CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ANALYSIS (CJMSBA)
VOL. 24 NO. 7 – MARCH, 2022 EDITION
Published by:
Cambridge Research and Publications International,
Africa (Nigeria): Centre for African Humanity and Development Circle
(CAHDC), University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Email: cambridgenigeriapublications@gmail.com
Copyright © 2022 Cambridge Research and Publications International.
Papers:
EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ON PERFORMANCE OF BAKERIES IN MINNA, NIGER STATE. A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW
YUSUF, M.A.; ZUBAIRU, U. (PHD); & YUSUF, A.A.
Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Studies, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of organizational structure on the performance of bakeries in Minna, Niger State. The study adopts a cross-sectional research design via the use of close-ended questionnaire. The instrument was tested using face and content validity, and to check the internal consistence test and retest method was employed. The study chooses a sample size of 312 respondents using Taro Yamane (1967) formular from a total population of 1413 (approximately) bakeries employees within Minna. Similarly, ramdom sampling was used to give each bakery out of the 74 registered bakeries equal chance of being selected. To achieve the study objective Simple Linear Regression Analysis was use. The variables used to measure the independent variable (Organizational Structure) are; nature of formalization, nature of hierarchical layer and organizational boundary while the variable used to measure the dependent variable (Performance) is productivity.
Keywords: Organizational Structure, Performance, Covid-19, Bakeries.
THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS IN PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF PLATEAU STATE
*LONGSEN LAWERENCE; & **NWACHUKWU KINGSLEY
*Bursary Department, Plateau State University, Bokkos, Plateau State. **Department of Banking and Finance, University of Jos, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Developing countries like Nigeria with few financial resources are more particular about the use of their financial resources. It is argued that to ensure an effective use of financial resources, different stakeholders have different roles to play in the public financial management process. This article assesses the role of civil society organizations as a stakeholder in the public financial management process of Plateau state Nigeria. The study adopted a qualitative and quantitative research approach and sampled ten civil society organizations from Plateau state. The study observed that civil society organizations play a very significant role in effective management of public finance. More so, the findings suggest that civil society organizations’ quality of approach toward transparency and accountability enhances positive performance of public financial management in Plateau state. The study recommended among others that a comprehensive and robust regulatory oversight of the state implementation actors be ensured through strong and sound legislative backings.
Keywords: civil society organization, public financial management
CAPITAL STRUCTURE, LIQUIDITY AND INVESTMENT GROWTH OF LISTED CONGLOMERATE FIRMS IN NIGERIA: MODERATING EFFECT OF FIRM SIZE
OLORUNTOBA, DAVID ADEYEMI; **AYODELE TITITLAYO BLESSING; & *ADEOYE VINCENT OLUSEYI
*Department of Banking and Finance, University of Jos. **Federal Polytechnic, Gombe State
Abstract
This study examines the moderating effects of short term, long term and liquidity and on investment growth, using listed conglomerate firms in Nigeria. The main objective of the study is to ascertain the level to which short term, long term and liquidity influences the investment growth of listed conglomerate firms in Nigeria from 2011-2020 and how the effect is moderated by firm size. The methodology employed is the use of secondary data and the ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consists of all six conglomerate firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at December, 2020. The study used multiple regression as a tool of analysis. Findings show that Short Term Debt does not have significant effect, while Long Term Debt has a significant positive effect on investment growth of listed conglomerate firms in Nigeria. Also, the study found that firm size has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between short term debts as well as on liquidity on investment growth. The study recommends that conglomerate firms should maintain a minimal level of short term debt and liquidity because tying down too much of its current assets will reduce investment opportunities. Similarly, the management of listed conglomerate firms should increase the level at which the organizations use Long Term Debt to finance their business activities, as this may go a long way in increasing the investment opportunity potentials of the organizations.
