THEME: TOWARDS UNLEASHING SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
DATE: 30TH October, 2022
VENUE: Mlimani Campus, Shuo Kikuucha, Dar Es Salam, University of Dar Er Salam, Tanzania, West-Africa.
ORGANIZERS: CAMBRIDGE PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
DOWNLOAD THE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS (NO. 1)
CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:
INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA
*KROKEYI, WISDOM SELEKEKEME & **OBAYORI, JOSEPH
*Department of Economics, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island P.M.B. 071, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. **Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This paper analyzed income distribution and poverty reduction in Nigeria. The study examined the impact of both income inequality and wage increase on poverty reduction in Nigeria. To achieve the noble objective, secondary data from World Bank and CBN statistical bulletin were collected on poverty level, income inequality and wage increase. Based on the empirical result from GMM, the paper concluded that the coefficient of determination which showed that about 67% variation in the poverty level was explained by all the explanatory variables in the model. Also, a percentage increase in income inequality will cause poverty level to rise significantly. On the other hand, a percentage increase in wages will bring about corresponding decrease in poverty level. Based on the findings, the paper recommended amongst others that there should be sound family programme and welfare package design and implemented in order to check the growing rates of poverty and income inequality in Nigeria.
Keywords: GMM, Poverty, Income Distribution and Development
AN INDISCRIMINATE DEFAECATION AND DISPOSAL OF FAECAL MATERIAL MAKE PERI-URBAN CULTIVATED CROPS POTENTIALS FOR PARASITE TRANSMISSION AND EXPOSE PARASITES TO COMMUNITY
AHMED, U.A
Department of Biological Science, Federal University Gashua, P.M.B 1005, Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
Abstract
The risk factors of contracting Neglected Tropical Diseases are becoming increasingly high in both rural and urban settlements. Faecal contamination of food is another form of faecal – oral transmission. Opened space defaecation is commonplace in rural settlement while indiscriminate disposal of faecal material is common in urban settlements. The business of faecal material disposal is flourishing in urban areas and the stake holders are not aware of risk factors and they lack proper site for the faecal waste disposal. As a result, parasites are exposed to community. A study was conducted at Nomansland, a Peri-urban settlement in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Over a period of four months, vegetables were examined for parasites and Ancylostoma duodenale, Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba histolytica, Fasciola hepatica, Giardia lamblia, Necator americanus, Schistosoma haematobium, and Strongyloides stercoralis were observed. Demonstration and implications of F-diagram (faeces, fingers, flies, fields, fluids, feed) should be addressed to members of the community. This study was restricted to parasitic examination. Bacterial, fungal and viral examinations are recommended.
Keywords: Community, Defaecation, Faecal, Giardia lamblia, Strongyloides stercoralis
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND PROPERTIES OF ZNO-POLYANILINE NANOCOMPOSITE
ZAHARADDEEN MUHAMMADI, MISBAHU SAAID AHMAD1, GEETHA BHAVANI2
1Department of Chemistry Sule Lamido University Kafin Hausa 2Noida International University
ABSTRACT
Chemical precipitation technique and chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline were used to synthesized ZnO nanosize (22 to 37nm) and polyaniline respectively. The ZnO-polyaniline nanocomposite was made by insitu polymerization. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) were the techniques employed for the characterization of the nanoparticles. The frequency ranges of 500 to 2000 KHz at different temperature were used to investigate the conductivity and dielectric properties of ZnO-polyaniline nanocomposite. It was observed that the conductivity of ZnO-polyaniline composite increased with temperature and frequency. The conductivity and dielectric constants decrease with higher proportions ZnO polyaniline nanocompiste it was learnt that the interface formed between ZnO particles and polyaniline causes the decrease of conductivity and dielectric constant in ZnO-polyaniline nanocomposite.
Keywords: Zinc Oxide, Polyaniline, nanocomposite, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURE QUALITY OF LISTED CEMENT COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
KABIRU SHUAIBU
Department of Accounting, Gombe State University, Nigeria
Abstract
This study sought to examine the influence of firm characteristics on environmental disclosure quality of listed cement companies in Nigeria. Data were extracted from the annual report and accounts of the listed cement companies for the period of 2013-2017.Firm age, firm size and leverage was used as a proxy for firm characteristics. In order to measure the extent of environmental disclosure quality, the annual reports of the firms were analyzed through content analysis using GRI as index of disclosure and the study analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression technique via STATA 12.0.Findings from the study revealed that firm age, firm size and leverage has significant impact on quality of environmental disclosure and the study recommended among others that listed cement companies in Nigeria should maintain optimum level of debt and have control over the size of the firm as it have impact on the quality of environmental disclosure and also Nigerian Government should made environmental disclosure mandatory rather than voluntary this is because it’s becoming important for companies to incorporate governance, social and environmental issues in their business strategies and should be communicated to all stakeholders of the companies.
