THEME: TRANSFORMATION AGENDA FOR THIRD WORLD COMMUNITIES IN EVOLVING AS GLOBAL DEVELOPED NATION: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
DATE: 28th February, 2022
VENUE: FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, AKURE, AKURE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA.
ORGANIZERS: BERKELEY RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL.
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:
THE EFFECT OF LIME VARIATION ON INDEX AND COMPACTION CHARACTERISTIC OF A CLAY SOIL USING THREE DIFFERENT COMPACTIVE EFFORTS
*ADAMU UMAR ADAMU, SABO BALA AND ADAMU MUHAMMAD ISA
**Department of Physical Planning, Federal University of kashere, Gombe State, Nigeria. **Department of Civil Engineering, Modibbo Adama University Yola.
Abstract
This paper presents the influence of lime variation on index and compaction characteristic of a clay soil using three different compaction energy with a view to ameliorating the problems pose by this soil to civil engineering structures such as road, building, foundation and embankments. The clay soil was classified as A-7-5 (29) and CH according to the American Association of State Highway and Transport Officials (AASHTO) and the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). XRD result revealed that three strongest peaks numbered 1,2 and 7 yielded two theta(2ϴ) values of 18.24970,24.02030 and 47.53500 respectively, which showed the prevalence of kaolinite and chlorite clay minerals with mixtures of chrysotile and other minerals. The clay soil was stabilized with 0,2,4,6 and 8% hydrated lime by weight of the dry soil. laboratory tests such as Atterberg limit, free swell, linear shrinkage, specific gravity, sieve analysis, compaction test using three different compactive effort of British standard light (BSL), British standard Heavy (BSH) and West African Standard (WAS) were carried out. The result revealed that there is a decreasing trend in the free swell and linear shrinkage with increase in the concentration of lime. This could be attributed to the mineralogy and mechanical bonding between the clay lattice. The result also showed that the addition of small amount of lime to clay soil have a significant effect to the clay soil by altering the physical and mechanical properties such as swelling, shrinkage potential and compaction characteristic of the soil. the beneficial effect of lime addition to the soil is that it decreases the free swell potential, shrinkage and maximum dry density and increase the optimum moisture content of the soil with increase in lime concentration. A One- way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test performed on the generated data also confirmed that addition of prescribed amount of lime significantly altered the engineering properties of the clay soil.
Key words: Clay soil, Lime, index properties, compaction, free swell, linear shrinkage and compactive effort
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF COMMERCIAL COMPLEXES IN MINNA, NIGERIA
YAHAYA MAJI ISAH AND NAMNSO BASSEY UDOEKANEM
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Abstract
Investors rely on Cost-Benefits Analysis (CBA) to guide their investment decisions. The need to determine environmental and social costs and benefits of a proposed commercial property development is crucial to help decide on the best option to adopt. Despite this recognized benefit of CBA, there has been little focus on CBA of commercial property investments in Minna metropolis. This study involves the preparation of CBA of commercial complexes in Minna, Nigeria with specific focus on those recently developed in the city. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, administered to commercial property developers, occupiers, and real estate professionals. The study revealed that location, economy, and transportation/infrastructure are the major factors that influence the demand for commercial complexes. . It also found that return on investment is the major reason private estate developers participate in commercial complex development while the most significant constraint in developing commercial complexes in Minna is high construction cost.
Keywords: Cost-Benefit Analysis, Commercial Complexes, Property Investment, Minna
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATION CULTURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN ABUJA.
*IBRAHIM, A. O. AND TSADO, A.J
Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the effect of organisational culture on the performance of construction firms in Abuja with a view to improving the performance of construction firms. Based on the participation selection criteria, a total of 80 members of the selected construction company’s management team took part in the interviews. Face-to-face interviews with research participants were done using semi-structured interview questions. Each participant’s interview lasted 40–60 minutes. Follow-up and member-checking interviews provided further information. The data was transcribed, processed, and triangulated after the data gathering procedure. The themes discovered in the research were divided into three categories. The major topics were (a) dominating organisational culture types and (b) core corporate values. (c) employee-centred management. The most common types of organisational culture were clan culture, adhocracy culture, hierarchical culture, and market culture. Customer satisfaction, honest communication, performance improvement, social responsibility, business identity, and excellent leadership were among the organisational culture elements impacting performance in the core corporate values theme. People who work for the company care about things like (a) a competitive wage and benefits package, (b) commitment from the managing director, (c) empowerment and training, (d) safe and comfortable work conditions, and (e) a sense of ownership. It was, however, concluded that organisational culture serves as a guide and router for a company. As a result, it is critical for employers and workers in the construction industry to understand this. The major recommendation from the study was that construction managers in related sectors may want to pay attention to the findings of this research since a lack of understanding of effective organisational culture has an impact on performance.
Keywords: Effects, Organization Culture, Performance, Construction Firms.
INFORMATION LITERACY AS DETERMINANT OF LIFELONG LEARNING AND KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION OF POST SECONDARY SCHOOL USERS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA
LAWAL, OLAJUMOKE NAFISAT; & UDOUDOH, S. J. (Ph.D)
Department of Library and Information Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the Information Literacy Skills and Knowledge Acquisition as Determinant of Lifelong Learning of Post-secondary School Users in Public Libraries in South-west Nigeria. The objectives are to ascertain the resources and infrastructure available for information literacy activities on lifelong learning, determine the influence of information literacy skills possessed by post-secondary school users and to find out the challenges faced in promoting lifelong learning through information literacy to post-secondary school users of public libraries in South-west Nigeria. Descriptive survey was adopted. The population comprises of six Librarians and 4294 registered library users. The entire population of the Librarians was adopted while Krejcie and Morgan population table was used to draw the sample size of 352 patrons. Questionnaire and observation checklist was used for data collection. Mean and standard deviation was used in analyzing the research questions and inferential statistics was used to test the hypothesis. The study discovered that post-secondary school users has a high level of awareness on the importance of lifelong learning which has helped has helped them to be active contributors to the society, the public library staff are also aware that information literacy skills has an efficient impact on lifelong learning of users. The study also revealed there is a significant relationship between information literacy skills, knowledge acquisition and lifelong learning of post-secondary school users in this study. However, limited and outdated resources, erratic power supply and funds were major constrains to information literacy skills training, knowledge acquisition and lifelong learning in public library in South-west Nigeria. The study recommends among others that authority should make provision to ensure adequate training for library staff, resources and facilities to properly implement information literacy skills and information dissemination.
Keywords: Information Literacy Skills, Knowledge Acquisition, Lifelong Learning, Post-secondary School. Public Library
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING RESIDENTIAL BUILDING OBSOLESCENCE IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
ABUBAKAR, N. & JONATHAN, U. A.
Department of Estate Management, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger state.
Abstract
The significance of residential real estate property to the economy of Nigeria and various stakeholders cannot be overemphasized. This class of asset contributes to the gross domestic product of the country, also various stakeholders feel more comfortable in storing their wealth through this medium making the value of real estate properties of great importance. Meanwhile obsolescence is a serious threat for built property. Given its immobile, long lasting and capital intensive. Minimizing obsolescence is indispensable for the up keeping of the physical, economical and societal investment involved in it.This paper examines the comparative analysis of factors affecting residential building obsolescence in Abuja. The paper used self administered questionnaire to 116 respondents out of 171 registered estate surveyors and valuers firms in Abuja according to Niesv directory of 2021. Out of the 116 questionnaire given out 93 was dully filled and returned. The data obtained were analysed using relative importance index (RII) and linear regression analysis. This study shows that the causes of building obsolescence in Abuja are poor standard maintenance, natural detoriation, construction faults, age of building, poor accessibility and environmental pollution. It is then recommended that special attention should be paid to standard of building maintenance because it contributes predominantly to the longevity of buildings.
