and Information Science, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Nigeria. 5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal polytechnic Offa, Nigeria.
Abstract
This research explores the integration of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) into the design and simulation of a boost converter within the MATLAB Simulink environment. Boost converters play a crucial role in power electronics, necessitating continuous improvements in their efficiency and control techniques. The application of ANFIS as a control mechanism introduces a dynamic and intelligent approach to optimize the converter’s performance. The ANFIS model was trained using hybrid algorithm and tested for its ability to control the output voltage of the boost converter. The results showed that the ANFIS model was able to successfully control the output voltage, with minimal error. The ANFIS model was found to be robust and efficient, and it has the potential to be used in a variety of applications, such as power electronics and renewable energy systems. Validation of the simulation results was addressed through comparisons with theoretical calculations and experimental data. This study contributes to the advancement of boost converter control techniques, showcasing the efficacy of ANFIS in enhancing overall performance.
Keywords: Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Boost Converter, Hybrid algorithm, MATLAB Simulink, Simulation.
MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM (SCENT LEAF) : A Review
OKOYE, C. I.; ADAMU, B. B.; ABUBAKAR, Z. I.; IDRIS, H. A.; MAIDAWA, G. L; MUSTAPHA, F. A.; AYEGBA, S. O.; & ABDALLAH, H.Y.
National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Ocimum gratissimum is a well-known plant used in the Indian system of medicine. Folklore medicine claims its use in headache, fever, diarrhoea, pneumonia etc. Research carried out using different in vitro and in vivo techniques of biological evaluation supports most of the claims.
The ethanolic extract of the leaves of Ocimium gratisimum L. (Lamiaceae), used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments such as urinary tract, wound, skin and gastrointestinal infections, was evaluated for its antibacterial properties against four clinical bacteria isolates namely: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the antifungal properties using a clinical isolate of Candida albicans. This review paper presents the ethnobotanical, natural product chemistry, pharmacological, clinical information of the plant.
Key words: Ocimum gratissimum Pharmacological Extract Plant
A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH AND ISSUES REGARDING TOURISM AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
1BONI,P.G., 1NJOBDI,A.L..,1TERU,C,P., 1VANKE,S.C 1 ,MAMUDU ,A AND 1 MUSA,M.N
1Department of Forestry Technology,Aadamawa State College of Agriculture ,Ganye. 2Department of Home and Rural Economic, Aadamawa State College of Agriculture, Ganye
Abstract
A significant body of academic literature has recently examines tourism challenges using a relatively new set of tourism ideas as a result of increasing awareness among tourism scholars of the connections between tourism and natural resource management. In many rural areas across the world, seemingly new types of tourism are now promoted as an environmentally safe foundation for economic development. These types of tourism include nature-based tourism, ecotourism, and sustainable tourism. The USDA Forest Service is now interested in these new types of tourism due to the effects that these changes are having on regional economies, such as the decline in timber harvests and rise in recreation on national forest lands. Outdoor recreation, which has been a management goal of National Forests since their origin, is strongly tied to new types of tourism. This paper explains the terms “nature-based tourism,””ecotourism,” and “sustainable tourism,” offers a broad review of related concerns and studies, and identifies possible directions for further investigation. The purpose of this overview is to give a broad overview of the existing literature so that academics and decision-makers may use it as a starting point for more in-depth studies on tourism and natural resource management.
IMPACT OF HUMAN AND MATERIAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY IN ADAMA BEVERAGES
1ABDULHAMID ISAH, 2HABU JINGI UMAR & 3ABDULRAZAK NUHU
1Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Mubi. 2Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic Mubi. 3Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic Mubi.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to impact of Human and Material Resource Management on productivity in Adama Beverages. The specific objectives for the study are to examine the impact of human resource management on material resources in Adama Beverages, analyse the impact of human resource management on productivity in Adama Beverage, assess the impact of material resource management on the productivity in Adama Beverages and examine the impact of human and material resource management in productivity. This study conducted through survey research design. The target population of this study was employees of Adama Beverages and the sample size consisted of 152 respondents. The data was gathered from the employees Adama Beverages through questionnaire, and the data was analyzed with the help of SPSS version 20. The study found significance strong and positive impact of Human resource management has no significant impact on material resource management, human resource management has no significant impact on productivity, Management resource management has no significant impact on productivity. The study recommended that Adama Beverages should provide continuous development of their human and material resources and capacity in order produce good performance.