Keyword: Capital Structure; Liquidity; Investment Growth; Conglomerate Firm
EXAMINE RECORDS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AS CORRELATE FOR EFFECTIVE INFORMATION SERVICE DELIVERY AND UTILISATION IN CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION IN NIGER STATE
MAHMUD, ABDULMALIK ABUBAKAR1 AND PROF. PHILIP U. AKOR2
Library and Information Technology Dept., Federal University of Technology, Minna
Abstract
This paper assessed the records management practices as a correlate for effective information service delivery and utilisation in civil service commission in Niger State. The study was guided by five objectives and five corresponding research questions. Survey research design method was adopted for the study. The total population for the study was fifty-four (54) administrative staff in Civil Service Commission in Niger State. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. Out of fifty-four (54) copies of questionnaire administered. Descriptive statistical tool involving frequency counts and percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. The findings of the study revealed that the civil service commission adopts policies and procedures for creating and storing records both in print and electronic format. Similarly, administrative staff agreed that efficient access and utilisation of government record is achieved through proper record management. The study revealed further that factors such as improper record management, lack of proper security of records, lack of professionally trained record managers, inadequate resources to facilitate proper record management practice and insufficient space for record management were seen as challenges associated with record management in the civil service commission
BUSINESS ETHICS AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR SUCCESFUL MODERN BUSINESS OPERATIONS
ANGO NUHU ALIYU (PhD)
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The concepts of ethical behavior and corporate social responsibility have come to the fore in recent years in both developed and developing countries as a result of growing sense of corporate wrongdoing. These two concepts can bring significant benefits to a business. The idea that business enterprises have some responsibilities to society beyond that of making profits for shareholders has been around for centuries. The paper addresses the concepts of business ethics and corporate social responsibility. From the perspectives of MBA students and managers, it came out that business ethics and social responsibility are very important for organizational growth and success. Specifically, they consider business ethics to lead to positive employee, customer and community relations. Not only that but also, they perceive that better public image/reputation; greater customer loyalty; strong and healthier community relations can inure to the benefit of corporations that are socially responsible. Implications of the findings are finally drawn.
Keywords: Business Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Business Success.
FRAUD AND PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
PATRICIA ONYEMOWO AGBO (Ph.D); ODUMU VICTOR ATO; VINCENT SEYI ADEOYE; IRMIYA SOLOMON REUBEN; & MWORINAH DIH
Department of Banking and Finance, University of Jos
ABSTRACT
Fraud is one of the biggest causes of bank failure and distress in the Nigerian banking system. This study therefore, evaluate the effects of fraud on the performance of Bank in Nigeria. The study also find out the common types of banks fraud that are frequently carried out in Nigeria Deposit Money Banks, the underlying causes, level of staff involvement, its effect, prevention and control and financial performance in banks. Causal research design is used in this study, Four (4) Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. banks were examined. Findings revealed that fraud has strong effects on return on equity and return on asset, It therefore recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) should take appropriate actions so as to reduce the increasing fraud incidence and ensure sanity in the system.
Keywords: Fraud, Banks, Banks performance, Return on Asset, Return on Equity
DESTINATION MANAGEMENT
OKUNOLA ADAFIN .A. OLAIYA
Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Faculty of Envirionment Design and Management Lead City University Ibadan, Oyo State
ABSTRACT
The Nigerian tourism industry has sufficient manpower and the natural and economic resources that could make it more attractive, resourceful and competitive. There are, however, both general and tourism-specific factors that inhibit its growth and development. Among the tourism specific factors is the dearth of synergy among the various stakeholders in the industry, and the absence of reasonable engagement with tourism destinations by Destination Management Organisations (DMOs). This paper highlights the critical importance of destination management. Using literature reviews gathered from JRC Scientific and Policy Report on Best Environmental Management Practic and Journals. The discourse argues that DMOs in collaboration with relevant organs of government are instrumental to sustaining such linked processes as policy making and integrated planning, product development and packaging, promotion and marketing, distribution and sales and destination operations and services as key primary activities of the tourism value chain. They are, indispensable to sustainable tourism development in Nigeria. Recommendations are made to the effect that the Nigerian Tourism Development Corporation (NTDC) should initiate and champion the cause of establishing functional DMOs for the Nigerian Tourism industry.