Keywords: Comparative, Analysis, Affecting, Residential, building, obsolescence
EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ON PERFORMANCE OF BAKERIES IN MINNA, NIGER STATE. A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW
YUSUF, M.A.; ZUBAIRU, U. (PHD); & YUSUF, A.A.
Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Studies, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of organizational structure on the performance of bakeries in Minna, Niger State. The study adopts a cross-sectional research design via the use of close-ended questionnaire. The instrument was tested using face and content validity, and to check the internal consistence test and retest method was employed. The study chooses a sample size of 312 respondents using Taro Yamane (1967) formular from a total population of 1413 (approximately) bakeries employees within Minna. Similarly, ramdom sampling was used to give each bakery out of the 74 registered bakeries equal chance of being selected. To achieve the study objective Simple Linear Regression Analysis was use. The variables used to measure the independent variable (Organizational Structure) are; nature of formalization, nature of hierarchical layer and organizational boundary while the variable used to measure the dependent variable (Performance) is productivity.
Keywords: Organizational Structure, Performance, Covid-19, Bakeries.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCESS TO URBAN LAND FOR COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL USES IN MINNA, NIGERIA
UMAR NAGYA AND NAMNSO BASSEY UDOEKANEM
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Land is a major factor of production and a vital element in the socio-economic development of any country or society. Due to continuous urbanisation, resulting in the increase in urban population, access to Urban land has become a problem in North central Nigeria. The aim of this study is to examine the factors that influence access to urban land for residential and commercial uses in Minna, Nigeria. Data were both primarily and secondarily sourced. Primary data collection was by the aid of structured questionnaires whereby, a total of 400 questionnaires were administered to respondents in Minna. Factor analysis was adopted for the analysis of data. Result of the study however shows that cost of land, income level, and accessibility are the major factor that influence access to urban land for both commercial and residential use in Minna. It is therefore recommended that Government should seek ways of making access to urban land affordable to the residents.
Keywords: Access to Land, Commercial Land, Residential Land, Urban Land.
EXTRACTION, GC-MS ANALYSIS AND PRODUCTION OF PERFUME FROM AROMATIC PLANT (LEMON GRASS)
DAWODU OG1*, KOLAPO AO1, ABIBU MA1, AREWA OJ1
1Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Perfume is a substance, extract or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell, especially a fluid containing fragrant natural oils extracted from flower, wood etc. Lemon grass was collected from the garden of Federal Polytechnic Ede Osun State and was extracted for its oil using Soxhlet extraction method which yielded 8.78%. The extracted oil was analysed by GC-MS and chemical constituents in the oil were identified. 25 components were found in the oil with four major peaks comprising of 9-octadecanoic acid, methyl ester (32.64%), pentadecanoic acid, 4 methyl ester (23.82)%, 9,12 octadecanoic acid methyl ester (7.57%) and dodecanoic acid methyl ester (4.69%). Antibacterial activities of the oil were tested, the tested microorganism were sensitive and no resistance was not observed, all growth inhibition zone occurred in the high activity level at different concentration (>5mm) at 10 concentration. The extracted oil was formulated into perfume using a fixative and methanol. The result obtained from the antimicrobial susceptibility test and compounds identified by the GC-MS revealed that the oil can be used in industrial applications in the pharmaceutical, perfumery and cosmetic industries.
Keywords: Anti-bacterial activity, GCM, Lemon grass, Percentage yield.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VITAMINS, MINERAL, PHYTOCHEMICALS COMPOSITION OF LAGENARIA SPHAERICA LEAF
1ADEBAYO, O.R., 2 ADEGOKE, B.M., 3 AFOLABI, F., 4 EFUNWOLE, O.O. AND 5 AKINRO, E.B.
1,2,3, Department of Applied Sciences, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree. 4,5Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree.
Abstract
Medicinal plants has been utilized since human race, this has been used as the foundation of modern day medicine. Desire for herbal plant by man has been scientist interest in research to determine the safety and therapeutic potential. The research focus is in examining the vitamins (vitamins B1, B2 and C) with values of (1.232±0.008), (0.482±0.005) and (82.876±0.089) respectively. The mineral composition analysis revealed calcium (249.750±0.024), magnesium (19.480±0.004), zinc (0.527±0.001), copper (0.051±0.001), nickel (0.047±0.002), manganese (0.043±0.002), iron (0.044±0.001) and phosphorus (12.800±0.021).The results of phytochemicals screening revealed the presence of total phenol (12.037 ±0.012), saponin (8.013±0.090), flavonoid (12.718±0.205) and tannins (1.065±0.005). Likewise, the proximate analysis indicates (%) ash content (13.261±0.038), moisture content (7.214±0.575), crude fat content (13.233±0.830), crude fibre content (18.438±0.099), protein content (10.787±0.760) and carbohydrate content (37.067±0.067). Therefore, Lagenaria sphaerica could be examined and used to combat degenerative diseases and also be in cooperate with the modern medicine.
keywords: Lagenaria sphaerica, medicinal plants, therapeutic potential
APPROPRIATE METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR THE DESIGN OF SINGLE POINT CUTTING TOOL
YAKUBU BABA AHMAD
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, PMB 35, Mubi. Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The appropriate methodology adopted for the design of single point cutting tool is an important aspect of tool engineering. It deals with the design of tool shank, design of single point cutting tool, and various forces involved during machining of the workpiece. Selection of the appropriate material for the design of the single point cutting tool is paramount important and consideration must be put emplace. Various aspects of tooling, material cost, fabrication, manufacturing methods and the proper functioning of product should be considered. Strength and rigidity of tool is also taken into account while designing single point cutting tool. The main design criterion for shank size is rigidity. The deflection at the cutting edge is limited to a certain value depending on the size of machine, cutting conditions and tool overhung.
Keywords: Back Rake Angle, Cutting Force, Merchants Circle, Tool shank, Geometry, Material
SIMPLE REGRESSION MODELS’ COMPARISON USING GOODNESS-OF-FIT MEASURES
ESEMOKUMO PEREWAREBO AKPOS; & BEKESUOYEIBO REBECCA
Department of Statistics, School of Applied Science, Federal Polytechnic Ekowe, PMB 110, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study is on simple regression models’ comparison via goodness-of-fit measures. A cross-sectional study was conducted on the Anthropometric status of school pupils in State primary schools in Mbaitoli Local Government area of Imo State. The dependent variable is weight, while the independent variable is height. Eight regression models; Linear, Quadratic, Polynomial, Logarithmic, Hyperbolic, power, Exponential growth and Square root were stated. For the ease of data analysis, E-views package was implemented. Four model selection techniques for comparison known as; MSE, AIC, SIC withHQIC was employed. The result revealed that the Exponential growth regression outperforms the other seven models studied to examine the relationship between weight and height of primary school pupils. Hence; other models that were not employed in this study should be studied by researchers and as well compare results.
Keywords: AIC, SIC, HQIC, Simple Regression Equations, Mean Squares Error
CONCEPT OF CLASSICAL AND MODERN BUSINESS NATURE; AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
*MUHAMMAD MUJTABA ABDULKADIR PHD; *AUWAL GAMBO PALI; *HALIMA IBRAHIM BATURE; & **DR. ASMA’U BELLO ABUBAKAR
*Department of Islamic Studies, A.D Rufa’i College of Education, Legal and Social Sciences Misau, Bauchi State, Nigeria. **Department of Business Administration, Fucult of Management Sciences, Usman Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
Abstract
In Islam the dilemma whether an act is ethical or otherwise may be resolved by referring to the principles that are enunciated in the sources of the Shari’ah (Islamic law). Islamic business ethics, therefore, is based on these sources and provides an essential foundation in the making of ethical business decisions. Islamic ethics is known as Akhlaq and together with its core principles which include Ikhlas, trustworthiness, blief in destiny, Amanah, Sidq and ‘Adl guide an individual to always do good and eschew evil since the aim of business is not merely to accumulate wealth but to bring about a just socio-economic order and to ultimately please Allah. Furthermore, purposely, Akhlaq and its core principles guide how business disputes are to be resolved and at the same time restore harmony between the disputing parties. This research aimed at demonstrating the application of such core principles within the context of an Islamic organisation trough some objectives which include; highlighting on some of the Islamic theories to affirm the necessity of applying such theories during business or contract in form of modern business or otherwise, mainly to avoid forbidden types of transaction in buying and selling. This can be achieved by reading and analysis method through relevant sources and some collected materials.