Keywords: Firm Age, Firm Size, Firm Leverage and Environmental Disclosure Quality
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF BANKING AND INSURANCE INDUSTRIES ON THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
*AGUNUWA EKOKOTU VINCENT (Ph.D); & **JOHNSON-ITABITA PATIENCE (Ph.D)
*Department Of Banking And Finance, School Of Business Studies, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara. **Department Of Business Administration/ Management, School Of Business Studies, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara
Abstract
The focus of the study is on a comparative analysis of the impact of the business activities of both insurance and the banking industries on the level of economic growth in Nigeria. The main objective is to establish their relative performance in order to determine their relative influence on the level of economic growth in Nigeria. In this study, the levels of performance of both industries are proxied by the level of their profitability. The study covered the period between 1994 and 2020. The Co-integration and the Error correlation mechanism were used to analyze the data. The result of the ADF showed that the variables are I (-1). The result of the Johansen Co-integration test showed a long run relationship amongst the profitability of both the banking and insurance sector and that they have a positive and significant impact on the level of economic growth, but the elasticity indicates that the banking sector performed better than the insurance companies. Thus the study recommends amongst others, further reforms in the banking and the insurance industries, in order to enhance or improve their performance in the Nigerian economy.
Keywords: Bank Profits, Insurance Profits, Economic Growth, Interest Rate, Co-integration.
NEGATIVE IMPACT OF GAS FLARING ON THE TEMPERATURE, SOIL, CLIMATE AND ON THE PEOPLE OF UMUEBULU IN ETCHE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.
CHINYERE P. OBIDIEGWU (PhD) & 1JOHN O. OKARA
Biology Education Department, School of Science Education, Federal College of Education (Tech), Asaba
ABSTRACT
Owing to the malady of global climatic change which is an omniscient challenge of our contemporary world, gas flaring as an abnormality has procured prime significance over the last few decades. This study is about gas flaring and its negative impacts on temperature, soil, climate and on the people of Umuebulu in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study utilized empirical research design. The stratified sampling technique was used to stratify the area into six layers using distance from the flare site as a yardstick, thus the strata includes 100m, 200m, 300m , 400m, 500m, 600m from the flare site. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the analysis of data. Findings include majority of respondents (92.0%), suggested that the temperature in Umuebulu was cooler than it was now as compared to the (8.0%) that responded otherwise. The negative impact of gas flaring on the environment include; acid rain (75.3%), air pollution (93.1%), temperature rise (84.3%) and deforestation (85.1%). The following crops were currently being affected by gas flaring in Umuebulu, Yam (99.0%), Cassava (85.3%), Okro (96.0%), Plantain (54.0%), Potatoes (7.3%) and maize (100%). Locations Closer to the flare site were hotter than locations further from the flare site (mean annual temperature at 100m from the site was 29.1 0c at 600m at 28.1 0c). It is also responsible for the health problems of the people of Umuebulu, which includes bronchitis, asthma, cancer and many other gruesome ailments. The ANOVA model was significant at P> 0.00. This implied that the variation in temperature in terms of distance from the flare site within Umuebulu area was significant.
Keywords: Umuebulu, gas flaring, Health problems, Niger Delta, Nigeria, Temperature, Soil, Acid rain.
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT CONTROL IN JOORO VILLAGE, ASA-DAM ROAD, ILORIN, KWARA STATE
FADIPE SAMUEL BAMIDELE
Urban &Regional Planning, Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin
ABSTRACT
The challenges and prospect of physical development control cannot be overlooked especially in the case of Asa-dam area which is an urban area designated by Kwara State Ministry of Housing & urban development, Ilorin. This study is aim to examine the challenges facing Town Planning and Development Authority and to assess the prospect that can be derived from adequate development control. The objectives of the study, is to assess the land used applicable to the study area, also to determine the compliance of developer in relation with the physical development control policy. This study is carried out through direct survey of physical development activities in the town, which administer of 86 questionnaire in three zone(Zone A, Zone B, & Zone C) to the developers on site and 10 questionnaire to development control agency in Ilorin Kwara state and were retrieved respectively. With the interview of development control agency in Ilorin, Kwara state revealed some hindrances as lack of planning tools and equipment, inadequate funding of the concern authority above all lack of organized public enlightenment programme. Having identified the aforementioned hindrance, the study however, recommends proper funding of the development control agency, provision of equipment and enactment of standing rules That will enhance effective development control mechanism and eventually create a conducive living, working, and recreating environment.
