INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCE VOL. 6 NO. 4, DECEMBER, 2017 EDITIONS, ISSN: 1867-5839
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CONTENDING ISSUES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS IN THE NIGERIAN FEDERAL ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM
MARYAM KYARI KAANAMI
Department of languages and liberal studies, Ramat Polytechnic Maiduguri
ABSTRACT
Intergovernmental Relations (IGR) is the interaction that takes place among different levels of government within a country. State governments are independent within constitutional limitations of the centre while local governments are subordinated to the states. Usually, the concept is mostly associated with states having a multi-ethnically segmented administrative system like Nigeria where relationship between the Federal and the major component units are formally spelt out in the constitution. A full analysis of IGR must cover Federal-State-Local, Federal-State, Federal-Local, Inter-State, State-Local, and Inter-Local relations enshrined in the constitutional framework. The main issues given prominence in the study of IGR, are the allocation of jurisdictional/constitutional powers, administrative/political mechanisms, and intergovernmental fiscal relations. This paper attempts to examine each of these issues in turn highlighting the increasing dependence of the states and Local Governments on the Federal government and the ubiquity of Federal Government in areas considered an exclusive pressure of the state and local government. It also draws the attention to worthwhile lessons that Nigeria could learn from the experiences of its operation in a federal administration system.
SAFETY MEASURES AND DEVICES WITHIN STUDENT’S CAMPUS, AHAMDU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, NIGERIA.
- CHOCHO HABILA DINNIGWA
Department of General Studies, School of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.
ABSTRACT
This research was designed to find out safety measures and devices within students’ residential quarters of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. The subjects in this research were from 13 different Departments randomly selected and involved 10 Departments of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. The major instrument used for data collection was questionnaire. Questionnaires were of one format distributed to students and staff. The responses analyzed pointed towards gross inadequacies of safety measures and devices within student’s residential quarters of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. Appropriate recommendations were made that,the school curriculum should be revised so that safety education is incorporated in all school subjects as discipline in all levels of institutions,the school authority should mobilize teachers and students to embark on safety campaigns through symposium, lectures and film shows to upgrade the level of awareness among students the school authority should provide fire extinguishers and educate students on how to use them, trained personnel on safety programme should be invited from time to time to present lectures and seminars on safety education, there should be adequate supply of lights in the students’ hostels, there should be proper supervision of students’ environment by the security men, suggestion has been made for further future researchers in the area of safety measures and devices within students’ residential quarters of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria.
Keywords: Safety, measures, devices campus, A.B.U. Zaria.
SEXUAL HARASSMENT AMONG WORKERS AND THE CHANGE AGENDA IN BAUCHI STATE
CEPHAS N. LEKA1, BASHIR K. BARDE2 AND NWANNEKA OZOMENAM3
Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the causes of sexual harassments among workers as perceived by staff in public organizations. The researcher reviewed related literature that back up the theoretical work of the study, and a survey design was adopted for the study. Three research questions guided the study sixty (60) questionnaires were administered to sixty (60) respondents that were used for the study. Data collected was analyzed using mean on a Five Point Likert scale. From the findings, it was discovered that indecent dressing that exposes sensual parts of human body, advances unwanted sexual advances by the opposite sex. Also, watching pornographic material was found to constitute causes of sexual harassment. Among others, it was found that effect include low productivity of harassed staff because of illness are a result of the harassment; inability of harasser (especially a supervisor) to bring the victim to order where he or she goes wrong. It was recommended among others that employees should avoid dresses that expose sensitive parts of the body, employees should do away with unnecessary opposite-sex visitation and organizations that should impose rules and regulations for employees to follow in all the organizations concerning sexual harassment.
Keywords: Sexual Harassment, Change Agenda, Effects
TELEVISION, ELECTRICITY AND BALANCE OF POWER IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSFORMATION
ONIFADE OLUWAFEMI SUNDAY, SULE GODWIN MATHEW AND JONAH MARY HARUNA
(Department of Mass Communication Federal Polytechnic Bauchi)
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the latent potentials of television in the transformation of sub-Saharan Africa. It also identifies the crucial role of regular electricity if television is to fulfill its potential in the transformation of sub-Saharan African countries. It analyses the role of the mass media (especially television) and steady electricity supply in the balance of power in developing countries; suggesting that unhindered access could facilitate unprecedented transformation in sub-Saharan Africa. Using the framework of Tichenor, Donohu and Olien’s Knowledge Gap Theory, the paper suggests that sub-Saharan African political leaders widen the chasm of knowledge between themselves and the masses of their countries by denying them access to enlightenment and education through television and steady electricity supply. The paper submits that the political the social developments recorded in some developing countries are products of the education and enlightenment of their citizens through adequate access to television broadcasting and stable electricity supply. The paper recommends that access to television and electricity should be seen as fundamental human rights. It also suggests cooperation between the masses and the elites in sub-Saharan Africa as a fundamental ingredient required for their social, economic and political transformation.
