CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT (IJECM) VOL. 16 (3)
MARCH, 2019 EDITION
Published by:
Cambridge Research and Publications International,
Centre for African Humanity and Development Circle
(CAHDC), University of Nigeria, Nsukka,
Enugu State, Nigeria
Email: cambridgenigeriapublications@gmail.com
Copyright © 2019 Cambridge Research and Publications International.
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Papers:
DEVELOPMENTAL EFFORTS TO ACHIEVE A SUSTAINABLE RURAL COMMUNITY
AKHIMIEN, N. G.; ISIWELE A. J.; AND ADAMOLEKUN M.O.
Department of Architecture, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
One of the greatest challenges of many developing countries of the world today is the uncontrolled rate of rural-urban drift which has overwhelmed the population in most cities making it very difficult to manage. The rural areas of Nigeria are generally characterized by very high levels of illiteracy, abject poverty, unemployment and lack of basic infrastructural facilities, such as good housing, access roads, electricity, health-care facilities, schools and transportation facilities. In view of this, the study will carefully conduct a critical analysis of major rural and urban centers through a review of related literature in descriptive data analysis. Although the current housing problems are undoubtedly more acute in the urban centers, government has come to realize that since the majority of the population are rural dwellers, there is housing needs as well if its goal of sustainable rural development is to be achieved.
Keywords: Community, Development, Housing, Rural, Sustainable, Urban
FLOOD AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: A FOCUS ON 2012 FLOOD DISASTER
*ABANYAM, NOAH LUMUN PH.D & **SAMAILA BUBA
*Department of Sociology, Taraba State University, Jalingo. Taraba State, Nigeria **Department of Geography, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State Nigeria
Abstract
Flood is one of the most disastrous environmental problems that severely affect human beings and other sectors of development on the planet. Diseases \and economic losses are a major developmental challenge for many least developed countries battling with flood. This study is an investigation of Flood and Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria. Functionalist theoretical perspectives was considered in analyzing the study. The study found that climate change, heavy rain fall, release of water from dams, poor planning, indiscriminate dumping of waste and lack of drainage system are factors that causes flooding in Nigeria. Flood is also found to affect other sectors of development in Nigeria and is associated with the loss of lives and properties as well as disastrous health implications. Flood affect agricultural supplies, exacerbating malnutrition problems leading to loss of production, food shortages and destruction of storage facilities. Flood causes damages to homes, schools, businesses, and transportation system and paralyzes socio-economic activities. It was recommended that drainage system should be constructed and regularly inspected and monitored to take note of any failure with a view of effecting repairs. Enlightenment campaigns should be step up by the government, National Orientation Agency and other related bodies with the view to put an end to the habit of dumping refuse in drainages. That government should dredge river channels to widen it up and give the channel the ability to contain excess water. The study concludes that all hands must be on deck, both the government, Non-Governmental Organization, Community Based Organizations, the Mass Media and the general public corroborate in order to control and prevent (averts) the catastrophic effects of flood on socio-economic development in Nigeria.
Keywords: Flood, Socio-economic Development.
IMPLICATION OF ROAD SIDE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL IN NIGERIAN CITIES
AUDU GANI BOGORO
Department of Urban and Regional Panning, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
Abstract
The vigorous pursuits of economic development without due consideration to its negative effects has contributed too many environmental problems. Virtually all aspects of man’s productive (economic) activity involves the generation of waste”. This paper is set out to determine the implication of indiscriminate roadside waste disposal in Nigerian cites. The research revealed that over 50% of the solid waste generated in Nigerian cities is left uncollected causing health hazard and environmental problems. In most of the major streets in Nigerian cities a substantial portion of the streets are taken over by heaps of solid waste. In Lagos, Bauchi, Delta, Ibadan and many other cities, the recent flood disasters are linked to indiscriminate dumping of solid waste blocking drainages and water ways.This study discovered that high urbanization rate, inadequate solid waste management facilities, weak enforcement of environmental sanitation laws and poor knowledge of the negative implication on the community health. The study recommends that solid waste segregation at source and formal scavenging should be encouraged, solid waste management agencies should be fully equipped with modern waste management equipment, Law enforcement and prosecution should be fundamental in stopping illegal dumping, finally. A high level of awareness and education on sanitation, environmental health matters and benefits of proper waste disposal should be created to the entire public so that they can appreciate the need for a clean living environment and actively participate in keeping the urban roads and drainages clean.