Key words: Concept, Classical, Modern, Business, Islam and Perspective
THE IMPACT OF USING TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE AS A MEANS OF TRANSFORMING THE TEACHING OF THE LANGUAGE
ABUBAKAR SADIQ MUSA; ESTHER IOWAR ASHIEMAR; & AISHA MOHAMMED YERO
Department of Languages, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna.
Abstract
This paper aims to highlight the role of using modern technology in teaching English as a second language. It discusses different approaches and techniques which can assist English language students to improve their learning skills by using technology. Among these techniques are online English language learning web sites, computer assisted language learning programs, presentation software, electronic dictionaries, chatting and email messaging programs, listening CD-players, and learning video-clips. A case study has been done to appreciate the response of typical English language classroom students for using technology in the learning process. Upon this practical study, the paper diagnoses the drawbacks and limitations of the current conventional English language learning tools, and concludes with certain suggestions and recommendations.
Keywords: English Language Learning (ELL), educational technology, computer aided education, modern language teaching tools.
APPLICATION OF MODIFIED LOKTA VOLTERRA MODEL FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF REGION OF STABILITY IN A PREDOMINANTLY INFECTED FINANCIAL MARKET.
1OZUITEM ISAAC DICKSON, 2IBE GODSWILL ANAYO, 3ISIBOR LUCKY; & 4UDOH NDIPMONG
1Dept. of Cooperative Economy and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri. 2Mathematics and Statistics Department, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri. 3Administrative Department, Emerald College, Port Harcourt. 4Department of Mathematics, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State.
Abstract:
Prey-Predator models applied to eco-system is a well known area of scientific research which is gaining prominence in other areas of application particularly in financial analysis. This research work is an effort to apply a modified version of the Lokta Volterra Prey-Predator model in financial market-Nigerian stock market. We considered a market predominantly infested with fraudulent operators, so as to ascertain region of stability where it will be safe for an investor to play in the market with less risk. The study employed a symbiosis or mutualism model whose analytic results were compared with the simulated result. Our findings which do not deviate much from those established in literature Lettitia et al (2017) shows that by carefully monitoring the changes in relevant parameter values of the model, an investor will be able to ascertain regions of stability where it is safe to invest. These stability parameter values would allow better decision-making especially when a large company is interested in investing in smaller companies.
Keywords: Modified Prey-Predator Model, Stability region, Fraudulent Financial Market, Simulation.
THE IMPACT OF PETROLEUM PROFIT TAX ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
SHAMSUDDEEN, SHEHU; SA’EED, AKINYEMI, VINCENT AKINSOLA; & MAHMUD, BABA.RANI
College of Business and Management Studies, School of Business and Financial Studies, Kaduna, Polytechnic.
Abstract
The paper aim to evaluate the relationship of petroleum profit tax and economic development of Nigeria for the enhancement of the standard of living of the citizens. The research design used in this study is descriptive research design. Secondary data were used in this study. The relevant data for the study were obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) annual Statistical Bulletins. The data covered the period from 1999-2019. OLS Regression analysis was used to measure the relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables. Regression analysis technique was used to measure the relationship between a dependent variable and independent variables. The finding show that, petroleum profit tax (InPPT) has a positive impact on economic growth (InGDP) and this conform to the priori expectation of the theory. That is, as shown in the table 4.1, one percent level of increase in petroleum profit tax (InPPT) results in 0.268742 (i.e approximately 30%) increases in the level of economic growth (InGDP). Interestingly, the result of suchimpacts is statistically significant because the corresponding p-value (0.0301) is less than 0.05 or 5% statistical level of significance.the study recommends that: Deliberated efforts must be made in reviewing the current administration of PPTA in Nigeria to reflect the international standard on the petroleum profit tax Act as it relates to the assessment of firms in the upstream subsector of the petroleum industry, charging appropriate tax on taxable earnings of operators in the upstream subsector of the petroleum industry.
RISKS OF COVID 19 PANDEMIC ON THE WELLBEING OF CIVIL SERVANTS IN ONDO STATE NIGERIA
ARIYO AYODELE OLUWAKAYODE (Ph.D); ADEBAYO AYODELE DAVID; & ADISA TIMOTHY OLUWOLE
Department of Physical and Health Education, School of Science, Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo, Nigeria.
Abstract
Health is said to be wealth and is the greatest gift a man can get from the creator. This study investigated the risks of COVID-19 pandemic on the wellbeing of civil servants in Ondo state, Nigeria. A descriptive research design was adopted and the research data was collected using a well-structured and self-developed questionnaire tagged (RCOVIDWCS) and validated. Three hundred (300) respondents were used for the study. The hypotheses formulated were tested using Chi-square statistical tool at 0.05 level of significance. Five hypotheses were formulated and the findings of this study clearly showed that social distancing, hand-washing, use of face masks, affordability of COVID 19 test and trust of COVID 19 vaccine all have significant relationship on the wellbeing of civil servants in Ondo state, Nigeria. On the basis of these findings, it is therefore recommended that civil servants in Ondo state be encouraged to take the COVID 19 vaccine, health education be included in the curriculum at all levels of education and taught efficiently. Qualified and experienced Health education teachers should be employed to teach the subject matter in schools. The government should do more in enforcing the compliant of all COVID 19 protocol so as to better the wellbeing of individuals
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, hand washing, social distancing, face masks, wellbeing.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF DRUG ABUSE ON HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BAUCHI STATE
1MUSA LUMI; & 2SADEEQ LAUNI(Ph.D)
Public Administration Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Nigeria
Sponsored by Tertiary Education Trust Fund, Nigeria
Abstract
In recent time drug/substance abuse has received global attention among intellectual discourse. According to Drug Use in Nigeria 2018 Reports. Bauchi state is estimated that over 530,000 people have prevalence of drug use. The prevalence of drug/substance abuse among the youths and children is increasing which calls for attention. To assess the impact of drug abuse on human capital of some selected secondary schools in Bauchi State, and to ascertain the causes of drug abuse of some selected secondary schools in Bauchi State. The research adopted mixed method of research. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview. Data were presented though descriptive statistics using SPSS software. The study revealed that, there are great impact of drug/substance abuse on human capital in areas such as school dropout brain disorder among others. The cause of drug/substance abuse are multidimensional base on the studies revelation. The studies recommended a multidimensional and collective approach to drug/substance from family, school, religion centers, communities’ approach to government approach. The studies recommend drug/substance campaign awareness in schools.
Keywords: Drug/Substance Abuse, Human Capital, Impact, Cause, Bauchi State
SUSTAINABILITY OF OFF-SITE PRACTICE IN NIGERIA ROAD CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
TORIOLA-COKER O L1*, OMOKUNGBE O1, AYODELE-OJA S2, YEKINI A1, ALAKIJA T3,
1School of Engineering, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba Lagos. 2School of Environmental, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba Lagos. 3School of Science, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba Lagos.
