INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW, POLITICS AND HUMANITIES RESEARCH
VOL. 29 NO. 6 – SEPT., 2023
PUBLISHER:
CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL,
Africa (Nigeria): CAHDC, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
ARTICLES:
NATURE AND RESPONSES OF NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT ON ECOWAS CONVENTION ON THE PROLIFERATION OF SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS ON NIGERIA’S SECURITY
JEMLAK MICHAEL MASHAL; ABDULLAHI NUHU LIMAN; LUKA RUTH CALEB; & ABDULLAHI S. MODIBBO
Department of Political Science, Nasarawa State University, Keffi.
Abstract
Small arms and light weapons have emerged a position of serious security threat giving the indiscriminate misuse of illicit weapons to commit crimes and reinforce violent conflicts and conduct acts of terrorism with abandon recklessness, causing high incidence of mortality, deterring peace and harmony in Nigeria. The signing of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Convention on the proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons and other measures adopted to regulate small arms overtime have yielded little or no result because of increase demand for and supply of these weapons. In the light of the foregoing, this study interrogates the nature and responses of Nigerian government on ECOWAS convention on the proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALWs) on Nigeria’s security. The study employed survey design with the use of primary and secondary method of data. The Frustration-Aggression theory was adopted in the study. Findings revealed that ECOWAS Convention on SALWs is not adequate implemented in Nigeria owing to the proliferation of arms into the country. Nigeria’s efforts in combating SALWs have not been based on the fundamental provisions of the Convention, particularly the establishment of a National Commission in line with article 24 of the convention. The study therefore recommends among other things that a commission be established. Again, civil society organizations, private sectors and traditional rulers should be mobilized and seen in the fight against possession of illicit arms and its misuse by educating the public about the dangers of SALWs in the hands of non-state actors.
Keywords: Nigerian Government, ECOWAS, Proliferation, Small Arms, Light Weapons, Nigeria’s Security
PERCEPTION OF UNDERGRADUATES TOWARDS UTILIZATION OF ONLINE COLLABORATIVE TOOLS FOR LEARNING
*DR. ADEFUYE, ADETAYO LINUS; **DR. OMOYAJOWO BAMIDELE STEPHEN; ***DR. OLUSANJO, MICHEAL OLUWOLE; *PROF. AKOREDE O. JIMOH; ****OSISANWO TEMITOPE A.; & *****ADEWOGA, THOMAS SUNDAY
*Department of Educational Technology, College of Specialized and Professional Education (COSPED), Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria. **E-Tutor Supervisor & Communications Officer, University of Ibadan, Distance Learning Centre. ***University Osun state College of Education, Ila Orangun. ****Department of Library and information Science, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode. *****Department of Bilogical Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode.
Abstract
Online collaborative tools are online innovative and instructional tools that can be used to supplement traditional teaching and learning for the enhancements of students’ positive academics performance. In spite of its immense instructional benefits, these tools have not been fully utilised for learning among undergraduates in Nigeria. Hence, the study examined the Perception of Undergraduates on the Utilization of online Collaborative tools for learning in selected Universities in South-west, Nigeria. The study concluded that there was a significant relationship between undergraduate students’ perceived usefulness to use collaborative tools for learning. Based on the findings, the study recommends that government should give the necessary supports on the procurement of all needed facilities for collaborative learning. Undergraduates should help themselves by exhibiting high positive attitudes and competencies in the utilization of online collaborative tools. Also, Undergraduate should help themselves by making use of online collaborative tools for instructional purpose and shift their foci from using it for fun and entertainment.
Keywords: Online Collaborative Tools, Undergraduates, Learning, Utilization, Universities
EUPHEMISTIC DISCOURSE: A VOYAGE IN THE PRAGMATICS OF ETHICAL APPEAL FOR GLOBAL PEACE
ADEDEJI, I. ADETOKUNBO (Ph.D)
Department of English, Faculty of Arts, Emmanuel Alayande University of Education, Oyo.