Keywords: Television broadcasting, Political Communication, Democracy, Third-World Countries, Transformation.
INVESTIGATION INTO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF CUSTOMERS AND THEIR SATISFACTION OF BANQUET SERVICES OFFERED IN HOTELS IN KADUNA, KADUNA STATE NIGERIA
ALIYU, FATIMA LADI
Hospitality Department Kaduna polytechnic
ABSTRACT
The cultural background of individuals reflects on their socio-economic wellbeing. This research study is aimed to find out the relationship between socio-economic background of the customers at banquet service offered in hotels in Kaduna Nigeria and their satisfaction of the banquet service offered to them. Kaduna State in North Western Nigeria was used as the area of the study, thirty three hotels in the capital city of the state were randomly selected for the study, and Three hundred and eighty four guests at various banquet events were purposively selected for the study. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean scores, mean rankings, frequency distribution and standard deviations were applied to describe the profile of demographic characteristics of the respondents. A Spearman Rank Order Correlation (rho) a non-parametric inferential statistics was used to test the hypothesis (H0) to determine the relationship between independent variables (demographic characteristics) and dependent variables (overall customer satisfaction). Results of Spear Correlations show a small relationship (0.28%) between gender and customer satisfaction, 0.72% indicated that there was no significant correlation between age and customer satisfaction while the influence of education on customer satisfaction were negligible at 1.04%, and income has a very small influence (0.67%) on customer satisfaction. The study recommends that other attributes of banquet services should be further investigated to find out which attributes causes dissatisfaction to customers at banquet events.
Key word: Socio-Economic, Customers Satisfaction, Banquet Service, Hotels, North Western Nigeria
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTHER TONGUE ON THE SPOKEN ENGLISH OF STUDENTS IN YOBE STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, GUJBA
UMAR ADAMU MAINA1 AND TIJJANI SALEH ABBA2
Department of Basic Sciences, Yobe State College of Agriculture, Gujba.
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the “influence of mother tongue on the spoken English of students”. The English language spoken in Nigeria can be identified with many faulty realizations. This is as a result of the diverse multilingual and sociolinguistic influences on the language. The study is limited to the influence of mother tongue that is most noticeable in the area of phonology and other social causes of some students of Yobe State College of Agriculture Gujba. The native languages under study are Kanuri, Bade and Fulfude. This research therefore attempts a comparative analysis of English and three native languages’ phonetic symbols in order to identify the English sounds that are difficult for speakers of those native languages. A reading test was designed for the selected students (speakers of the three native languages studied) so as to get the percentage of the number of English sounds that constitute problems to the speakers of each language. However, the research showed that the average percentage of wrong pronunciation of the English language due to the influence of the mother tongue of Kanuri is 43%, that due to Bade 43%, while the wrong pronunciations due to influence of Fulfude is 47%. To this end the researcher provided some recommendations that will help prevent the knowledge of the three native languages under study from affecting the pronunciations of English words.
Keywords: influence, mother tongue, spoken English, college of Agriculture, Gujba.
CHAOS BASED COMPLEXITY FOR SECURITY: AN ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATION
ALIYU DANLADI HINAa, AUWAL MOHAMMED ABDULLAHIa, BALA UMARb
aDepartment of Basic Studies, The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Nigeria
bDepartment of General Studies, The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The security properties required by cryptographic primitives has to be met before it is deployed in to cryptography. Chaos theory has been considered in the science of information communication due to its properties similar to that of confusion and diffusion in cryptography: sensitivity to initial condition, mixing and ergodicity. The measure of security of cryptographic primitives based on chaotic systems has not been clearly defined, compare to the same for conventional cryptography. The keys used in a given cryptosystem are the sole parameters, expected to be hidden, and whose random qualities determines the ability of an adversary to regenerate them. Thus the randomness of sequences derived through the use of nonlinear chaotic systems has been considered. A relation of such measure to the well accepted measure of sequences used in conventional cryptography has been established.
Keywords: Chaotic sequence, Complexity, Kolmogorov complexity, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, measure.