INVESTIGATION INTO THE CAUSES OF DROPOUT OF LOWER PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA.
*ADEYANJU, CHRISTIANS TAIWO; & **OLATUNJI, SAHEED OLAWALE
*Department of Primary Education, Federal College of Eduction (Special) Oyo, Oyo State. **Department of Early Childhood Care and Education, School of Early Childhood Care, Primary, Adult and Non- Formal Education (ECPAE), Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo, P.M.B 1089, Oyo State.
Abstract
This study investigated the causes of school dropout of lower primary school pupils with hearing impairment. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study while the sample for the study comprised ten special teachers from two schools in Ibadan metropolis. An interview schedule consisting of three questions was used for data collection. Data collected was analyzed using thematic approach. The result showed that the school dropout rate of pupils with hearing impairment range from 16% to 70 %, female pupils with hearing impairment drop out than male pupils and the causes of the school dropouts include early sexual exposure, disobedience to school authorities, theft, unwanted pregnancy, parental financial constraints, higher school fees, family issues, lack of parental care, peer influence, poor parental attitude to education, poverty, low academic interest, societal influence, arranged marriages, unruly behaviours, and bad attitude to girl education. It was recommended among others that sensitization programmes should be aired on media to discourage parents from forcing their wards to early marriages, government at all levels should build more schools that will accommodate the timing population in our society and government at all levels should truly provide feeding programmes in schools and supervise it religiously.
Keywords: School dropout and hearing impairment
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON THE IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON THE ENVIRONMENT OF AGAIE-LAPAI AND KONTAGORA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS NIGER STATE
SULEIMAN, ABDULKADIR; & PROF. M. MUHAMMED
Department of Geography. Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
As the world continues its fight to tackle climate change, researchers and policymakers are working tirelessly to put forward information on the root causes, drivers, solutions and recommendation to climate crisis. In order to achieve this, researchers are required to essentially identify the factors in our environment responsible for expediting global warming. The aim of the study was to compare and analyze rate and effect of deforestation on the environment of Agaie, Lapai, and Kontagora Local Government Areas of Niger state, Nigeria. The objectives were to; Identify the nature of land cover characteristics of the study areas; Analyze the trend of land use land cover changes from 1987-2022; Examine the effect of these changes on the vegetation as well as land surface temperature and Compare the changes in the environment of Agaie, Lapai and Kontagora Local Government Areas and also Simulation of future land cover of the areas for the year 2050 if the prevailing trend persists. Satellite imageries include Landsat 4 TM (1987) Landsat ETM+ (2000) and Operational Land Imager (OLI) (2022), all with a resolution of 30m were used. The Land Cover classification of the study area were, water bodies, built-up areas, grassland, bare surface, forests, and farmland. In the year 1987, forest and grassland had the largest land area for all study locations with a 35.27% and 32.84% respectively in Agaie-Lapai together with 42.05% and 24.43% respectively in Kontagora. By the year 2022 however, forest cover had diminished to just 23.95% of the entire Agaie-Lapai area whereas a decrease of 11.32% in forest cover was witnessed in Kontagora. As the natural vegetation of the study areas diminished over the study period, and increase in Land Surface Temperature was observed.
Keywords: Land Surface Temperature, Deforestation, Environment, and Vegetation
SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECT ON HOUSING QUALITY IN LAFIAGI TOWN, NIGERIA
NDAGI ALHASSAN IDRIS AND HARUNA DANLADI MUSA
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State
Abstract
Housing quality is a critical aspect of the overall well-being and health of individuals and families. However, there are significant socioeconomic factors that can influence housing quality and access to safe, healthy, and affordable housing. This study examines the impact of socioeconomic factors on housing quality in Lafiagi, a city in Indonesia. A sample of 396 residents was surveyed using stratified random sampling, and the relationship between socioeconomic attributes and housing quality was assessed. The results showed that income and education significantly influence housing quality, with correlation coefficients of 0.52 and 0.48, respectively. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.64) was found between the housing quality index and socioeconomic attributes in Lafiagi. The findings suggest that improving socioeconomic conditions may be a key strategy for improving housing quality and promoting positive outcomes for individuals and communities. The study provides valuable insights into the relationship between housing quality and socioeconomic factors in Lafiagi, aiming to promote overall well-being.