Keywords: development control, planning permit, building codes, prospect and challenges
ASSESSMENTS OF SCAFFOLDING AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY FOR EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA, NIGERIA
*ADENIJI AJIBOLA ABIDEMI **DR BANJOKO SUNDAY & **DR AKINTOYE HAKEEM
*Integrated Science Department, Federal College of Education, Abeokuta **Department of Science and Technology Education, Faculty of Education, Lagos State University, Ojo
ABSTRACT
The student academic achievement in both internal and external examination in sciences with reference to Biology is worrisome. The future of Nigeria to move from developing Nations to developed Nations based largely on her scientific breakthrough. The teaching pedagogy used to teach the students must be relevant to the students to achieve optimal goal. The research was conducted on teaching strategies and the use of better instructional teaching strategy to teach the students at secondary school level. The research was carried out using quasi-experimental research designed in the impact of scaffolding in teaching and learning of Biological concepts on students’ academic achievement. The intact class of 132 students were used for the research and categorized into two groups; experimental or treatment group and control group. The experimental group were 19 students and control group were 113 of intact classes. Three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 alpha level of significance. All the t-cal > t-crit, therefore, the hypotheses were rejected which means there are significant impact of scaffolding on the students achievement when used in teaching and learning of Biology concept. Recommendations were made for teachings, policy makers and stakeholders in education industries to enhance students’ academic achievement and retention of scientific ideology in Biology.
Keywords: Assessments, impact, scaffolding, re-energizing, achievement, system
EFFECT OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTION DEVELOPMENT ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN NIGERIA, 1960 – 2021
OYESIJI, YINUSA KOLAWOLE*; BELLO, ADELEKE HUSSEIN**; OLADEJI, EMMANUEL OLAYINKA***’; & SIKIRU, ISIAKA OLAWALE****
*’ ***,**** Banking and finance department, The Oke Ogun Polytechnic, Saki. **, Accountancy department, The Oke Ogun Polytechnic, Saki.
Abstract
Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria has dropped by $325.82m in two year, according to data from the National Bureau of Statistics. This study intends to examine effect of financial institution development on foreign direct investment in Nigeria. Data were source from word bank indicators (wdi) for this study. Autoregressive distribution lag (ARDL) was employed to analyse the data and the result revealed that A month lags of foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP), inflation (IF) and real interest rate (RIR) have positive significant effect on foreign direct investment, Two months lag of FDI as positive significant effect on FDI while MS2 has negative significant effect on FDI, Three month lag of IF has negative significant effect on FDI, Four months lag of IF has positive significant effect on FDI and current year DCP has positive significant effect on FDI. It is recommended that the Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) should encourage all banks to grant more loans to domestic private sectors which in turn lead to increase foreign direct investment in Nigeria. Foreign direct investment, financial development, Domestic credit to private sectors, Inflation, Real interest rate.
ASSESSMENT OF SCHOOL FACILITIES MAINTENANCE IN NIGERIA FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING PROCESS. (A CASE STUDY OF NORTH EASTERN PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS)
MOHAMMAD HASSAN GARBA
Adamu Tafawa Balewa College of Education, Kangere, Bauchi, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the maintenance of school facilities for effective teaching process in public senior secondary schools in north eastern Nigeria . The researcher interested to determine the extent to which public senior secondary schools utilized preventive maintenance, used replacement maintenance, applied periodic maintenance and consideration attached to emergency maintenance. The study employed cross-sectional survey design and proportionate stratified random sampling techniques. The population of the study is 5121 respondents and the study sample stood at 357 respondents. The study covered all public senior secondary schools in north eastern Nigeria. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data. To give the general description of the data, frequency and simple percentages were used for demographic data; mean and standard deviation were used to answer the four research questions and four null hypotheses were formulated and the testing was done using independent sample t-test. The instrument was validated by four experts, two from educational admin and planning and two were selected from test and measurement. The instrument was pilot tested using test re-test method and the reliability index was 0.808. The study concludes that facilities maintenance was in a moderate extent in some state because of their the good Administration and policies. School facilities were in a good shape but currently deteriorated due to poor maintenance of school facilities. It was recommended that both male and female teachers in every public senior secondary school in the state should be encouraged to utilize preventive maintenance in their respective schools. Day public secondary schools’ administrators should use part of their internally generated revenue to support periodic maintenance. Ministry of Education officials should monitor and supervise schools on regular basis to ensure that the four maintenance approaches are put in practice for the effectiveness of teaching process in public senior secondary schools in north eastern Nigeria.