ABSTRACT
The Nigeria construction industry has long been criticized for its poor performance, poor image in road construction ethics. This paper aimed to explore the sustainability of off-site construction Practice (OSCP) practices facing Nigeria built environment which are linked to a diverse range of factors including cost of installation, traditional construction method, accessibility to favorable exchange rate and level of accessibility to loans among others. The research framework indicates Nigeria construction industry’s attitude towards adopting sustainable road construction processes. An online quantitative approach was primarily used for data collection and analysis. The findings from 294 construction professionals (representing a 73.5% response rate) suggested that although the industry considered OSCP to be the future of the Nigeria construction industry. Presently, cast-in-situ method of construction has been considered as most effective approach in Nigeria road construction industry. Results has shown that level of OSCP in Nigeria road is very low. This has brought gap in knowledge in which OSCP should be used in producing road infrastructure appurtenances which will improve sustainable construction practices in Nigeria. There is a paucity of research on OSCP in Nigeria despite significant efforts in which no previous research can be established. The results provide a valuable insight into the commitment of OSCP methods in order to assist the investors, professionals, and policymakers by growing the level of sustainability in Nigeria.
Keywords: Nigeria, Off-Site Construction Practice (OSCP), Sustainability, Construction, Professionals
PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS IN A LABORATORY BATCH DIGESTER USING COW DUNG
IJEBOR FUNMILAYO DEVORA; HARUNA HAMZA SALIHU; EBU BRIDGET; AHMED AISHA; AND ISA AMINA S.
Department of Science Lab. Tech. Schoolof Science Tech. Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Biogas originates from bacteria in the process of bio-degradation of organic material under anaerobic condition. Biogas is a mixture of gases that is composed chiefly of methane (CH4), Carbon-dioxide (CO2), Hydrogen (H2), and Hydrogen sulphide (H2S2). The production of biogas through anaerobic digestion was carried out using cow dung. Three drums digester were used for the study. The pH of the slurry before anaerobic digestion was 6.2 for cow dung. The pH, Temperature and proximate analysis of the sample, before digestions were determined using standard method. The total aerobic and anaerobic counts for the cow dung are 89×105 and 75×105 before digestion, 49×105 and 82×105 after digestion. The cultural morphology revealed Gram positive rods with creamy irregular edges and the identified organisms are Bacillus species and Clostridium species. Table four contains the result of the daily biogas yield in millimetre and daily temperature reading after 2 weeks (14days) retention time which show a higher gas yield of 58ml at day 10. The result of this research shows that high quality of biogas can be produced using cow dung.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HOUSING CONDITIONS AND RENTAL VALUES OF RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES WITHIN UNGUWA JABA AND SABON GARI KANO METROPOLIS
ABDULFATAI SALAWU OYEBODE; DAVID AYOCK ISHAYA; GIMBA SHUAIBU DANLADI; & ZAIDU MUSA ZAIDU
Department of Estate Management, College of Environmental Studies, Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic.Kazaure.Jigawa State.
Abstract
This study examined the housing condit ionin Unguwa Jaba & Sabon Gari in Kano, Nigeria and the impacts of urbanization on environmental degeneration of urban built environment. The study attempt to compare the quality of residential properties within Sabon Gari and Ungwa Jaba area of Kano Metropolis. Where Microsoft word and Microsoft excel are used to organized the data and the data was analyze using table, bar chart, pie chart. The secondary data involved available census data, official documents and other relevant secondary data were obtained from existing literature, on books and journals. The study concluded that it is imperative to check and prevent further decay in Unguwan jaba and Sabon gari for good living and working environment.
Keywords: Housing Quality, Urbanization, Environmental degeneration, Residential Properties,Rental Values
PLANNING AND BUDGETARY TECHNIQUES FOR EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS MANAGEMENT
BELINDA ANYANWU
Department of Mass Communication, College of Administrative Studies and social Sciences, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna.
ABSTRACT
Education is generally accepted as the backbone for any societal development. Virtually every country’s of the world depend largely on the educational structure of a given system. Educational institutions cannot be effectively achieved without adequate funding for its day to day running of programmes/activities. To achieve success depend greatly on effective planning and budgeting for actualization of goals. A good education programme is basically anchored on a well formulated curriculum. The study therefore, is focused on planning and budgeting techniques as an effective tools for school management. The paper examined major types of planning such as, operational planning, tactical and strategic planning. Characteristics of planning, steps involved in planning and the tools for effective school management. Concept of management was explicitly defined through the acronym POSDCORB. Under school management, authorities often engaged in various activities so as to provide better experiences to learners. The study also examined budgeting system from its formation to the execution stating the procedure for functionality such as budget preparation, presentation, approval, implementation and evaluation. The study is anchored on the scientific management theory of 20th century by Frederick Taylor. In conclusion, it is observed that planning plays important role in any management setting. Effective planning and budgeting serves as an instrument used to facilitate educational process which automatically leads to achieving a successful goal.
Keywords: Education, Planning, Budgeting, Management, Curriculum.
A COMPARISM OF URBAN MASS TRANSIT OPERATIONS IN NIGERIAN URBAN CENTRES AND IN DEVELOPED WORLD (REVIEW)
1JAMES JEFFERY WILLIAMS; 2IGNATIUS JOSEPH; & 3LAWAL KABIR TUNAU
1Department of Geography, Adamawa State College of Education. 2Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi Adamawa – Nigeria. 3Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi Adamawa – Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper compares the existing urban mass transit situation in Nigeria to the ideal situation obtainable in the developed world, to serve as a yardstick for assessment of the urban mass transit situation. Issues discussed are Conceptual Framework for Urban Mass Transit Scheme, The Concept and Characteristics of Urban Mass Transit, Characteristics of an Ideal Urban Mass Transit, Characteristics of Mass Transit System in Nigeria as well as Urban Mass Transit Situation in Asia, North America and Europe. Data was collected through a desk study. The study concludes that for there to be an improved Urban Mass Transit Operations in Nigerian Urban Centres, the state mass transit implementation boards should continue to relate directly with the federal urban mass transit authority in all the major cities in the states including Abuja. The study recommends that state governments should make provisions for urban mass transit services in their annual budgetary estimation, Promotion and monitoring of improved level of services by services by mass transit agencies should be encouraged among others.
Keywords: Comparism, Urban Mass Transit, Urban Transportation, Urban centres, Operation Infrastructures
ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC INFORMATION RESOURCES ON POSTGRADUATE ENGINEERING STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA.
FASUGBA, MOTUNRAYO FATIMA; AND DR. S. J. UDOUDOH
Library and Information Technology Dept., Federal University of Technology, Minna
Abstract:
This paper was on the Assessment of Electronic Information Resources on Postgraduate Engineering Students’ Academic activities in Federal Universities in South-West, Nigeria. The study was guided by two objectives; find out the extent of awareness on electronic information resources available for the academic activities of post graduate engineering students in federal universities in South-West, Nigeria, challenges faced in the utilization of electronic information resources among postgraduate engineering students for their academic activities in federal universities in South-West. Survey research design method was adopted with targeted population of 16,855. The sample size for the study was 375 drawn using Krejcie and Morgan Sample Table. Questionnaire was the only instrument used for data collection. Out of the 375 copies of questionnaire administered, 307 copies were filled, returned and used for data analysis. Descriptive statistical tool involving frequency counts and percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) analysis was also used to test the two null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the types of electronic information resources available for academic activities of engineering postgraduate students were: e-books, e-journals, e-newspapers, e-conference papers, e-magazines, e-theses/dissertations, e-monographs, Web Public Access Catalogue and online databases and poor ICT infrastructure, outdated electronic information resources, erratic power supply, lack of fund, lack of proper ICT knowledge, low bandwidth, lack of user orientation are challenges faced in the use of electronic information resources among engineering postgraduate students for their academic activities. The study concluded that 21st century has created a need where postgraduate students can access information resources beyond printed format because of the nature of information generated or provided in electronic formats which they can access through their phones and laptops. The study recommended that management of federal Universities in South-West, Nigeria should strive to provide adequate information resources that can support students’ academic activities, create avenue through seminars, workshops and library user education Programmes for Engineering Postgraduate Students to improve and keep them abreast on the use of electronic information resources for their academic activities.