BRANDING AND CONSUMERS BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES
*OKAIYETO, SIMON AYODELE; & **ITUA, MONDAY
*Mass Communication Department, Salem University, Lokoja, Nigeria **Economics Department, Salem University, Lokoja, Nigeria
Abstract
Beer firms in Nigeria, especially particularly in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), have their unique branding methods to win consumers’ hearts and acquire greater preference. The influence of brewers’ branding on customer purchase behaviour is examined in this study. Data from 400 respondents were examined descriptively and inferentially using purposive sampling and a self-administered questionnaire among beer dealers and patrons in the FCT metropolis. This study foung that consumer buying patterns are influenced by brewers’ branding (R2 =.497, p=.000). Consumers are drawn to beer goods by advertisements, previous experiences, packaging, product name and image, brand availability, and accessibility. As a result, there is a positive association between customer buying behaviour and branding (r=.595, P=.000). Consumers have strong attachments to their chosen brand of beer because they have sufficient knowledge of the brand, can visually recognize their preferred brand without much effort at the point of purchase, and will continue to use the brand in the future. According to the findings, components of branding influence beer customers’ purchasing decisions. Specifically, they are influenced by the image and colour of the beer brand, are more likely to purchase the brand because of its value added features, believe that improvement is important in their beer selection, and are more likely to purchase the brand based on product performance. It was suggested that because consumers may readily form brand loyalty, it is important for marketers of branded items to maintain the quality of their brands.
Keywords: Beer, Branding, Buying Behaviour, Consumer, Rebranding and Preference
CREDIT RISK AND PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
OZIGBO A. SYLVESTER
Department of Banking and Finance, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro
ABSTRACT
The research focuses on the impact of credit risk on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. It covers the period between 2000 and 2020 .Secondary data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and annual reports of the selected banks were utilized for the study. Ordinary Least Square estimation technique which is compatible with the multiple regression method was also adopted .It was discovered that capital adequacy and non-performing loan were not statistically significant in influencing the changes in bank performance, while loan loss provision as well as loan and advances were significant to changes in bank performances with in the period of the study. It was therefore recommended that the regulatory authority should ensure that banks are focused on their primary role of supplying needed funds for the real sector to finance their investment. Also, Deposit money banks should be encouraged to reduce their service charges. This is the only way their impact can be felt as one of the drivers of economic growth in Nigeria.
Keywords: Loan overhang, pre-provision profit, liquidity-profitability trade off, deposit mobilization
IMPACT OF RESOURCE BASED THEORY ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NIGERIA
*OLUWATUSIN JAMES ADEKUNLE; & **DR. OWOLABI BABATUNDE ISRAEL
*Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria. **National Orthopedic Hospital, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Academic research has proved that despite the robust resources available to several big firms, many organisations still find it difficult to break even or make considerable profit. This challenge could be largely linked with various reasons ranging from insufficient resources to inefficient resource allocation which can be attributed to entrepreneurs’ failure. This paper assesses the impact of resource based theory on the success of entrepreneurs in Nigeria. It focuses on the reasons for the high rate of entrepreneurs’ failure and recommends the effective use of the scares resources by entrepreneurs to ensure maximization of profit. Without doubts, there are entrepreneurs with little financial base that are succeeding and translating this success to become bigger and extend their business market share within limited time compared to bigger entrepreneurs who are at advantage in terms of large pool of resources. Therefore, this study advocated that entrepreneurs must take the subject of resource identification, management and its strategic allocation for the development and growth of entrepreneurship.
Keywords: Resources, Theory, Entrepreneurs, Success, Firms, Financial base.