AN EXAMINATION OF ACCURACY OF FEASIBILITY AND VIABILITY STUDIES FOR PRIVATE STUDENTS HOSTEL DEVELOPMENT IN BAUCHI NIGERIA
DOMINION A. ANOSIKE (MRS)
Taraba State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study is an investigation into the adequacy of feasibility studies carried out by Estate Surveyors and Valuers for Off Campus’ Student’s hotel development in Bauchi. Structured questionnaires were administered and analyzed using appropriate inferential statistical tools. The study revealed that estate Surveyors and valuers do not spend enough time in market surveys for feasibility and viability studies. They also do not use modern appraisal techniques that incorporate risk. It recommended that Estate surveyors and valvers carry out feasibility and viability studies in line with global best practices
Keywords: Accuracy, Feasibility, Viability, Studies, Private
POLITICIZATION OF ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS IN AFRICAN SOCIETIES: THE DIRE NEED FOR A RESPONSIVE AND RESPONSIBLE GOVERNANCE
*ADAMU BUBA **MURTALA AHMED *HUSSAINI ADAMU HUSSAINI
*Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Department of General Studies, PMB 0231, Bauchi, Nigeria **Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Department of Public Administration, PMB 0231, Bauchi, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Controls of religion, ethnicity, governmental issues and considerable clashes in African states have at the current circumstances expanded warmth in African nations. These and similar clashes have rendered individuals over the length and broadness of Africa unsecured, vagrants, antagonistic, blocked off wildernesses and the people groups rendered destitute, frail, befuddled and tagged as displaced people in their mother countries. This research investigates the ethnic, political and religious control and resultant clashes among African nations. The paper utilized auxiliary wellsprings of information and the accompanying were found among others: ethno-religious connection is a typical component of commonplace African states/social orders and all issues identified with same are exceptionally delicate to Africans; African leaders utilize the instruments of ethnic and religious contrasts to accomplish political closures; failure of the African states and the authority to suitably release their commitments has to a great extent added to the expanded control of religion and ethnicity among African states. However, it is a simple and the commonest method for claim to political hegemony. Many have been attracted into religious politicking; just to contest and gain control of power at all cost. Abuse of religion by legislators and other policy makers has prompted inordinate ethno-religious and sectional divisions and absence of trust of each other among the different religions and their followers
Keywords: Politicization, Ethnic, Religious, Conflicts, Africa and Governance.
HARNESSING TECHNOLOGY INCUBATION CENTRES FOR NIGERIAN DEVELOPMENT
ALAMU, SALAWU ABIDEEN
Economic Policy Research Department (EPRD), Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Development (NISER), PMB 5, UI Post Office, Ibadan.
ABSTRACT
The number of Technology Incubation Centres (TICs) is increasing in various countries across the globe because of their recognition as a strategy for entrepreneurship development and industrial growth. TICs have been established in almost all the states of Nigeria with the aim of industrializing the country. This paper investigates the potential of TICs for entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. Secondary data from government publications and research documents relevant to the paper subjected to analysis. Findings show that developed countries have larger number of TICs. Inadequate funding, credit facilities, lack of knowledge and high cost of infrastructure have been identified as some of the challenges of TICs. As a result, the TICs in the country have not been able to adequately promote indigenous industrial development, create adequate jobs and perform other expected functions. The paper recommends adequate funding and establishment of more TICs in the country.
Keywords: Development, Incubation, Harnessing, Technology, Nigerian
REVIEW OF PAPER “CONSISTENCY VERSUS CREDIBILTY: HOW DO COUNTRIES CHOOSE THEIR EXCHANGE RATE REGIMES BY CARMIGNANI FABRIZIO, COLOMBO, EMMILIO AND TIRELLI PATRIZIO, 2005
ASEN OMONIKE SALEWA
Department Of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
ABSTRACT
An exchange-rate regime is the way an authority manages its currency in relation to other currencies and the foreign exchange market. It is closely related to monetary policy and the two are generally dependent on many of the same factors. The exchange rate is sometimes called the most important price in a highly globalized world. A country’s choice of its exchange rate regime, between government-managed fixed rates and market-determined floating rates has significant implications for monetary policy, trade, and Macroeconomic outcomes, and is the subject of both academic and policy debate. I examined the determinants of the choice of exchange rate regimes from consistency and credibility point of view and anchored on the arguments which emanated from the debate on the relative merits and demerits of fixed and flexible exchange rates. This is because this choice entails a tradeoff between domestic currency and other equally important goals. Each of the exchange rates whether fixed, flexible or intermediate has its own merits and demerits. The credibility view portends that country’s exchange rates choice will tend to ensure consistency between the underlying fundamentals. For instance in the case of adverse economic conditions like high inflation, if a country resists devaluation of its currency, it harms its policy credibility as such an action will raise the incentive to devalue in the future. The consistency view, on the other hand, ensures the county retains an option of flexibility, for instance when inflation bias is stronger. Also I represented and interpreted several economic and political channels within a common framework using model specifications on a large data-set of 160 countries between 1974 and 2000.