Keywords: Housing Quality, Socioeconomic attributes, Wellbeing, Lafiagi,
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL HYDROGEN CONTENT OF PLANT BIOMASS USING NEUTRON REFLECTION TECHNIQUE
*AMINU ISMAILA1, RABIU NASIRU1, MUHAMMAD USMAN KAISAN2, NURADEEN NASIRU GARBA1, ABDULLAHI MUHAMMAD VATSA1
1Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
ABSTRACT
The hydrogen content of solid biomass plays a significant role in determining the energy content of biomass in determining its suitability to be used as fuel in for heating applications. For most biomass, there is a direct relationship between their calorific value and the total hydrogen. This study measured the total hydrogen content of ten selected plant biomass by Neutron Reflection Technique (NRT). A 37 GBq 241Am-Be neutron source and 3He probe are used in the analysis. Standard in the form of 100% graphite plus water was used in obtaining the calibration line for thermal neutron from which the total hydrogen content of various biomass was computed. The ten sampled biomass are groundnut shells, wheat Husks, Corn cobs, rice Husks, sawdust, maize husks, Guinea Corn Husks, palm kernel shells, locust bean pods and orange peel. The result of this study shows that sawdust and corn cob have the highest percentage of hydrogen of 5.9831 (wt%) and 4.0519 (wt%) respectively. Guinea corn husk has the lowest percentage of hydrogen which is 1.7881 (wt%). This indicates that sawdust has the highest potential to provide hydrogen as an energy carrier and corn husk has the least for the range of the samples analysed. The results of this analysis compared well with the previous data obtained from other analytical methods for some of the samples. This confirmed that the application of NRT technique can be extended to the analysis of hydrogen/water content for agricultural biomass for quality control and renewable energy development. This study has application in determining the total hydrogen content of biomass for hydrogen energy and environmental impact.
Keywords: Biomass, calorific value, energy content, neutron reflection, total hydrogen
THE PLACE OF INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN TRANSFORMING THIRD WORLD COMMUNITIES TO EVOLVE AS A GLOBAL NATION
1 EKAHINU, DAVID OWOICHO and 2 ULOKO, JOSIAH ONU
1Department of Civil Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. 2Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Transformation agender for third world communities in evolving as global developed nation entails a lot of work and dedication by all. This agender is a complex one in that it involves consideration into several key aspects of which infrastructural development such as, adequate housing facilities, good transportation modalities, good water supply and sanitation is of essence requiring a good knowledge of problem solving and design modeling to be harness by the engineer. Understanding the use of engineering AI’s and apps as related to construction law and standard are fundamental for sustainable developmental transformation which forms’ the focus of the study using protastructure for design. The Nigeria university system send out graduates yearly comprising of young engineers (civil engineers) with little or no experience whatsoever in putting classroom activities into actual practice hence the need for a guide to effectively execute design without exceeding the ultimate and serviceability limit state of a project design phase and execution stage, These makes protastructure comes handy for the young structural engineer as it is a comprehensive tool that enables efficient and accurate structural engineering design, analysis, detailing, and documentation. These research work sourcing materials via, journals, writeups, newspapers and podcast, review the use of protastructure app in proffering solution on structural designs via structural modeling and detailing, it seeks to provide the reader with the knowledge of protastructure operations. Also, how to model design and provide drawing details for execution. It also notes the importance and effectiveness of employing protastructure as a means to find a lasting solution to the challenges of failed structures, good enough it is the most sort app among practitioners. Its use has proved to be very effective in helping to speed up the design process.
Key words: Protastructure, Detailing, Infrastructure, Transforming and Third World