ANALYSING THE IMPACTS OF PHYSICAL RISK CONTROL TECHNIQUE ON CORPORATE RISK MANAGEMENT
MARGARET N. JINADU
Department of Actuarial Science and Insurance
Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
Abstract
Physical risk control is one of the measures used in managing organisational risks. It is one of the modern methods used in the management of corporate risks. Corporate entities undervalue the importance physical risk control in the management of their risks as they lay so much emphasis on financial risk control techniques. The aim of the study is to identify the impact of physical risk control techniques in corporate risk management and the specific objectives of the study are: to identify the extent of effectiveness of physical risk control techniques in corporate risk management in Nigeria, to examine the cost effect of adopting physical risk control in the management of corporate risks management in Nigeria and to assess the extent of physical risk control in complementing financial risk control in corporate risk management in Nigeria. The data for the research was garnered through the administering of 270 copies of questionnaires to selected respondents from selected companies in the Nigerian Breweries Industry with 250 of the them returned completed by the respondents. The data was subjected to regression analysis using the SPSS 23. The findings from the investigations revealed that physical risk control is essential in the management of corporate risks. The recommendations based on the findings from the analysed data are: that corporate entities should work out strategies that could assist them in adopting more efficient physical risk control techniques in their risk management approach; there is need for this industry to champion the creation of the awareness of the benefit physical risk control techniques to complement their approach in financial risk management for the overall holistic approach to corporate risk management; and finally, the sectoral regulators should also include physical risk management techniques among the corporate risk management instead of allowing corporate entities to downplay it.
Keywords corporate entity, physical risk control, risk, risk management
SUPERVISION AND COMMUNITY HEALTH ADMINISTRATION OF THE IKWERRE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
AMADI, LAWRENCE OBODOWHUO, Ph.D
Port Harcourt Polytechnic, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
This study evaluated supervision and community health administration in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Two objectives were set and two research questions transformed into hypotheses to guide the study. The descriptive research design was adopted for this study. The main instrument used for data collection was structured questionnaire. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Data collected were analyzed using the mean standard deviation and the chi-square statistical tool and tested the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the test of null hypotheses showed that there is a significant effect of inspection of health facilities in primary healthcare administration in the local government and that there is a significant effect of monitoring on primary healthcare administration in the local government. The study recommended that health supervision should be more proactive in their inspection of health facilities and records in the local government.
Keywords: Supervision, Health administration, Inspection, Monitoring
THE IMPACT OF BANK DEPOSIT ON BANK LENDING FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
*OHIOMAH SIMEON SULEMAN; & **UMORU ABDULJELIL IZUAGIE
*Humanities and Social Sciences Department, Auchi Polytechnic, Auch, Edo State. **Department of Business Administration and Management, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State.
Abstract
The banking sector as short term financial intermediaries, receive deposit from customers and extend credit to the private sector and government to the extent that the level of their excess reserves permits. Through an efficient intermediation process, financial markets improve productivity of investment by channeling funds to the most profitable investment projects, which translate into economic growth. This study examines the impact of bank deposit on bank lending for economic growth in Nigeria from 1986 – 2018. The choice of this period was to enable us focus strictly on the era of liberalization and consolidation of the banking sector. The study employed the error correction technique to estimate the lending equations in order to suitably place the impact of the bank deposit on bank lending for economic growth. The results of the study revealed a positive and significant relationship between bank deposit and total bank lending for economic growth. It also shows that there is no positive autocorrelation in the model. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that; the government should ensure efficient allocation of credit to the private sector to enhanced and sustained economic growth. Also, the apex bank (CBN) should be more committed to policy implementation so that business environment can attract investors, by way of promoting capital flow into the economy.