Keywords: Academic Activities, Electronic Information Resources, Postgraduate Engineering Students.
COMPULSORY ACQUISITION AND COMPENSATION PRACTICE IN NIGER STATE: A CASE STUDY OF LANDS ACQUIRED FOR MAITUMBI NEW ROAD NETWORK PROJECT
AMINAT LADI SHEHU; & MUHAMMAD BASHIR NUHU
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Land and landed property are compulsorily acquired in Nigeria and other nations around the world for various developmental public interests. However, it usually comes with some sort of discomforts, as it often results in either displacing people economically or physically. In either way, compensation of affected persons is required. It is against this backdrop that this study seeks to examine the compulsory land acquisition for public interest by Niger State Government and the payment of compensation in respect of Maitumbi New Road Area of Minna, Niger State with a view to establishing comprehensive guidelines that will improve the whole process. The study sampled 400 land owners in the study area, by issuing close ended questionnaires and adopted both descriptive and inferential method of analysis in collecting data for this study. Result of analysis reveals wide gap between compensation paid and the worth of the acquired property resulting to a widespread dissatisfaction with compensation paid to the claimants. The study recommends that compulsory land acquisition should clearly involve all stakeholders from the beginning of the process to the end while upholding the principles of good governance such as community participation; transparency and clear information to claimants and accountability to responsible professionals.
Keywords: Compulsory Land Acquisition, Compensation, Claimants, Stakeholders.
DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD EGG CONSUMPTION PATTERN IN WASE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
1JOSEPH, M; & 1TARKI, S .K.
1Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State.
ABSTRACT
The study analyses the egg consumption pattern of households in Wase Local Government Area of plateau States, Nigeria. The data were obtained through administration of questionnaire on 108 respondents. The data were analysed through the combination of descriptive statistics and multiple regression. The study result showed that 77% were male. The average Age of the respondents in the study area was 36 years,while average household size was 9 with 74% married. The mean value of the years of schooling was 11 years. Average income earned by the respondents in the study area was 26.20, with weekly consumption of 61.1%. The result further reveals thathousehold income, Age, occupation and marital status were significant determinants of household expenditure on egg consumption.
Keyword: Determinants, Egg, household, consumption,
CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PROJECTS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
* USMAN, J. B AND OLA-AWO, W. A
Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
ABSTRACT
This research aims to investigate waste management practises in private and public construction projects in Abuja, Nigeria, with a view to improving project performance as well as producing environmentally friendly projects and serving as a guideline for good waste management on sites. There is no database of private building projects executed in the study area, which makes the establishment of a population difficult. Therefore, two professionals each were purposively selected from each of the thirty (30) public and thirty private projects visited in the study area. The study utilised closed-ended questionnaires and adopted both descriptive and inferential methods of analysis. The findings classified factors contributing to waste generation on construction sites into four categories: procurement, handing, operation, and cultural factors. Damages due to transportation (MIS = 3.70) are identified as the most important overall factor contributing to waste generation on construction sites. This was followed by rework, variation, and negligence (MIS = 3.62). The Pearson Chi-square statistic (f) = 1.833a p-value = 0.400 (p 0.05) yielded this result. This shows that the variables are interdependent, implying that there is a statistically significant difference in the amount of trash created in private and public building projects. Based on the findings of this research, it is concluded that proper waste management practises in private and public construction projects when adhered to help in improving project performance, as well as producing environmentally friendly projects and serving as a guideline for good waste management on sites. The study recommends, based on challenges, that professional bodies should work with university bodies so as to inculcate sustainable building education into their various academic curricula.
Keywords: Construction, Waste Management, Practices, Private, Public Projects.
SENSOR PLACEMENT STRATEGIES: A REVIEW
ABDULBASIT A. MAKINDE1, ONWUKA N. ELIZABETH2, AND NATHANIEL SALAWU2
Telecommunication Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
Abstract
In the aspect of engineering, sensor placement depends solely on applications area. There are instances where the placement of sensor is very easy, that is it needs no special method or mathematical prove and also there are cases where there is a lot of things to be put into consideration. There are a lot of work done in regards to placement of sensor for effective and efficient work, and also there are a lot of areas where sensor placement is applicable which are structural management, agriculture, housing, security. Military. In this review, a lot of research work that falls under this category were critically analysed and justification were done which would assist future researchers that wanted to dive in on the topic.
EFFECTS OF MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ACCESSIBILITY ON USE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES BY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA.
ABDUL, JOSHUA1 AND PROF. JIBRIN A. ALHASSAN2
Library and Information Technology Dept., Federal University of Technology, Minna
Abstract:
This paper assessed the effects of management practices and accessibility on use of information resources by undergraduate students in federal university libraries in North-central Nigeria. The study was guided by two objectives and two corresponding research questions. The objectives of the study were to: determine the effects of information resource selection procedures on its use by undergraduates in federal university libraries in North-central, Nigeria and determine the possible challenges faced by users in accessing and using information resources in libraries of federal universities in North-central, Nigeria. Survey research design method was adopted for the study. The total population for the study was one hundred and fourteen thousand (114000) undergraduate students in in five federal universities in North-Central, Nigeria. The sample size for the study was three hundred and eighty-three (383) drawn using Krejcie and Morgan sample table for determining the sample size of a population. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. Out of the three hundred and eighty-three (383) copies of questionnaire administered, three hundred and thirteen (313) copies were filled, returned and used for the analysis. Descriptive statistical tool involving frequency counts and percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. The findings of the study revealed that the effects of information resource selection procedures on its use by undergraduate students is high. The study revealed further that inadequate up-to-date information resources, mutilated materials, poor Internet services, unfriendly attitude of staff, Inadequate staff, difficulty in accessing materials, inadequate searching skills, insufficient power supply, poor infrastructural facilities, poor arrangement of the information resources and information resources not well displayed are challenges faced by users in accessing and using information resources. The study recommended among others that the management of the federal universities in North-Central, Nigeria where the university libraries are established should ensure the use of national bibliographies, printed/sellers’ catalogues, directory and advert materials brought out by publishers from time to time in order to ensure the easy use of information resources among undergraduate students and the university library should provide network connectivity as well as an alternative power supply, recruiting qualified staff, proper staff training and development to improve the management of electronic information resources so as to satisfy the needs of library patrons as target customers of the library.
Keywords: Accessibility, Information resources, Management practices, Undergraduate students, University libraries, Use.
ASSESSMENT OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES IN MOKWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
ISAH, A.M.; & AHMED MOHAMMED EMIGILATI
Department of geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
Evolution and development of man has welcome some alteration and modifications to the earth’s surface. This study assessed the land use and land cover changes of Mokwa LGA of Niger State. It explored the potential of Geographic Information System (GIS). The data employed was basically the Landsat imageries 2000, 2010 and 2020. This study utilized the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the trend analysis to analyse the data. The result showed that in year 2000, built up area covered about 18.3%, water body covered 24.4, vegetation covered 49.3% and bare land covered 8.3%, in 2010, the built-up area appreciated by 13.3%, water body declined by 1.8%, vegetation also declined by 23.3% and bare land declined by 11.6% and in the year 2020, built-up rise from what it was in 2010 by 10%, water body declined by 1.6%, vegetation also declined by 11.2% and bare land declined by 1.4%.
Keywords: Vegetation, Landuse and Land Cover, Forest, ecosystem.
DETERMINATION OF RETENTION TIME AND THE CUMULATIVE BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN A LABORATORY BATCH DIGESTER USING RUMEN CONTENT
EBU BRIDGET; HARUNA HAMZA SALIHU; IJEBOR FUNMILAYO DEVORAH; AHMED AISHA; AND YUSUF HALIMA.