Keyword: Assessment, Facilities, Maintenance, Effectiveness , Teaching, and process
UNDERSTANDING THE ECOLOGY OF DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
*INUWA ABDU IBRAHIM**BELLO MADAKI BELI ***ADAMU BUBA
*Department of Public Administration, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria**Department of Mass Communication, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria***Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
When ecology is fused to public administration, it is the beginning, impact and importance of public administration in Nigeria environment. Meaning the influences of historical, natural, political, religious, socio-cultural, economic and other significant national experiences, have one way or another influenced the growth as well as development of public administration in Nigeria. The paper also looks at how the environment ultimately affects the lives, characteristics and history of the people with a community or nation. The secondary source of data was adopted for the paper. It concluded by stressing the role of media in national development. And the SALA model as postulated by Riggs as ways of understanding and ensuring development through public administration for countries like Nigeria.
Keywords: state, development and ecology
EFFECT OF REPOSITIONING LAND TITLING FOR WEALTH CREATION IN NIGERIA
*ESV.UWAEZUOKE NGOZI IFEANYI; **ESV. OLOWOLERU OLAITAN ADEDEJI; ***ESV. KING OLAWUNMI RIDWAN; *ABDULKAREEM RESHIDAT ARIKE; & *ESV. OLADOJA ISMAILA OLAWALE,
*Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin. **Federal polytechnic offa. ***Lagos State University of Science & Technology
Abstract
When de Soto published his challenging book on The Mystery of Capital in 2000, it evoked an immediate reaction among international aid agencies, researchers on land policy matters and persons concerned with poverty alleviation and urban development issues, while some reactions were positively enthusiastic in their acceptance of the idea of land titling as a panacea for poverty alleviation and socioeconomic transformation, others were critical of his seeming simplistic approach while a few condemned the idea outright as being unrealistic and impracticable. Almost a decade since, experiential evidence from various parts of the world where land titling has been adopted while some suggest that it is only part of the solution to the endemic problems of sustainable land development and social wealth creation. This paper examines land titling practice in Nigeria which questionnaire are use to derive information on inherent inadequacies in the approaches commonly used particularly as regards the impact on the economic fortunes of rights holders generally and also of the government at its various levels. Suggestions are offered on the best way to reposition land titling procedurally and systematically in order to achieve the objectives of wealth creation, poverty alleviation and economic efficiency.
Keywords: Land Titling; Wealth creation; Land Policy; Land Rights
APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND SURVEYING TECHNIQUES IN ROAD NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURES MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA. A CASE STUDY OF ABUJA PHASE 1 ROAD NETWORKS.
IBOCHI, ANDREW ABAH1* (MNIS) & KARDAM, MOHAMMED SHEHU2* (MNIS)
*Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. **Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.
Abstract
Road networks play a vital role in the socio-economic and political development of the country. It’s the asset base for all economic transactions and developments. The aim of this study is to assess the state of road networks conditions of Phase 1 road networks, Abuja. The study employ satellite image, street guide map, field observation, visual inspection, company literature, questionnaire and interview to collect both spatial and non-spatial data for this study. The data gathered were processed and analyzed in ArcGIS 10.3 application software. The spatial analysis and queries carried out revealed a total of 582, 65 and 2 road networks are in the state of good conditions, fair conditions and failed conditions respectively. Various degree of potholes and alligator cracks were the defects were observed on the fair and failed road networks in the study area. The study applauds the application of remote sensing and surveying techniques in road monitoring and maintenance. It further suggests regular survey and maintenance for effective management of the nation’s road infrastructures.
Keywords: Remote Sensing, Surveying, Road networks, Infrastructures, Management
ACHIEVING A SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE AND MARKET GROWTH THROUGH MARKETING STRATEGY: A CASE EXAMPLE OF A SMALL FAMILY COFFEE SHOP.