Abstract
This study explored values in the use of euphemistic expressions designed to persuade the target audience towards achieving intended purposes. The study employed a multi-modal theoretical approach featuring the pragmatics of indirect speech acts, rhetoric and positive politeness strategy to expatiate on the efficacy of pleasantness of utterances at the expense of commanding, authoritative and confrontational expressions. Ten euphemistic statements purposively selected were considered. While expressions that have positive affect and appeal to the emotions of the target audience were found to be ingredients of a peaceful and stabilized human co-existence, hate speeches were fast becoming unpopular and disintegrating to the body polity of a vibrant nationhood. It was discovered that utterances bothering on ‘warning’ utilized space manipulation aside the selective diction to achieve some entrepreneurial goals. The study therefore concluded that the citizenry should make concerted efforts in maintaining zero tolerance for hate speech or utterances that could infringe on individual’s self-esteem and integrity via guided communicative strategies.
Keywords: Euphemism, Appeal, Peace and Stability, Positive Politeness, Indirect Speech
DEMOCRACY, POVERTY AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
SHITU SHUAIBU UMAR; AND LAWRENCE L. ORKUUGH (Ph D)
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This paper takes a look at the background, conceptual framework of the phenomena: Democracy, poverty and political development in the historical perspective using the secondary source of data. Furthermore, the study explores democratization process in the Nigerian context as a case study to be replicated to the other African Countries. Significant progresses in terms of institutionalizing democratic momentum so far created and sustained were also explored. The study dovetail into the development scene in African continent and the emergence of parliaments and political parties in Africa’s political development. Finally, the paper overviewed the role of parliament political parties in the fight against poverty and proffered a number of possible solutions to assist in the institutionalization of democratic process and fighting poverty in the African continent.
KEYWORDS: Democracy, Poverty, Development, Politics, Parliament and Party.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS AND GRASSROOT POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA
*ONYEIWU, EMMANUEL ANAYO (PhD); **EGBUCHULAM MICHAEL; ***UBAH CHUKWUDI NELSON (PhD); & ***UMEH CHIJIOKE SUNDAY (PhD)
*Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. **Department of Political Science, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. ***Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study focused on local government elections and grassroot political participation in Imo State (2015-2022). Three research objectives, three research questions and three research hypotheses guided the study. The researchers employed survey research design using questionnaire as the instrument of data collection. The sampling technique that was applied in selecting the sample is simple random sampling technique. Simple percentage and chi-square were used for data analysis. It was discovered that State/Local Government Joint Account affects credible local government elections and grassroots political participation in Imo State; the autonomy of Imo State independent electoral commission affects credible local government elections and grassroots political participation in Imo State; and ineffective citizen political education affects credible local government elections and grassroots political participation in Imo State. The study concludes that periodic election at the local government level is the key for grassroot political participation in. Based on these findings, it was therefore recommended that the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria should be amended so as to abolish state/local government joint account so as to grant the local government the control of its, finance, and ensure its independence as a third tier of government. Furthermore, local governments should be granted full autonomy to be extricated from the apron of the state governments.
Keywords: Local Government Elections, Grassroot Political Participation, Joint Account, Independent Electoral Commission, Citizen Political Education.
ASSESSING TOURISTS’ PERCEPTION OF ALTERNATIVES TO MASS TOUIRISM IN BAUCHI STATE
CHARITY JIDDA
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Abuja.
Abstract
Bauchi State is a home to a number of tourist attractions such as Yankari National Park, the Lame Burra Forest Reserve and Sumu Wildlife Park among others. Annually, these sites receive a large number of tourists from different geographical locations, including outside the country. As a result, the state has experienced its share of mass tourism which has led to a number of challenges, such as environmental degradation, overcrowding, prostitution and the loss of cultural authenticity. In recent years, there has been a growing movement towards alternative forms of tourism which focus on sustainable and responsible travel, and on providing tourists with a more authentic and immersive experience. These forms of tourism are consistent with natural, social, and community values and allow both hosts and guests to enjoy positive and worthwhile interaction and shared experiences, This study investigated various forms of alternative to mass tourism with the aim of generating interests and creating desires in the minds of already discouraged potential tourists and hosts to promote tourism development in Bauchi State. A sample population of 100 respondents was conveniently selected from among tourists visiting Bauchi, who have lodged at different hotels within Bauchi metropolis. A structured, closed ended questionnaire based on 5-point Likert scale was administered to determine the level of agreement with different forms of alternative tourism. Data collected were analysed to find mean distributions and standard deviation. It was found that tourists are particularly interested in alternative tourism initiatives that focus on sustainability, authenticity, and community engagement. The study also found that tourists are willing to pay a premium for alternative tourism experiences, including superior accommodation, group tours, amusement parks, bicycle tour, farm and home stay, long term budget travel (excursions), ecotourism, disaster tourism, dark tourism, pop-culture tourism, awareness tour. This suggests that there is a growing market for alternative tourism in Bauchi State. It is recommended that government and private stakeholders should promote the cause of alternative tourism for sustainable tourism development.