Keywords; solid waste, Nigerian cities, open disposal, flooding, environmental law.
ADEQUACY OF BUILDING FACILITIES AND LOCATIONAL ATTRIBUTES AS DETERMINANT FACTORS FOR RESIDENTIAL HOUSE RENTAL VALUES IN MINNA METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
USMAN MUSA, GWAMNA EMMANUEL
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Nigeria
Abstract:
Determination of residential house rental values in recent times has become a global phenomenon. This trend continues to put a challenge to Real Estate practitioners. This study aims at examining the impact of adequacy of building facilities and locational attributes as it affect residential house rental values in Minna metropolis, Nigeria. Standard multiple regression technique was employed in estimating the degree of the impact of the adequacy of building facilities and locational attributes on house rental value in both the high density, medium density and low density residential neighborhoods of Minna metropolis. Data on building facilities and locational attributes as well as data on rental values of residential houses in the category of 1-bedroom, 2-bedroom and 3-bedroom apartments were obtained from the field survey conducted in Kpakungu, Tudun Fulani and London Street representing high density, medium density and low density residential neighborhoods of the metropolis respectively. The results from the analysis revealed that the adequacy of building facilities and locational attributes are strong determinants of residential house rental value in the metropolis. The study’s findings will be useful to real estate practitioners and all relevant stakeholders in real estate investment and marketing.
Keywords: Building facilities, locational attributes, house, multiple regression, rental values.
THE IMPACT OF TUTOR-STUDENT RELATIONSHIPS ON STUDENT CREATIVE PERFORMANCES IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN STUDIO
JOYCE LODSON & DAUDA ALI
Architecture Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
ABSTRACT
Interactions between teachers and students are very important at all levels of learning because of the effect these interactions have on the students’ performances. Within the architectural set-up, the design studio is the platform where students spend the highest percentage of their time and it is here that they also engage in intensive one-on-one sessions with their tutors. This paper considers types of tutor profiles most common in architectural studios and how these profiles impact on the tutors relationships with their students as well as on their students’ creativity in the design studio. At the end it has been found that tutors’ profiles and manner of interactions with their students affect their students’ creative performances in both positive and negative ways. For instance, tutors who are assertive and forceful often make their students feel repressed and unable to express themselves freely relate which in turn suppresses the creative abilities of the students. The paper recommends that there be a well-structured educational system set in place so that architectural educators know what is required of them and how to go about fulfilling those requirements.
Keywords: Tutor Profiles, Tutor-student Interactions, Student Creative Performances, Design Studio,
GEOIDAL MAPPING AND THREE DIMENSION SURFACE MODELLING USING DUAL FREQUENCY GPS AND PRECISE LEVEL
SURV. MUHAMMAD S. KARDAM(1) ZAKARI, DANLADI(2) SURV. SHU’AIBU UMAR(3)
Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Federal Polytechic Bauchi, Bauchi State
ABSTRACT
Dual Frequency Global Positioning System (DGPS) has emerged as a successful technology in providing precise positions of points on the surface of the earth over the reference ellipsoid with sub-metre level of accuracy. DGPS is one of the most frequently used positioning methods in geodesy. The end products of surveying with this receiver gives geodetic latitude (ϕ), geodetic longitude (λ) and ellipsoidal height (h) which are obtained with reference to the ellipsoid. This research involved the determination of Geoidal undulation for the production of Geoidal map of Bauchi metropolis, Bauchi state. DGPS receiver and precise Level instruments were used to obtain ellipsoidal and orthometric heights of the study area. Geoidal heights were derived from the differences between ellipsoidal heights and orthometric heights. The adjusted orthometric heights obtained using precise Level and the ellipsoidal heights which are part of the geodetic/Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates obtained using DGPS were post processed using spectrum survey office Software (SSO). The Geoidal map, contour map and three dimensional surface Model (3D) were created using ArcGIS 10.2.1 Software version. The Microsoft Office Excel was used to deduce the ellipsoidal heights and orthometric heights in order to obtain geoidal heights for the production of Geoidal Map of the study Area. The statistical analysis of the result met the precision of second order geodetic control network and levelling specifications. The result of the spearman correlation coefficient computed using geodetic coordinates is 0.054 and the coefficient of determination 0.0029%. The result of the Z test computed (0.125) indicated that the measurements are precise at 95% confidence level. The reliability of the measurements of X and Y second order geodetic coordinates were computed at the scale of 1:5000 and found reliable at 95% confidence level. The mean value of the geoidal heights determined is 22.680 metre which can be used as the geoid of Bauchi State. The contour map, geoidal and 3D model were produced at the scale of 1:60,000 and the contour lines were interpolated at 0.2 meter contour interval which represented the terrain configuration. Therefore, the results obtained can be used for any work requiring the use of geoidal heights in Nigeria and any part of the world.