Keywords: capitalization, unit root, bank liquidity, excess reserves, volatility
NEXUS OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOME SELECTED WEST AFRICAN COUNTRIES: A POOL MEAN GROUP (PMG) APPROACH
HAFIZ UMAR BUBARI
Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Bali, P.M.B 05, Bali, Taraba State – Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Recognition had been made of no significant economic growth by any country without adequate development in human capital. Looking at the “Asian tigers” such as Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea made investment in education and health a top priority for decades, they have virtually become the most developed countries in Asia. This shows that investment in human capital has considerable impact in developing other forms of capital. To better understand the nexus between human capital and economic growth, this study investigates human capital and economic growth in West African countries covering a period of 17 years (2000-2016). Five macroeconomic variables were selected based on theoretical and empirical evidences. The study conducted pre-estimation tests such as summary descriptive statistics, Pearson’s matrix correlations, Cross-sectional Dependence Test, panel unit root test and panel co-integration test. The test results revealed that, the variables under study are properly screened for more advanced statistical regressions. The study employed Pool Mean Group (PMG) econometric technique in order to capture the objectives for which the study is poised to achieve. From the PMG, the study revealed, despite insignificant, there exists a positive effect of human capital on economic growth in the selected West African countries. Therefore, the study recommends that, West African governments should provide enabling macro-economic environment favorable for investment in human capital components and hospitable for foreign investors.
Keywords: Economic Growth, Human capital, Pool Mean Group
THE CURRENT STATE OF NIGERIAN ECONOMY AND THE IMPORTANT OF CORPORATE REPORTING IN NIGERIA: TOWARDS ATTRACTING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN NIGERIA
GAD BHILIPNANDI EMMANUEL
Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State, Nigeria.
Abstract
These reports will ex-ray the current state of Nigerian economy and the important of corporate reporting in Nigeria. Also, concentrating on the assessment of some relevant issues that will give a clear understanding on the nature of starting or doing business in Nigeria. The key issues to look at are the main users of corporate reporting, the main providers of funds for business, government legal system, the role of legislation, the development and implementation of local and international accounting standards, task of the professional bodies, the influence of religion and culture on the economy, corporate social responsibility(CSR)and inflation/deflation. All these factors are essential towards providing a clear picture of the economy in Nigeria to provide potential investors making decision on expansion to Nigeria.
IMPACT OF ICT SKILL ACQUISITION TOWARDS IMPROVED PEDAGOGY IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA
UKONU, EGBE ELIZABETH; & HABU, JINGI UMAR
Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi
ABSTRACT
This paper brings to the fore the effect of the acquisition of ICT skill for improved teaching and learning for the development and presentation of information, preparing ICT-based learning environment, designing effective learning experiences and creating rich learning in the pandemic era. ICT skills refers to technology used for regular everyday tasks, sending an email, making a video call, search the internet, using a tablet or mobile phone and more. ICT skills could also include the ability to use older communication technologies such as telephones, radios and televisions. Some of these ICT skills include but not limited to the following: Email management and set up, Online Research, Online Research, Social Media Management, Online Collaboration, Data Management Queries, Desktop Publishing, Word Processing, Excel application, Internet. The impact of these ICT skills on improved pedagogy are enhancing computer networking globally known today as internet and intranet, it accelerates economic development nationally as it is a virile source of national income for all nations that have fully embraced it usefulness, it improves engagement and knowledge retention, when ICT is integrated into lessons, students become more engaged in their work, ICT helps in student centered teaching and learning approach. Problems that hinder the acquisition of these ICT skills are as follows: Lack of government interest in providing ICT skills to Nigerians, high Cost of Acquiring, Maintaining and Installing of ICT, lack of Basic ICT Knowledge, lack of Basic ICT Knowledge, unavailability of Relevant Software, recruitment of Unqualified Personnel. The following suggestion have been rendered to encourage the acquisition of these ICT skills for improved pedagogy in COVID-19 Pandemic era: Government should support the train by carefully providing computer and its internet services to all her citizens at a very subsidized rate if not free of charge, government at all levels should invest in ICT by introducing waiver in the importation of ICT facilities, enlightenment programme should be organized by government, private sector and individual in order to create awareness on why people should study ICT related courses, The provision of steady power supply is very important for the continuous practice of ICT, the government can enter into partnership with ICT material manufacturing companies to enable them establish their manufacturing or assembling companies in Nigeria and this will make the computers, its relevant ICT software and the accessories cheap for the people to purchase.