1SADEEQ GARBA ABUBAKAR 2BELLO ADAMU DOGOJI 3ZAHRA’U BALA MALAMI 4SARKI ZAKARI SHEHU 5MARYAM TIJJANI ABBA
1&2Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. 3,4&5Department of Marketing, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The organisation in focus is a small family coffee shop that is aiming at creating a differential advantage within its target segment by which a distinct competitive position relative to other coffee shops can be established, and from which sales and profit would flow. The coffee would want to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage through the manipulation of the elements of the marketing mix comprising the 7Ps elements. The differentiation of the product and service of the new coffee shop from that of competitors mean making the products distinctive and different from those of rivals and creating a unique selling point that in turn strengthens the brand. There would also be the implementation and monitoring of the organisation’s performance in order to take any corrective action. Since circumstance both within the organisation and in its environment are unlikely to stay constant while strategy is being pursued, it is necessary to accommodate such changes for the overall benefit of the organisation. This study focuses on strategic and marketing analysis of the new coffee shop with the aim of securing a solid take up point for the organisation. Secondly, it looked at strategic direction and strategic formulation which essentially focused at the future and the objectives to be accomplished by the organisation. This study covers some specific strategies, tactics, resource allocation, schedules of responsibilities/tasks, budget, monitoring and evaluation. Finally, it covered the control aspects such as the marketing control processes and the gap bridging skills required to achieve the marketing goals in the organisation under focus in the most efficient and effective manner.
Key Words: Marketing strategy, Differential advantage, Distinct competition, Marketing mix, Implementation, Monitoring, Marketing control
ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AND EMPLOYEE’S JOB PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED INSTITUTIONS IN EDO AND DELTA STATES
*JOHNSON – ITABITA, PATIENCE (PhD); & **AGUNUWA, EKOKOTU VINCENT (PhD)
*Department of Business Administration/Management, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe – Oghara. **Department of Banking & Finance, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe – Oghara
ABSTRACT
The study examined the relationship that between organizational culture and Employee’s job performance in selected tertiary institutions in Delta and Edo states. The specific objectives of the study sought to: ascertain the extent to which organisational vision affects employee’s job performance, assess the nature of relationship between organisational shared assumption and how it affects employee’s job performance, The population of the study was 3,117 teaching and non-teaching employees of the selected tertiary institutions in Delta and Edo States. The sample size of 355 was determined using Taro Yamane’s statistical formula from the staff population of three thousand, one hundred and seventeen (3,117). Simple random sampling procedure was used to select the respondents in each of the selected institutions while Bowley’s proportional allocation method was adopted to determine the allocation of questionnaire to each of the participated institutions. Data were collected through the use of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured on Likert five–point scale. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to test the reliability of the variables. The result gave a reliability coefficient of 0.819, indicating high degree of internal consistency of items in the questionnaire. The construct, content and face instrument validity was done by measurement and evaluation experts and the project supervisors. (ANOVA) Analysis of Variance as the inferential statistic used for the data analysis. The acceptable probability level of significance was 0.05. The findings revealed that Organisational vision had no significant difference with employee’s job performance, Organisational shared assumption had no significant difference with employee’s job performance, The study concluded that effective implementation of organisational culture indicators did not only benefit the selected tertiary institutions but it was also a pointer for better employee’s job performance in terms of competitive advantage, better service delivery, stakeholders loyalty, workers ‘commitment, efficiency, , employee retention, good corporate image and environmental friendliness. The study recommended that management of tertiary institutions in Edo and Delta States and the entire country should effectively implement a strong organisational culture for better job performance.
Keywords: Organizational Culture, Job performance, Organizational Vision, Taro Yamane Statistical Formula, Likert Five Point Scale.
A STUDY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS NEEDED BY OFFICE TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT PROSPECTIVE GRADUATES FOR SUCCESSFUL OPERATION OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISE
1CEPHAS N. LEKA, 2BITRUS SUMMI
Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi.
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the entrepreneurial skills required by office technology and management prospective graduates for successful operation of a business enterprise. Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi was the area of the study. The study examined the management skills, Human relation skills, Technical skills, and Communication skills needed by office technology and management prospective graduates for successful operation of a business enterprise. The research had four purposes and four research questions were formulated. The study employed a survey research design and the population consisted of 50 HND II students as the respondents. A questionnaire of 23 question items were asked to answer the research questions, using four point rating scale. The researchers administered the questionnaire to the respondents directly and collected the same back. Data collection were analyzed using mean. The finding revealed among others that, entrepreneurship skills will serves as basis for self-employment among the prospective graduates, which will reduce the problem of waiting for white collar jobs. It was recommended among others that prospective graduates of Office Technology and Management should strive toward entrepreneurial skills acquisition.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Skills, Office Technology and Management, Business Enterprises.
A PROPOSED HOTELLING’S T2 MODEL FOR REVENUE GENERATION FROM THE SOURCE FOR BAUCHI STATE
ABBAS UMAR FAROUK, 2SAGIR MAHMUD ABDULLAH
1&2Mathematics and Statistics Department, School of Science and Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi.