Department of Science Lab. Tech. Schoolof Science Tech. Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This project work focused on generation of biogas using rumen contents as substrate and determining the retention time of the substrate. Construction of the biogas digester, and determination of proximate composition of the rumen content was carried out using standard procedures. A three drum digester set were designed and used in this research work. The substrate (rumen contents) was in the ratio 2:1 with the water. The digesters were stirred thrice daily to avoid scum formation in the digesters and to allow for easy escape of the gas produced. The retention time was determined to be 23days for the substrate during which the daily internal temperature reading was taken in order to determine temperature variation and also to determine the effect of sunlight on the production rate. Also microbial analysis, Biochemical Tests, Gram Staining and microscopy were carried out. Therefore, the average gas produce within an interval of 3days are; day1-3(39.6cm3), day4-6(37.3cm3), day 7-9(32.6cm3), day10-12(32.3cm3), day13-15(37cm3), day16-18(43.3cm3), day19-21(43cm3), The result obtained from this study indicates that Bacillus species were the most common bacteria isolated and identified during the research, suggesting that the species plays a vital role in the microbial activities for the production of biogas. The study also revealed that rumen content has great potential for the generation of Biogas and produced large quantity of Biogas during 15-21days retention time.
MINERAL, PROXIMATE, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND INFRA-RED ANALYSIS OF NICOTIANA TOBACUM LEAF
1ADEBAYO, O.R., 2 AFOLABI, F., 3 ADEGOKE, B.M., 4EFUNWOLE, O.O AND 5ADEDOKUN, A.A.
1,2,3,5 Department of Applied Sciences, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree. 4Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree
Abstract
Plants used in folk medicine can be the leaf, seed, or the whole plant that possess healing properties. Traditionally, some tribe use Nicotiana tobacum leaf juice for itchy eye remedies. Mineral, proximate, phytochemical and Infra-red analysis of Nicotiana tobacum were evaluated. The analyses were carried out using various standard analytical techniques. The mineral compositions (mg/kg) sodium (32.019±0.001), potassium (153.000±0.011), calcium (47.200±0.002), calcium (47.200±0.002), magnesium (74.180±0.020), iron (1.080±0.002), zinc(0.304±0.010), manganese (1.100±0.012) and copper (0.013±0.001). The result of the vitamin C is (2.630±0.010). The proximate compositions (%) revealed ash content (6.900±0.200), moisture content (5.300±0.020), crude fat content (2.200±0.031), crude fibre content (23.900±0.130), protein content (29.500±0.015) and carbohydrate content (32.200±0.027). The qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals were alkaloids (15.033±0.016 %), flavonoids (2.735±0.011%), steroids (10.100±0.200 mg/g), terpenoids (3.287±0.010 %) and glycosides (23.211±0.033 mg/kg). The functional groups showed the presence of primary amine, alkene functional groups, Sulfate. The results suggest that Nicotiana tobacum may be significant to achieve a sustainable development in traditional medicine.
Keywords: Primary amine, Nicotiana tobacum, Infra-red analysis, traditional medicine
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTER FOR PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS LOADED WITH COW MANURE
YAKUB BABA AHMAD
Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, P M B 35, Mubi, Adamawa State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Nigeria plays an important role in the development and propagation of renewable energy technology. The production of biogas is of growing interest as depletion of fossil-fuel resources. Although the production of biogas through anaerobic digestion is not a new idea, commercial anaerobic digestion processes are often operated at well below their ideal performance due to a diversity of factors. The study designed a domestic biogas plant, which if adopted can reduce the bioenergy consumption by a significant percentage. From the research and design, a family in rural area with between 5 to 10 cows can produce a minimum of 2 to 3 m3 of gas which is adequate for lighting and cooking needs of a rural family with an average of 4 to 6. However, there exists a dearth of literature on the design considerations that would lead in the development of anaerobic digesters aimed at creating useful commodities from the ever-abundant bio-waste. Consequently, this paper provides the important issues and analyses about the design of a household anaerobic digester.
Keywords: Renewable energy; Bio-energy; Biogas; Cow dung; Anaerobic Digesters.
ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN LAFIA TOWN, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
YAKUBU AHMED UBANGARI, AND POLYCARP BENSON,
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Isa Mustapha Agwai I Polytechnic, Lafia Nasarawa State
Abstract
The improper management of solid waste is one of the challenging environmental problems facing urban centres worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Little attention is given to waste management practices. This is why it is common to see heaps of waste in littering the streets, dumped indiscriminately in drainages, vacant plots and open spaces especially in the urban areas of the developing world. Despite the establishment of Nasarawa Urban Development Board as a waste management agency, the problem of solid waste management in Lafia town remains intractable. The study examined the current state of waste management being employed by Nasarawa Urban Development Board in Lafia town, Nasarawa state. The study population was contacted through stratified systematic sampling technique. Data for this ‘study were generated through questionnaires, in depth interviews, direct and personal observation. The data generated from the questionnaires were subjected to descriptive analysis using frequencies and percentages. The study revealed that majority (58.5%) of the respondents were not provided with waste collection facilities by Nasarawa Urban Development Board and so disposed their wastes indiscriminately. Majority (65.5%) of the respondents knew nothing about procurement of dustbins, dumpsites and the agency of government that is responsible for refuse/ waste management in, the study area. The agency responsible for waste management in the study area (NUDB) were faced with numerous challenges militating against effective and efficient performance. These challenges were lack of political will, paucity of fund or poor funding, shortage of man power, shortage of functional vehicles (trucks) etc. The study recommended that public awareness or education should be carried out by Nasarawa Urban Development Board in collaboration with the National Orientation Agency and the mass media on waste management issues. It also recommended that Nasarawa state government should support the Board financially among other needs to enable the Board perform her functions effectively and efficiently.
Keywords: State, Solid, Waste, Management, Pollution
FUNCTIONAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS PRODUCED FROM WHEAT-FINGER MILLET FLOUR BLENDS
EJIM, M.N, OMACHI, B.A and EJIM, K.O.
ABSTRACT
Biscuits are rich sources of fat and carbohydrate and goosd sources of protein like lysine and tryptophan. The sensory properties of biscuits and functional properties of wheat-finger millet flour were investigated in this study. Wheat-finger millet flour were weighed and mixed in ratios of 95:5, 90:10, 85:15 and 80:20. All ingredients were mixed together with the blended flour, rolled, cut into circular shapes and then baked in the oven at 100°c for 30minutes to produce biscuits. The functional properties of the flour was determined using standard laboratory procedures while sensory evaluation of the biscuits was conducted. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 19. Results for functional properties showed that significant difference (P≤0.05) existed in the bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity and swelling index among all the samples. Sensory evaluation scores showed significant difference (P≤0.05) in taste, appearance and texture while general acceptability showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) among samples. Nutritious and organoleptically acceptable biscuits were successfully produced from all the wheat – finger millet flour blends but the study recommends mass production of sample B(95:5 Wheat-Finger millet flour blend) because it produced the best biscuit quality in terms of functional properties and sensory evaluation scores among all formulated blends.
ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN IMO STATE VIA MULTIPLE REGRESSION TECHNIQUE
ESEMOKUMO PEREWAREBO AKPOS; & BEKESUOYEIBO REBECCA
Department of Statistics, School of Applied Science, Federal Polytechnic Ekowe, PMB 110, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study was aimed at using multiple regression technique to analyze the relationship between weight, height and head circumference of primary school pupils in Imo State; a case study of Mbaitoli Local Government Area. The statistical technique discussed in this research was used to justify the hypotheses, and the SPSS statistical software was employed to ease the analysis. The analysis of data showed that there is no multicollinearity, autocorrelation which agrees with the assumptions of multiple linear regression. The analysis showed that heteroscedasticity exists in the data. The analysis revealed that there is a joint significant relationship between weight and height, head circumference of primary school pupils. Further analysis based on the individual test shows that height contributes positively to weight of primary school pupils, whereas head circumference does not contribute to weight of primary school pupils.