Keywords: Perception, Alternative Tourism, Mass tourism, Satisfaction
WILL EXPENDITURE PATTERNS OF REMITTANCES ENHANCE INDUSTRIALISATION IN NIGERIA?
*CHIGBO GERALDINE NGOZI; **YETUNDE SEKINAT OKOTIE; & ***SULEIMAN ONIYANGI
*Corporate Affairs and Information (CAI) Department National Productivity Centre, Enugu State Office. **Corporate Affairs and Information Department, National Productivity Centre, Headquarters, Abuja. ***Procurement Department, National Productivity Centre, Headquarters, Abuja
Abstract
International remittance is currently acclaimed as the most stable and consistent of all the international flows. It is essentially an important source of inflows to developing countries, as they come with large amounts of foreign currency that directly assists households in the country. This study was motivated by the huge funds that Nigeria in particular receives as international remittances that currently places her first in Africa and sixth in the World. Several studies show that remittance has impacted positively on economic growth, development, poverty, inequality amongst others. However, this study contributes to literature by examining the difference industrial sector investments between remittance recipients and non-recipients. The study employed secondary data from a demographic household survey that was generated by a partnership program between the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Centre for Demographic and Allied Research (CDAR) University of Nigeria, Nsukka in 2011. The objective was ascertained with the aid of a propensity score matching method. The study used five matching strategies to show that remittance recipients marginally have higher investments in industrialisation than their counterparts, though not significantly. The study recommends that the investment climate for the industrial sector be restructured with more industrial clusters and infrastructure and power alternatives to attract the huger resources that flow in as remittance into this lucrative sector.
Keywords: Secondary Data, Industrialization, Industrial Clusters, Infrastructure, Power, Remittance
DESTINATION IMAGE AND TOURISTS’ REVISIT INTENTION IN TOURISM SITES IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
NNAJI, CHINYERE CHIENYENWA; AND DR. UKABUILU, EMMA. N.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri.
ABSTRACT
This study examined destination image and tourists’ revisit retention to tourism sites in Cross River State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study established empirical relationship between cognitive destination image and affective destination image of the tourism sites under investigation. The geographical scope of the study was the various local governments in Cross River State, Nigeria. Cross River State has tourist sites that have attracted tourists from all parts of the country and beyond for decades. Specifically, Obudu Mountain Resort, Marina Resort, Cross River National Park, National Museum Calabar, and Tinapa Resort tourist destinations were selected for the study. The study used descriptive survey design, and Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. 323 People were sampled, but 240 questionnaire were returned and used.. The researchers used mean statistic, ANOVA, and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 23) for data analysis. The key findings of the study are that cognitive destination image exerts significant positive impact on tourists’ revisit intention. Put differently, the higher the cognitive destination image, the higher the tendency that tourists will revisit a destination site for tourism/leisure. Also, the study found that there is an insignificant positive relationship between affective image and re-visit intention of tourists. This implies that for every unit increase in affective destination image, tourists’ revisit intention also increase, but to an insignificant extent. Factors that influence tourists’ revisit intention include service quality, destination image, perceived value, and novelty, among others. It was recommended that elements of cognitive destination image, which includes but not limited to rich culture, legendary history, and safety, should be professionally managed to the admiration of tourists as this could enhance the tourists’ revisit intention. Since repeat visit is one of the main targets of destinations managers, different programs should be developed and implemented for first-time and repeat visitors so as to stimulate a revisit intention.
Keywords: Destination Image, Tourist, Tourists’ Revisit Intention, Tourism Sites, Cognitive Image, and effective Image.
POLITICS OF RELIGION AND ETHNICITY IN THE 2023 NIGERIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION AND THE CHALLENGES OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
IBRAHIM MANAJA ZAMBUK
Department of Mass Communication, Gombe State College of Education and Legal Studies, Nafada.