Abstract:
This research work is proposing a model using Hotelling’s T2 to analyze the problems and prospects of Revenue Generation by source (PAYE, capital gain tax, value added tax and road tax) in the Northern, Central and Southern Senatorial Zones of Bauchi State, to show the importance of Revenue and its application towards nation building. The purpose is to find out which of the three Senatorial Zones can generate more revenue. The revenue for the zones were collected from 2003-2012, from four selected sources as mentioned above. This is to help us choose the most suitable statistical tool for the research. The Hotelling’s -distribution was distribution was used for the statistical analysis, it is carried out to study the “distance” from the target using covariance matrix, conclusions is drawn and recommendations are given. From the conclusion, we reject the hypothesis H₀ and conclude that the zones are not the same.
Keywords: Hotelling’s T2, Revenue generation, model, PAYE, Tax.
ONTOLOGY, EPISTEMOLOGY AND AXIOLOGY IN QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: ELUCIDATION OF THE RESEARCH PHILOPHICAL MISCONCEPTION
ALIYU AHMAD ALIYU1, IBRAHIM MUSA SINGHRY1, HARUNA ADAMU1 AND MU’AWUYA MUHAMMAD ABUBAKAR1
1Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, P.M.B. 0248, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abstract
Even though the philosophy of science has moved somewhat away from positivism to a wider understanding of science and knowledge, there still is little agreement about defining science. Researchers are concerned about the dissertations that they were reading which had no mention of philosophy or the philosophical underpinnings of their research questions or designs. The researcher’s concerns about PhD students (earning a Doctor of Philosophy degree) who never mentioned the word “philosophy” in their dissertations prompted this study. This research really wondered and wanted to know if the Philosophy of Science and Theory Development course has relevance. In a research world that supports quantitative research with a bias against qualitative designs, the research is curious about the experiences of PhD students who had experienced both the Philosophy of Science and Theory Development and Qualitative Methods of Inquiry courses. In conclusion effort was made to clarify what ontology, epistemology and axiology entail so as to have clear understanding of what the terms mean.
Keywords: Axiology, Epistemology, Ontology, Qualitative/Quantitative Research and Research Philosophy
DETERMINATION OF PROPAGATION PATH LOSS EXPONENT FOR GSM NETWORK IN MUBI, ADAMAWA STATE
V.O. FACHE AND A.T. SHALLUM
Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Abstract
The propagation path loss exponent of a mobile radio environment is a major component in planning and deployment of GSM network. It is critical in estimating the signal coverage and capacity of the cellular system. The aim of this study was to determine the propagation path loss exponent (PLE) for Mubi environment from the analysis of received signal strength measurements from a GSM network. The received signal levels at distances of 50m, 100m, 150m, up to 1000m along ten different routes in Mubi Town were collected through drive tests with the aid of Ericsson’s Test Mobile System (TEMS) cell planner tool. Least square regression was employed to analyze and determine the PLE. From the results, PLE for Mubi was found to range from 2.40 to 3.18 with an average value of 2.79 which was found to be in agreement with typical values for urban micro cells indicating moderate effect of large scale fading, multipath and shadowing.
Keywords: Path loss, path loss exponent, signal strength, fading, multipath, fading.
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF COMPACTION PRESSURE ON THE COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUNDNUT SHELL BRIQUETTES
*NASIRU SHUAIBU, **HABOU DANDAKOUTA & **A. A. BELLO
*Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria **Department of Mechanical Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi Stat, Nigeria
Abstract
This work evaluated the effect of compaction pressure on the combustion characteristics of groundnut shell briquettes. The combustion characteristics evaluated in the study were % volatile matter, % fixed carbon, % ash content and heating values of the briquettes. The briquettes were formed with the aid of a fabricated briquetting machine at compaction pressures of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5Mpa respectively and particle size of 2.2mm. A dwell time of 120 seconds was observed during the briquettes formation. The results obtained showed that the compaction pressure had a positive effect on the combustion characteristics evaluated and the values obtained compared well with the work of previous researchers. Moreover, the % volatile matter and heating values increased with increase in compaction pressure and dropped with further increase in the pressure. Whereas, the % fixed carbon decreased with increase in compaction pressure and increased with further increase in pressure, while the % ash content n compaction pressure. Recommendations were put forward for further research.
Keywords: briquettes, combustion, fixed carbon, volatile matter, heating value
INTELLIGENT WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING COGNITIVE RADIO
YAKUBU NUHU DANJUMA
Department of Computer Science , Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The increasing demand for wireless communication introduces efficient spectrum utilization challenge. To address this challenge, cognitive radio (CR) is emerged as the key technology; which enables opportunistic access to the spectrum. CR is a form of wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in use and which are not, and instantly move into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones. This optimizes the use of available radio-frequency (RF) spectrum while minimizing interference to other users. In this paper, we present a state of the art on the use of Multi Agent Systems (MAS) for spectrum access using cooperation and competition to solve the problem of spectrum allocation and ensure better management. Then we propose a new approach which uses the CR for improving wireless communication for a single cognitive radio mobile terminal (CRMT).