Keywords: Consistency, Versus, Credibilty, Countries, Regimes.
EVIEW OF PAPER “CONSISTENCY VERSUS CREDIBILTY: HOW DO COUNTRIES CHOOSE THEIR EXCHANGE RATE REGIMES BY CARMIGNANI FABRIZIO, COLOMBO, EMMILIO AND TIRELLI PATRIZIO, 2005
ASEN OMONIKE SALEWA
Department Of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
ABSTRACT
An exchange-rate regime is the way an authority manages its currency in relation to other currencies and the foreign exchange market. It is closely related to monetary policy and the two are generally dependent on many of the same factors. The exchange rate is sometimes called the most important price in a highly globalized world. A country’s choice of its exchange rate regime, between government-managed fixed rates and market-determined floating rates has significant implications for monetary policy, trade, and Macroeconomic outcomes, and is the subject of both academic and policy debate. I examined the determinants of the choice of exchange rate regimes from consistency and credibility point of view and anchored on the arguments which emanated from the debate on the relative merits and demerits of fixed and flexible exchange rates. This is because this choice entails a tradeoff between domestic currency and other equally important goals. Each of the exchange rates whether fixed, flexible or intermediate has its own merits and demerits. The credibility view portends that country’s exchange rates choice will tend to ensure consistency between the underlying fundamentals. For instance in the case of adverse economic conditions like high inflation, if a country resists devaluation of its currency, it harms its policy credibility as such an action will raise the incentive to devalue in the future. The consistency view, on the other hand, ensures the county retains an option of flexibility, for instance when inflation bias is stronger. Also I represented and interpreted several economic and political channels within a common framework using model specifications on a large data-set of 160 countries between 1974 and 2000.
Keywords: Consistency, Versus, Credibilty, Countries, Regimes.
AN ANALYSIS OF AWAITING TRIAL INMATES IN NIGERIAN PRISONS: A STUDY OF BAUCHI METROPOLIS PRISON
ABDULWAHAB SANI, HUSSAINI ADAMU HUSSAINI & KABIRU ABUBAKAR GARBA
Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
ABSTRACT
This study examined the problem of delayed criminal trials leading to too many suspects being held in prison custody for long periods without trial. The theoretical framework adopted for the study is the Marxist/Conflict perspective which viewed the Criminal Justice System as being unfair or class neutral. Findings reveal that the poor are disproportionately affected as most of the awaiting trial inmates cannot afford legal services which would aid in speeding up their trials. It was also discovered that the Bauchi metropolis prison has 1,200 detainees/convicts for which its capacity is 500; yet, inmates awaiting trial constitute about 70% with few presently going to court. Also, findings on the prison facility uncovered that fairly sufficient facilities was rated (42.7%) and facilities not available rated (45.5%);which meant that without prolonged detention in the prison all the facilities would not have been over-used and so it minimized the maintenance cost. By way of recommendation, Amnesty International stressed that, prison reforms should include the judicious use of the powers of detention and imprisonment, not only because the abuse of such powers leads to violation of the human rights, but also because it puts unnecessary demands and pressures on the facilities, thus contributing to the collapse of its physical and medical infrastructures. To do this, the operational code for Nigeria’s prison system (1988); which is in line with the body of principles of the United Nations General Assembly (Resolution 3/173) was emphasized.
Keywords: criminal justice system, prison, awaiting trial, arraignment, detention.
CONTENTS, ISSUES AND CONSEQUENCES OF ORGANISATIONAL SOCIALISATION
ILESANMI OLADELE AYODEJI, PhD
Department of Business Administration, Osun State University Osogbo, Okuku Campus.
ABSTRACT
Socialisation for newcomers is one of several strategies used in improving employee’s performance. This paper examines contents, issues and consequences and organisational socialisation. This paper also describes domains, process, model and tactics of organisational socialisation with a view to get employees fully integrated into the shop floor so that they can contribute meaningfully to the attainment of organisational objectives. Content analysis was utilised in the writing of this paper. This paper concludes that there is a meaningful relationship between organisational socialisation and employee performance.
Keywords: Socialisation, organizational socialisation, job satisfaction, commitment, culture, motivation, absenteeism