Keywords: ICT Skills, pedagogy, improved pedagogy, COVID-19 pandemic era
ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A MEANS TO POVERTY REDUCTION, AS A NEW DIRECTION AND UNCOMMON CHANGES IN SUB SAHARA AFRICAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP UNCOMMON CHANGES A MEANS TO POVERTY REDUCTION, AS A NEW DIRECTION AND UNCOMMON CHANGES IN SUB SAHARA AFRICAN
*DR. MRS. JOHNSON – ITABITA, PATIENCE; & **AGUNUWA, EKOKOTU VINCENT (PhD)
*Department of Business Administration/Management, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe – Oghara. **Department of Banking & Finance, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe – Oghara
Abstract
The study examined entrepreneurship as a means to poverty reduction in sub Sahara Africa. Entrepreneurship being a catalyst to increase economic growth, as well as reducing the level of unemployment is the bedrock of any nation. Poverty in African has been a major challenge to underdevelopment and lack of growth to her economy in Africa. The objective is to examine the relationship between Entrepreneurship and poverty reduction in Africa. The population of the study is 3,117 undergraduate students of polytechnics and colleges of Education in Delta State. The sample size of 355 was determined using Taro Yamane’s statistical formula Simple random sampling procedure was used to select the respondents in each of the selected tertiary institutions Bowley’s proportional allocation method was adopted to determine the allocation of questionnaire to each of the participated institutions. Data were collected through the use of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured on Likert five–point scale. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to test the reliability of the variables. The result gave a reliability coefficient of 0.919, indicating high degree of internal consistency of items in the questionnaire. The construct, content and face instrument validity was done by measurement and evaluation experts Pearson product moment correlation coefficient as the inferential statistic used for the data analysis. The acceptable probability level of significance was 0.05. It was discovered that embarking on individual businesses is the engine for development and economic growth in the sub-Saharan Africa.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Unemployment, Random sampling, Correlation coefficient, Inferential statistics.
THE IMPACT OF CONVENTIONAL FOSSIL FUEL ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1980-2020)
*SALISU BABA MANU; **MUBARAK USMAN SANTALI; & **MOHAMMED IBRAHIM
*Department of Economics, School of Arts & Social Sciences. A.D. Rufa’i College of Education, Legal & General Studies Misau Bauchi State. **Department of Economics School of Arts & Social Sciences, Gombe State College of Education And Legal Studies, Nafada Gombe State.
Abstract
This paper estimates the impact of conventional/fossil fuel energy consumption and its component on economic growth in Nigeria using dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) by employing a sample of 36 observations covering the 1980-2018 period. The results indicated that conventional/fossil fuel and its component (Crude Oil and Dry Natural Gas) energy consumption slows down economic growth in Nigeria. This is attributed to the inefficiency in the use of fossil fuel energy in the country. The conventional/fossil fuel energy are highly polluting when used (burnt). On the other hand, the use of clean energy sources like solar, wind and hydropower which does not have a side effect on human health and the environment is less in Nigeria. As such, conventional/fossil fuel energy use can slow down economic growth by lowering productivity when there is inefficiency in the energy used. The study recommends that (1) The government should intensify action in support of policies that encourage private sector participation in the provision of electricity; (2) the government should encourage and support the utilization of the abundant renewable energy sources in the country (renewable energy components such as solar, wind and geothermal) which will not only increase the revenue base of the nation but also reduce the emission of hazardous pollutants associated with the use of non-renewable energy sources; and (3) greater commitment to achieving
Keywords: fossil fuel, dynamic OLS, energy consumption, economic growth
EFFECT OF EXTERNAL BORROWING ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
DIGGA, DANJUMA MARK; AND AYIKA THEOPHILUS
Department of Economics, Kaduna State College of Education, Gidan-waya.