Keywords: Anthropometric Measurement, Regression Analysis, Heteroscedasticity, Autocorrelation, Multicolinearity
ICT AND KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY AS AN APPLIANCE FOR ACHIEVING ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
*IHUGBA, OKEZIE A, *OYALEDE, O, *OKORO, D.C AND **NJEMANZE, E
*Department of Economics, AIFCE, Owerri Imo State. **School of General Studies, AIFCE, Owerri Imo State
Abstract
Economic growth theories predict that economic growth is driven by investments in ICT. This study examined the relationship between ICT, Knowledge economy and economic growth. The Engle-Granger (1987) two-step modelling (EGM) procedure involving: cointegration analysis and error correction of parameter estimates were used. It was discovered that the level of mobile phone subscription has a significant effect on value added by labour in the long and short run. A 0.03 percent increase would result in a 1 per cent increase in the growth of the value-added by labour in Nigeria in the long and short run. The level of internet subscribers is positively signed but not pronounced and also, the growth of education which represents knowledge economy has significantly affected the value added by labour in the country. However, it shows that if education output decreases, the value added by labour increases at 0.07 percent in the long and short run. The result is not in line with the belief that education is the bedrock of technology. The study concludes that Education institutions should be encouraged to embrace ICT, and underscore the role of R&D capital stock in the country.
Keywords: ICT, Knowledge Economy, ECM and Internet subscribers.
ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC /CO-CURRICULAR ACHIEVEMENT AT SCHOOL LEVEL
NAFISA ABDULRAHMAN ASHAFA
Department of Biology Shehu Shagari College of Education Sokoto, Nigeria
Abstract:
Role of social media on student’s academic /co-curricular achievement at school level was carried out using descriptive qualitative survey method. The obtained data was analyzed using thematic content analysis. The positive roles of social media on students at school are found. the respondents highlighted some benefits of social media on students as follows: it allows teachers to demonstrate to students (16.6%), it used for learning using online books, and other materials(16.6%),It allows collaboration among students from various places, areas(16.6%), It allows students to express themselves (11.1%), Teachers create groups for extra lesson(11.1%),, Provide easy ways of giving(11.1%),, submission, and collection of assignments(11.1%), Learn how to read and write from others(11.1%). The least response was ‘Enhances vocabulary development (5.6%). This finding has rejected the hypothesis “There are no positive roles/ advantages of social media on academic /co-corricular achievement at school level”. The disadvantages/ negative roles of social media on students are related by the respondents. Therein, the major theme mentioned was Copy bad (sexual)/ other attitudes from others (33.3%), then the following themes: Can make students lazy or abhorrent to books (22.2%), May promote plagiarism(22.2%), Time consumption(22.2%), and make student Spend more time on social media than reading books(22.2%). This finding has rejected the hypotheis “There are no negative/ disadvantages of social media on academic /co-curricular achievement at school level”. The suggestions on reducing negative roles of social media on students at school were submitted. Therein, the major theme submitted was Proper/ careful monitoring of their use of phones/ social media (40.0%). The other submission are: Parents should teach them on how to properly use phones (20.0%), Teachers should coach on how to use social media(20.0%),and Screening of on accessing risky sites to students. This finding has rejected the hypothesis “There are no the negative/ disadvantages of social media on academic /co-curricular achievement at school level”. Conclusively, there are positive and negative roles of social media on students academic achievement at school.
Keywords: Social media, school, extracurricular activities, curriculum, academic achievement
RADIO FREQUENCY ENERGY HARVESTER FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NODES AND MOBILE PHONE BATTERIES: A REVIEW
ABUBAKAR M. BABA1, ONWUKA N. ELIZABETH2, AND ABRAHAM U. USMAN2
1Electrical Engineering Department, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State Nigeria. 2Telecommunication Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
Abstract
There is an increase in the deployment of wireless sensor nodes, most especially with the advent of 5G and application of internet of things (IoTs). These nodes and user equipments (UEs) requires an uninterrupted power supply, which cannot be guaranteed using an alternating current (AC) power source or battery direct current (DC); due to inadequate supply of AC power in most developing countries, need for recharging and replacing damage batteries, and harsh deployment terrain of sensor node. The use of radio frequency (RF) energy harvester have been postulated in literature as a promising technology that can be used to power UEs, sensor nodes and other low power electronic devices wirelessly. The basic component of RF energy harvester is an antenna and rectifier, coined together as Rectenna. Researchers have been working towards deploying an RF energy harvester with lower threshold voltage, and better power conversion efficiency (PCE). This paper gives an overview of related designs of existing RF energy harvesters.
Keywords: User Equipments (UEs), Radio Frequency, Rectenna and Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE).
ADOPTING EMPIRICAL RESEARCHES AS INSTRUMENTS FOR DIAGNOSIS FOR FINDING SOLUTIONS TO HUMAN CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS IN NIGERIA.
*VEN EGESI JONATHAN C.; **NWARU CHRISTIANA CHINWE; & **UCHECHI DIKE
*Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo –Ohaji, P.M.B 1472, Owerri, Nigeria. **Imo State Polytechnic, Umugwo-Ohaji
Abstract
Research as a topic or discourse has attracted various definitions and interpretations in our contemporary society. For our purpose here we take it as a systematic effort at gaining new knowledge and solutions to given human problems. Also research has been seen as a systematic and objective each for new knowledge to the solution of a novel problem .Regrettably, it has been discovered above other things that various scholars nowadays do not conduct diagnosis or researches to find out the workable solutions to various problems rather they simply adopt one strategy or the other in an attempt to solve the problem. This study is a clarion call for all and sundry to fall back to researching other than doing trial and error when it come to proffering answers to disturbing situations. Various data collection techniques were adopted in the course of this study which include but not limited to oral interviews, use of textbooks, questionnaire, periodicals and the internet. A theory was adopted as a theoretical foundation for the study .The study concluded with the scholars making case that empirical research is like conducting a test on a patient to know the appropriate medication to be administered on him or her and should not be relegated to the background.
Keywords: Adoption, Empirical research, Instrument, Diagnosis, solutions
THE PLACE OF INFORMAL SECTOR IN URBAN EMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA
TPL. YAKUBU AHMED UBANGARI; & BENSON POLYCARP
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Isa Mustapha Agwa I Polytechnic Lafia
Abstract:
The informal sector accounts for about 60- 80% of urban employment in Nigeria and in other parts of the world. It encompasses a wide range of gainful economic activities. In Nigeria, Government has aided the development of informal sector through the establishment of the National Directorate of Employment (NDE). This paper suggests that emphasis should be placed on skill acquisition rather than on formal education.
CONTRIBUTION OF GAME MEAT IN REDUCING ANIMAL PROTEIN DEFICIENCY IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW
1SANI, A.; 1SANGA, M.J.; & 2ALMUSTAPH, A. J.
1Department of Animal Health and Production, Fed. Poly. Bauchi.2Ministry of Education Bauchi.