Keywords: Mapping, Dimension, Surface, Modelling, Frequency, Precise.
ISSUES ON WARM SPRING TOWARDS HEALTH TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
OLADIMEJI MATTEW TIMOTHY AND JOSHUA MAXWELL ELGEN
Dept. of Tourism Management, National Institute for Tourism & Hospitality, Bauchi Zonal Campus
Abstract
The health importance of warm springs cannot be over emphasized. As might be expected, the composition of spring water varies from place to place according to the rock formation in which it occurs. Warm spring is the result of hot and cold spring mixing together but may also occur outside of geothermal areas. Health tourism is a term describing the rapidly growing practice of traveling across international borders to obtain health care. China is fast emerging as a desirable destination for individuals seeking medical care in a wide range of medical specialty including cardiology, neurology, orthopedics and others. In Nigeria, these destinations can be harnessed to carter the health needs of patients. They include ikogosi warm spring Ekiti, whispering palm iworo badagry, osun osogbo mangrove etc. Warm spring play important role as sites for theurapetic uses. Health tourism providers make information available about the hospitals and doctors that they are partnered with but the nature, extent and quality of information provided by different organizations vary. The provider usualy require the patients to provide a medical report including nature of ailments, local doctors etc. Warm Spring sites are a potential health tourist haven for revitalization, rejuvenation and recuperation.
Keywords: therapeutic uses, health tourism provider, hydrotherapy and warm spring
EFFECTS OF PROCUREMENT GOVERNANCE, TRANSACTION COSTS TO CONTRACTING BUSINESS AND TENDERING PROCESS IN NIGERIA
1MOHAMMED LAWAL YAHAYA 2OLUKAYODE SUNDAY OYEDIRAN 3ONUKUWBE .N. HENRY
1Department of Physical Planning and Development, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. 2,3Department of Quantity Surveying,University of Lagos
Abstract
Public sector organizations undergo a procurement process to select a competent consultant and contractor to carry out the construction work using pre-determined selection criteria or guidelines as stated by the public procurement Act 2007. The Act objectives are to provide the best value for money, economy, transparency, accountability and competition among bidders (PPA 2007). However, it must be noted that the Act has not taken into account the transaction costs incurred with participation in the tender processes due to the varied activities undertaken by clients, consultants and contractors. The aim of the study is to assess the effects of procurement governance transaction costs with respect to contracting business and tendering process. A multi-stage stratified random sampling procedure was used in selecting the respondents from construction firms within some selected states of the North-West zone of Nigeria (Sokoto, Kaduna and Kebbi) that are registered in the Bureau of Public Procurement database of contractors that have participated in any federal government tendering process as respondents of the study. One hundred and thirty five (135) responses were retrieved from various respondents. Using Structural Equation Model (SEM), an analytical tool, using procurement governance and transaction cost as independent variable, with tendering process as intervening variable and contracting business as dependent variable, the result of this research shows that transaction cost variable and procurement governance has significant influence toward contracting business, procurement governance variable has indirect influence toward contracting business through tendering process with insignificance influence. The research recommends that both client and contractors can reduce procurement governance effects by promoting: fairness in the award of contract to the lowest bidder; harmonious relationships between project client and contractor; sound knowledge on construction project procurement by both parties and more attention on how they can improve their bidding strategies based on the procurement governance guidelines.
Keywords: Contracting Business, Construction projects, Procurement Act 2007, Transaction costs, Tendering and Transaction costs theory.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE 21st CENTURY AND REAL ESTATE SURVEYORS AND VALUERS ROLES IN NIGERIA.