ABSTRACT
The research was carried out to determine the effect of external borrowing on the economic growth of Nigeria. Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used for the estimation and ARDL bound test was carried out for co-integration. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) Unit Root Test and Philips-Peron (PP) test were used to test for stationarity. The study showed that economic growth is positively influenced by external debt stock both in the long run and the short run. However, the study did not find a significant relationship between debt service payment and economic growth. Control variables like inflation was revealed to have a significant negative influence on economic growth in the short-run, while exchange rate and capital formation have significant negative influence on economic growth both in the short run and long run. Based on the positive relationship between external debt stock and economic growth, it is recommended that loans received from external sources should be channelled to productive investments in order to enhance economic growth. Based on the negative relationship between exchange rate and economic growth. It is recommended that effective fiscal and monetary policies that will stabilize exchange rates should be adopted. Similarly, based on the negative relationship between inflation rate and economic growth, it is also recommended that policies that can stabilize the inflation rate at a level that will enhance economic growth should be implemented.
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NIGERIA
ADEMIJU FOLASADE ESTHER
Faculty of Administration and Law, ABU Distance Learning Center, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Abstract
The study examines the effect of working capital management and financial performance of listed commercial banks in Nigeria. Working capital management were measured using four variables namely inventory turnover period, receivable turnover, payable turnover and cash conversion. Secondary data from the financial statements of banks listed at NSE was collected in this regard. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted to achieve the objective of the study. Results of descriptive statistics of the main variables revealed that account payable’s days by the listed deposit money banks in Nigeria to pay their customers is 62 days while account receivables by the same listed deposit money banks in Nigeria do not extend credit to their customers beyond 58 days. The study found receivable turnover, payable turnover, inventory turnover had positive effects on financial performance of deposit money banks listed at NSE. Cash conversion cycle has an insignificant and inverse relationship on financial performance of deposit money banks listed at NSE. The study recommends that account collection (receivable) days, inventory turnover days as well as account payment (payable) days should be increased to achieve efficient and effective utilization of capital for production benefits as well as realizing maximum return on funds invested by the shareholders.
Keywords: Working capital management: inventory turnover period, receivable turnover, payable turnover and cash conversion
LEVERAGING DIGITAL MARKETING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES FOR JOB CREATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ASORE, E. PATRICIA (Mrs)
Department of Marketing, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi
Abstract
The main objective of the paper is to examine how Digital Marketing can be used to transform developing countries in terms of job creation and economic Development. The supporting objectives of the paper are: to determine the differences between digital marketing and traditional marketing, to examine the components and channels of digital marketing, to find out the jobs created by digital marketing, and to show the various benefits of digital marketing to businesses and consumers. With regards to methodology, the paper is written from a descriptive perspective. The differences between traditional and digital marketing were examined along the lines of target audience, marketing approach, documentation, Consumer interaction, marketing cost, marketing analysis, real time results, interruptions, strategy refinement and communication. The differences between them are quite profound. The major objectives of digital marketing were highlighted and about nine major components and channels of digital marketing that marketers can use to achieve their various objectives in the target market were examined. The link between employment and economic development, including the consequences of being unemployed and the benefits of being employed were briefly treated. There is also a brief on Nigeria’s digital market as at January 2022.The paper also outlined the benefits of digital marketing to consumers and a summary of digital marketing jobs worldwide was done. Since digital skills are needed in all spheres of life it is recommended amongst others that enabling governmental policies in developing countries should recognize non-traditional certificate programmes where quality on- line learning resources could enable both the old and the young to acquire certain digital skills. Developing countries educators should be able to design future-ready –curricula that will accelerate the acquisition of digital and STEM skills to match the way people will work and live. This is because the digital divide perpetuates the disconnect between technology, entrepreneurs and the skilled workers required to run a technology business.
Keywords: Internet, Job Creation, Digitalization, Digital Marketing, Traditional Marketing Target audience, Communication