ABSTRACT:
With escalating demand for animal protein and the high prices associated with such products, many people have become increasingly reliant on the harvest of local wildlife species as animal protein sources. Although humans have hunted wildlife for over 100,000 years, consumption has not increased considerably until recently. Game meat is a known delicacy in many parts of the world including Nigeria. It provides an important source of meat in both rural and urban household diets. It constitutes about 16-20% (North) and more than 80% (South) of total animal protein consumed in Nigeria and up to 90% for most rural West Africans humid regions. Indeed, many Nigerians cannot forget in a hurry its delicious aroma and taste in their native soups. It is usually obtained from free-range animals that grow in the wild. As they grow in natural environments, meat from game animals are usually rich in vitamins and minerals and free from growth hormones, which is the norm in domestic meat and poultry products. They are also low in calories when compared to beef and chicken. Game meat is high in eicosapentaenoic acid, an essential Omega-3 fatty acid that has several cardiovascular benefits. Carcasses of domesticated animals have 25 to 36% fat while the average for wild game animals is 4.3%. Fat from wild game contains a much higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (good fat) and is low in saturated fat (bad fat). Some game meats are higher in dietary cholesterol than domestic meats, but the combination of more lean body tissues, less saturated fat and significantly higher percentage of cholesterol-reducing polyunsaturated fatty acids makes it a heart-healthy choice. Due to their wild nature, wild animals’ meat is truly a natural product free from any residual chemicals. However, as nutritious and tasty as it may be, they can be a likely source of infectious diseases including the deadly Ebola viral disease.
Keywords: Game meat, Bush meat, Wild life, Ebola
TOWARDS EFFECTIVE E-LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIAN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
SHITU ABDULLAHI LAME1, FATIMA MAIKUDI ABUBAKAR2, ALHAJI ADAMU ABDULLAHI3
1,2&3 Department of Computer Science, School of Comm. & Info. Sciences, A.D Rufa’i College of Education, Legal & General Studies – Misau, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstracts
The advent of new technology is playing the role of catalyst between learning and teaching. E-learning is an electronic way of transferring lessons on digital devices. It has potentials to increase the accessibility of quality education and supports constructivist approach. E-learning is becoming an adoptable technology for educational institutions of its benefits and advantages of on demand services, flexibility, Scalability, low cost and world-wide learning society. Despite of all these benefits and advantages e-learning brought to education sector, in Nigerian institutions of higher learning the issue of utilizing and proper implementation of e-learning technology is marred with some challenges such as; low funding to education in annual budgets and poor electricity supply from the government, like of awareness and training of staff on the use of ICTS, with motivation attached from the school administrators. This paper looks at the meaning or definitions of e-learning as given by different researchers and the role that e-learning plays in higher educational institutions in relation to teaching and learning processes, and the benefits and the advantages of its adoption and implementation. Also highlighted in this paper are challenges of e-learning in the tertiary institutions and the ways to reduce the challenges and problems toward effective e-learning implementation in Nigerian tertiary institutions.
Keywords: E-learning; ICT, Nigerian Tertiary Institutions; Implementation, Internet
FRAMEWORK ASSESSMENT OF URBAN RESILIENCE IN FLOODING DISASTER MITIGATION IN BIRNIN KEBBI
IMOLE OYELADE1* AND ABDULKARIM ABDULMUMIN MANGA 2*
Department of Urban and regional planning, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi state, Nigeria.
Abstract
The paper is on the framework assessment of urban resilience in flooding disaster mitigation in Birnin Kebbi. The aim of this study is to examine the level of resistant of the wellbeing of Birnin Kebbi to flood using urban resilience’s framework assessment. The objectives are to; examine the resilience framework in the area through the citizenship engagement in the occurrence of flooding; identify the causes of flooding leading to disaster occurrence in the study area and; identify factors that promote and stimulate inclusive lives of the citizens within the study area. The study employed both the use of primary and secondary data. The Study adopted Accidental Sampling. A representative sample of 175 farmers were selected within the study area for the data collection on Fadama lands on site near the flooding areas. Also the QGIS was adopted so as to formulate Spatial planning for the flooded areas of the Fadama lands within Birnin Kebbi Local Government areas. The Analysis was based also on the use of Frequency and Percentage on Likert scale on the Resilience framework assessment as adopted by Sharifi (2016). Data Analysis was carried out through the use of Statistical package for social scientist. The Study revealed high indications of interaction in terms of language, previous experiences and awareness of flood, and the absence of diverse skills at the time of flood. These skills are evident in conflict resolution mechanism and ethnic equality, empowerment and engagement skills. The study is recommended for the agencies at State Government level to provide adequate security measures, health services, empowerment skills and the required infrastructures and services within the concerned Fadama areas of Makera and kardi areas. The Study is strongly recommended to all agencies required in managing flood disaster at all levels of government.
Keywords: Resilience; flood; assessment; mitigate; prevention; measure.
SOURCING REVENUE THROUGH PROPERTY RATING IN NIGERIA
1ADEBAYO EMMANUEL OLUSEYI ADEWALE; & 2FISAYO J. ALO
145, Idi Ape, Opposite Police Barracks, Iwo Road, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. 21, Ance Building, Magazine Road, Jericho, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper aiming to appraise the Property rating as tool for generating revenue in Nigeria, property rating is an annual tax imposed on real property usually by reference to an advalorem tax base (i.e., the tax is calculated according to the value of the property). Tax is the most reliable source of income to our locality and it’s aimed at promoting the welfare of inhabitants of the local community. Property is taxed as the liability imposed on homeowners for owning real estate. The municipal tax authority sets a percentage rate for imposing taxes, called a levy rate, which is then calculated against the assessed value of each homeowner’s property ad valorem (literally, “according to value”). The final determination is the individual property levy for that resident. Collectively, every resident’s tax levy determines the total revenue of the municipality’s property tax levy”.
Keywords: Property Rating, Tax, Revenue, Property, Sourcing.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PENICILLINASE-PRODUCING Staphylococcus aureus FROM CLINICAL ISOLATES IN BAUCHI METROPOLIS
YAKUBU, DAUDA ABUBAKAR; ELISHA, VICTOR ZUYA; MUSTAPHA, H.G; ABDULKADIR, S.Z; BULUS, CALEB LARAPS; FUNMILAYO IJEBOR; & OGBEBA, J
Science laboratory technology department federal polytechnic Bauchi
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is usually a harmless colonizer of about one third of healthy humans and is most likely found in nares. Nasal carriage of S. aureus has been closely associated with Staphylococcal disease. Penicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a strain of S. aureus that is resistant to penicillin. Usually this strain of S. aureus is resistant to more than one antibiotic. Hence, infections due to this strain are very difficult to treat. Resistance in penicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is related to chromosomal mccA gene that specifies the production of an abnormal penicillin binding proteins called PBP2a or PBP21. The aim of the study is to isolate and identify penicillinase producing Staphylococcus aureus from clinical samples. A total number of 50 samples (Urine, High Vaginal Swab (HVS), Wound Swab, Sputum, and Nasal swab) were collected from both genders of all age groups from patients in Infectious disease hospital Bayara. Staphylococcal suspected isolates were biochemically confirmed and Penicillin G containing soluble starch was added to an iodine solution. This reagent was poured onto a filter paper and the organism was tested for penicillinase production by smearing a portion of a culture on the paper. Out of the 50 samples obtained 31 isolates were S. aureus positive as it was identified biochemically and by sugar fermentation test. The presence of beta-lactamase was determined using chromogenic method with positive isolates of 28(56%). Penicillinase in the isolates of beta-lactamase Staphylococcus aureus were identified by Filter paper method with positive isolates of 22(44%) which were also partially sensitive to Ampicillin (30µg) and Amoxycillin (30µg) with average zones of inhibition of (1.1mm-10.4mm) the isolates were resistant to Vancomycin (30µg), Cefuroxime (30µg), Erythromycin (10µg), Streptomycin(30µg) and Gentamycin(30µg). The study indicates a high prevalence rate of penicillinase producing Staphylococcus aureus that requires empirical and urgent intervention to prevent staphylococcus resistance within the environment of study. Antibiotic susceptibility evaluation should be carried out on resistant Staphylococcus aureus so as to determine the appropriate drug of choice.
Keywords: isolation, penicillinase, infection, resistance, clinical