SALISU MAGAJI, IBRAHIM GARBA,
Department of Estate Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
ABSTRACT
Hitherto, real estate activities are performed by the estate surveyors and valuers manually thereby proved to be hectic, cumbersome and time-consuming. This paper exploits the connection between information and communication technology in the 21st century and real estate sector. The paper examined the immense roles played by estate surveyors and valuers and the contribution that ICT gives in the various functions performed by estate surveyors and valuers in the discharge of their duties. It also affirms that ICT has the capacity and capability to influence the activities of estate surveyors and valuers in relation to their roles such that when properly exploited, a lot of dealings can be done at the comfort of the office giving room to carry out transactions with people in the outside world in safety and comfort.
Keywords: information and communication technology, real estate surveyors and valuers, roles,
PROPERTY RATING: A PARADIGM FOR COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND NIGERIA
*MOHAMMED AKILU UMAR, *ROZILAH KASIM *DAVID MARTIN **TANKO HUSSSEIN AHMAD
*Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Darul Ta azim, Johor Malaysia **Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi
Abstract
Local government was enjoined to look inward for their revenue generation; specifically revenue from property rating offers an attractive source of internal revenue. To this end, several countries set up rating machineries to help administer it, this research work tries to examine the viability of property rating in Malaysia and Nigeria by examining the revenue generated and ways which it can be improved, also assessing its potentials and problems with a view towards solving the problems. The data was obtained through preliminary investigation using structured interview, observation and document review. Analysis was made using tables, simple charts and percentages; the study shows that there is justification and worthwhileness in the imposition of property rating in the municipalities of the two countries, the study also revealed that there is a wide gap between the expected revenue and the revenue realized in both countries, the potentials of property rating can never be harnessed until this vacuum is filled through employing professionals at local authority and application of technology for social and economic development.
Keywords: Economic Development, Property Rating, Revenue Generation, Technology, Viability.
EVALUATING THE EFFECTS OF COMMUNICATION IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DELIVERY IN NIGERIA
LUKA GOJI TIPILI & PATRICIA OYIZA OJEBA
Quantity Surveying Department, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi- Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
All construction project execution requires communication between professionals in all the various stages of construction. These professionals transfer appropriate and relevant information to develop a buildable design that meets the client’s requirements. As the project unfolds and the design is realized, information in the form of drawings, specifications and construction methods must be communicated from one expert to another. Therefore, using an appropriate communication method and communication medium to resolve construction and design problems is essential. The research sampled 40 professionals working in the construction industry in Bauchi, Nigeria. The study established that within the Nigeria construction industry, there is a strong appreciation of the importance of project communication and its effects within the industry. In spite of that, there have been many hindrances to effective communication on construction projects in Nigeria. These include; unclear communication objectives, unclear channels of communication, ineffective reporting system, ineffective communication between the parties on the project, stereotyping and language difficulties. Finally, the research established that poor communication had resulted in project delays, project cost overrun and project abandonment. Project communications/communication management was also shown to strongly affect the performance of professionals within the construction industry.
Keywords: Effective Communication, Nigeria Construction industry, Communication Channel, Construction Project Delivery
APPLICATION OF LEAN THINKING TO THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT IN DEVELOPING NATIONS FOR SUSTAINABILITY
ADEGBENGA ADEYEMI, DAVID MARTIN AND ROZILAH KASIM
Department of Real Estate Management, Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja Batu Pahat Johor, Malaysia.
Abstract
Sustainable Development was defined as humanity’s ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Many countries, especially in the developing world, did not meet the UN target of 2002 to achieve sustainable development because the issue of existing buildings which form the bulk of building stock were not adequately addressed. This paper is a literature review on how existing buildings could be sustained through improvement as against maintenance and rebuild; it reviewed major improvement models that can be applied for elimination of perceived waste and inefficiencies in existing buildings for their sustainability. The Lean Thinking model was adopted for use. The paper revealed that the maintenance of unsustainable buildings could at best be returned to their unsustainable original standard at construction, compared to improvement. There is no doubt that there are a number of other factors and barriers that affect our ability to sustainably improve our existing building stock. However, until we are also able to address these two major issues of waste and inefficient facilities from end-users’ perspectives, the pace of SD in developing countries may remain slow.
Key Words: Sustainable Development, Maintenance, Improvement, Existing buildings, Waste.