ABSTRACT
This work examine politics of religion and ethnicity in the 2023 Nigeria Presidential election and the challenges of National Development. This study provide a logical answer and empirical evidences whether religion and ethnicity has played a significant role in the Nigeria 2023 Presidential election. To achieve this survey research method was adopted which include face to face interview. And the sampling techniques adopted for this study is the convenience available sampling. Through this research it has been discovered that most people in Gombe State agreed that religion and ethnicity has played a vital role in the 2023 Nigeria Presidential election it is also discovered that politics of religion and ethnicity has a negative effect on National Development. The researcher therefore recommend that despite the fact that ethnicity and religion has long ago dominated the Nigerian politics. Nigerian should learn how to put the interest of the country first before their their parochial, tribal, ethnic or religious interest because the country is for all of us. The leadership of Nigeria headed by Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu should as a matter of fairness keep to his electoral promise by putting in place electoral reforms that would enable Nigerians have free and fair election that had eluded the country for decades
A LITERARY ANALYSIS OF THE SELECTED POEM OF DR. MUHAMMAD TUKUR INUWA (SHERE HILL)
رائية الدكتور محمد تكر إنوا “تل شٜيرٜى” دراسة أدبية تحليلية
MUHAMMAD ADAM MUHAMMAD; SA’IDU ISMA’IL; YUSUF ALIYU MUSA
محمد آدم محمد; سعيد إسمائيل و; يوسف علي موسى
مدرسة الألسن،كلية أحمد الرفاعي للتربية والقانون والدراسات العامة، مسو ولاية بوتشي، -نجيريا.
المفتاح: الشاعر، الموسيقى، الأسلوب، شٜيرٜي، الظاهرة.
ملخص البحث:
هدف هذه المقالة هو عرض وتحليل لرائية الشاعر الدكتور محمد تُكُرْ إِنُوَا المختارة أحد شعراء قرية تِلْدٜنْ فُلَانِي، ولرفع مرتبة اللغة العربية والأدب العربي في تِلْدٜنْ فُلَانِي خاصة وولاية بوتشي عامة، وذلك لمعرفة ما احتوت عليه من جمال الأسلوب والألفاظ والمعاني والموسيقى الكامنة فيها وتهدف كذلك إلى إبراز وصف الطبيعة الواردة في هذه القصيدة للشاعر الدكتور تُكُرْ إِنُوَا، وتحليلها تحليلا أدبيا، وتأتي أهمية هذه الدراسة في كشف هذه الظاهرة وما احتوت عليه من الجمال الأدبي والروعة الفنية، وذلك بإيراد نماذج تصف حركات الطبيعة وسكناتها في القصيدة وسيذكر الباحثون تلك الظواهر الطبيعية محللين المشكلة
ABSTRACT
The effort in writing the paper is made to concentrate on the main Content of the selected Arabic poem of minstrel Dr. Tukur Inuwa one of the Arabic poems writers in Tilden Fulani, the paper has been motivated to write on this topic so as to appraise the degree and level of Arabic literary production in Tilden Fulani and Bauchi at large, and also to appraise the Arabic Literature with regard to public Researchers in poems of Dr. Tukur Inuwa. The paper also looks at the phenomenon features of the poem such as the Stylistics delivery semantics and meaning. And also, to demonstrate the nature of Shere Hill and denouement this is a result of example given in poet transmition, peaceful of the Shere Hill shown in the article.
INCIDENCES, SYMPTOMS AND LONG-TERM HEALTH EFFECTS OF TRAUMA ON PRIESTS-VICTIMS OF INSECURITY AND INSURGENCY IN NIGERIA
*BAHAGO SAMAILA BENEDICT; & **DR CAROLINE ADUKE TOLORUNLEKE
*Department of Educational foundations, Faculty of Education, Veritas University Abuja. **Department of Educational psychology, FCT/College of Education Zuba-Abuja.
Abstract
The study investigated incidences, symptoms, and long-term health effects of insecurity and insurgency trauma on Catholic Priests specifically in northern Nigerian states. Survey research design was adopted for the study with a sample of 48 Priests from selected Catholic Dioceses in Northern Nigerian states. Three research questions guided the study. A 37-item four-point Likert scale research questionnaire constructed by the researcher were employed to collect data for the survey. The data obtained from the respondents were analyzed using frequency counts and percentages. The findings indicated that major trauma incidences and symptoms of trauma had high percentages. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that more trained counsellors should be employed by both Government and Church authorities in all the northern states and in all the Dioceses concerned in northern Nigeria states, to help the Priests-survivor victims of insecurity and insurgency towards their wholistic coping emotional development and that of all other insurgency-survivor victims across Nigeria.
Keywords: Insurgency, Priests, Symptoms, Trauma, Victim