Keywords: Cognitive Radio, wireless communications, mobility, Artificial Intelligence, Multi Agent Systems.
EXPLORING NEW DIRECTION FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT: THE ROLE OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (BIM)
*DR. T. OLUSEYI ODEYALE, *OLALEKAN KEHINDE, *FAGBEMI KAYODE AND **SADIKU ABRAHAM
*Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704 Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria **Department of Architecture, Ogun State Institute of Science and Technology, Igbesa, Ogun State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Building Information Modelling (BIM) offers an alternative and better method of handling information for integrated project delivery approach to that of the traditional fragmented method of collaboration in the built environment. This paper is aimed at assessing the awareness and the prospects of adopting BIM in the professional Architectural practices in Nigeria using Akure as a case study. The rate of urbanisation and transformation of the built environment in the face of globalisation, calls for a new direction in the processing and handling of building information. This is particularly necessary as the current business model is inadequate for maximum productivity. The field investigation focused on determining the current business model of selected Architectural practice as well as assessing their awareness of Building Information Modelling and whether or not professionals are going to adopt it soon. The findings showed that the method of collaboration among professionals remain fragmented, the use of 3d software and even BIM software is limited to just 3D visualization and plan details. The study revealed that despite a good number of respondents already conscious of the benefit of using a BIM tool; their overall approach to project delivery remains fragmented. Awareness of the concept of BIM was a little above average among respondents but BIM implementation in professional practice is very low. It was discovered that challenges faced by respondents in the adoption of BIM is that other professionals with whom they work and exchange building information with do not work with BIM and that they lack staff with adequate knowledge to adopt the BIM workflow. The paper concluded that Building Information Modelling (BIM) has greater advantage than the existing traditional practice involving 2D drafting. BIM also has the inherent ability to foster integrated project delivery by creating a common platform for all professionals to work simultaneously on a project thereby costly minimising design and construction errors.
Keywords: Architectural practices, Building Information Modelling (BIM), collaboration, construction, urban transformation.
SOLID WASTE SCAVENGING IN BAUCHI METROPOLIS OF BAUCHI STATE
BALA, SAGIR MADAKI, DR. HALILU BABAJI AND BELLO, MADAKI BELI
School of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study focuses on scavenging activities in Bauchi metropolis. Scavenging is a process of selective picking of recyclable, re-useable or resell able materials from waste. This activity is very common in Bauchi metropolis. The study reveals different age, education etc of scavengers, categories of materials the scavengers collects and how they are valued, it also find out the average income of the scavenger per day, how injury sustained during scavenging activities are handle and some other problems associated with scavenging. It ends by recommending means and ways to better the activities of these scavengers.
Keywords; Scavengers, Waste, Re-Use Able, Recyclable, Re-Sellable
STUDIES ON THE ABIOTIC CONDITIONS OF KARIDNA RESERVOIR IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
ABDULAZEEZ, M.T1., WADA. Y1., BALARABE, M.L2., ABDULLAHI, S.A.2
*1: Biology Department Federal College of Education, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria *2: Department Of Biology, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Zaria Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study seeks to investigate the Physico-chemical parameters of Karidna Reservoir in Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State. The investigation was carried out for a period of one year between October 2013 and September 2014. Five sampling stations were chosen. The physicochemical parameters were determined using standard methods, procedures and instruments. The results showed that pH had a range 6.19-8.63,Temperature 25.94-31.54 oC, Electrical Conductivity 38.20-64.20µS/cm, Total Dissolved Solids 19.20-37.20 mg/l, Transparency 19.40-40.10 cm Dissolved Oxygen 2.40-6.81mg/L, Hardness 3.48-174.4mg/L Calcium 2.14-3.86mg/L, Biological Oxygen Demand 2.91-40.85mg/L, Chloride 2.28-3.58mg/L Phosphate-phosphorus 0.04-0.24mg/L, Nitrate- Nitrogen 0.14-0.30mg/L, Sulphate 0.06-0.21mg/L and Alkalinity with 2.51-5.04mg/l. Phosphate-phosphorus, Nitrate- Nitrogen, Sulphate, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Transparency, Dissolved Oxygen and Biological Oxygen Demand were highly significant at (P<0.01) between the seasons while non-significant differences were observed in Chloride, Hardness, Alkalinity, Temperature and pH.. Calcium was the only parameter that was significant at P<0.05. Non-significant differences were obtained across the stations. All the physico-chemical parameters revealed monthly and seasonal variations across stations.
Keywords; Abiotic conditions, Karidna Reservoir, Kaduna state, Sampling stations, Seasons
RE-ENGINEERING REVENUE GENERATION POTENTIALS OF STATES IN THIRD WORLD NATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF STATES’ REVENUE GENERATION CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA
AWUSA, PETER EWA
Nogak Polytechnic-Ikom, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Financial drought and crippling insolvency in many states has led to unprecedented pressure and severe challenges paying workers salaries obligation, increasing cost of governance and infrastructural development in many states in Nigeria, Cross River state inclusive; a problem which had been contended to have emanated from reduction in federal allocations and poor revenue generation. The study assessed States Revenue Generation Challenges in Nigeria. To achieve the objectives of the study, primary data were generated through questionnaires. A sample size of 211 was drawn from the study population of 436. Descriptive statistic was utilized to analyze the data. The study result shows among others that corruption, poor accountability and tax evasion are challenges militating against revenue generation in Cross River State. The study concludes that revenue generation is a matter of paramount importance for any meaningful development to take place in the state and there is need for government to put in place palliative measures that will control challenges’ militating against revenue generation in the State. Therefore, the study recommends that government should put in place measures that will enhance blockage of revenue leakages that militate against revenue generation in Cross River State and facilitate sustainable revenue generation in the state.
Keywords: Revenue, Revenue Generation and Challenges
MANAGEMENT OF WATER UTILITY DISTRIBUTION NETWORK, USING GIS APPROACH (A CASE STUDY OF NEW GRA BAUCHI)
- J. SANI, SHU’AIBU UMAR, SURV. IBOCHI A. A.
Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Utility sector is one of the fastest growing of the many fields in which geographical information system (GIS) is used. GIS is emerging as an important planning, implementation, management and operations tool for the utility industries such as telecomm, transportation, energy and several urban utilities such as water supply, waste water and health. ‘The utility mapping systems are concern with the description and mapping of physical network of distribution lines and the associated facilities that ensure their effective performance’ (C. U. Ezeigbo, 2006). An existing analogue map and plans of pipe distribution network of the study area was obtained and digitized. This form the framework within which all other geo-spatial data were accurately geo-referenced. Spatial database were created to show the relationship of pipe with attribute data. At the end of the study a spatial database that shows the water distribution system in New GRA of Bauchi metropolis, Bauchi state.
Keywords: utility, gis, spatial, geo-reference
ASSESSMENT OF HALIDES (FLUORIDE AND CHLORIDE) AND SOME SELECTED METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN THE SELECTED TOOTHPASTES MARKETED IN SAKI, OYO STATE, NIGERIA
*IMRAN, M.O., *LAWAL, I.A., AND *AZEEZ, G.O., AND 1BOLANLE, EZRA OYEWUMI
*Science Laboratory Technology Department, The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State, 1Science Laboratory Technology Department, Adeseun Ogundoyin Polytechnic, Eruwa, Oyo State.
ABSTRACT
Bad breath can be a major problem, which is caused by odour producing bacteria that grown in the mouth. Bad breath can often be prevented by the use of oral care product. Toothpaste has multifunctional configuration as oral care product that can however constitute a possible source, among others, of toxic metals exposure in public health. Although toothpastes are considered as topical cosmetics that are not normally ingested, it is evident that they may contribute to the introduction of heavy metals and zenobiotics through buccal and gastrointestinal absorption. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of concentrations of minerals in different toothpaste brand, (Olive, Pepsodent, My my, Dabur herbal and Close-up) marketed in a student populated area in Saki area of Oyo states. Digestion of the sample was carried out using aqua regia. Results of the analysis showed that Zinc and Tin exhibit high values of concentrations, this is because the two nutrients wee incorporated as parts of the ingredient at the amounts which were not beyond the acceptable values recommended by standard organizations. Pb and Ni were obtained in meaningful amounts that do not beyond the limit set by EU and US standard. Cl– and I– values in the sample A-E (Table 4.1) showed that Cl– is of highest concentration which ranges from 450 to 175ppm, of which sample C possess the highest value. All were present in the range that were not exceeded the permissible limit recommend by the approved body such as WHO and USEPA. It can be concluded that those toothpaste of this study as at the time of this research are safe to use.
Keywords: Toothpaste, Bacteria, Minerals, Digestion, Heavy metals.